全文获取类型
收费全文 | 529篇 |
免费 | 124篇 |
国内免费 | 175篇 |
专业分类
测绘学 | 79篇 |
大气科学 | 309篇 |
地球物理 | 59篇 |
地质学 | 160篇 |
海洋学 | 65篇 |
天文学 | 6篇 |
综合类 | 52篇 |
自然地理 | 98篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 6篇 |
2023年 | 10篇 |
2022年 | 19篇 |
2021年 | 38篇 |
2020年 | 34篇 |
2019年 | 31篇 |
2018年 | 33篇 |
2017年 | 24篇 |
2016年 | 24篇 |
2015年 | 32篇 |
2014年 | 38篇 |
2013年 | 52篇 |
2012年 | 35篇 |
2011年 | 47篇 |
2010年 | 40篇 |
2009年 | 40篇 |
2008年 | 29篇 |
2007年 | 36篇 |
2006年 | 33篇 |
2005年 | 23篇 |
2004年 | 27篇 |
2003年 | 12篇 |
2002年 | 15篇 |
2001年 | 22篇 |
2000年 | 16篇 |
1999年 | 14篇 |
1998年 | 11篇 |
1997年 | 7篇 |
1996年 | 14篇 |
1995年 | 14篇 |
1994年 | 10篇 |
1993年 | 9篇 |
1992年 | 11篇 |
1991年 | 5篇 |
1990年 | 2篇 |
1989年 | 6篇 |
1988年 | 2篇 |
1985年 | 2篇 |
1984年 | 1篇 |
1983年 | 1篇 |
1982年 | 1篇 |
1981年 | 1篇 |
1980年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有828条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
Hierarchically nested river landform sequences. Part 2: Bankfull channel morphodynamics governed by valley nesting structure 下载免费PDF全文
Gregory B. Pasternack Dastagir Baig Matthew D. Weber Rocko A. Brown 《地球表面变化过程与地形》2018,43(12):2519-2532
River corridors exhibit landforms nested within landforms repeatedly down spatial scales. In Pasternack et al. ( 2018 ), a new, scale‐independent, hierarchical river classification was developed that uses five landform types to map the domains of a single fluvial process – flow convergence routing – at each of three–five spatial scales. Given those methods, this study investigated the details of how flow convergence routing organizes nested landform sequences. The method involved analyzing landform abundance, sequencing, and hierarchical nesting along the 35 km gravel/cobble lower Yuba River in California. Independent testing of flow convergence routing found that hydraulic patterns at every flow matched the essential predictions from classification, substantiating the process–morphology link. River width and bed elevation sequences exhibit large, nonrandom, and linked oscillations structured to preferentially yield wide bars and constricted pools at base flow and bankfull flow. At a flow of 8.44 times bankfull, there is still an abundance of wide bar and constricted pool landforms, but larger topographic drivers also yield an abundance of nozzle and oversized landforms. The nested structure of flow convergence routing landforms reveals that base flow and bankfull landforms are nested together within specific floodprone valley landform types, and these landform types control channel morphodynamics during moderate to large floods. As a result, this study calls into question the prevailing theory that the bankfull channel of a gravel/cobble river is controlled by in‐channel, bankfull, and/or small flood flows. Such flows may initiate sediment transport, but they are too small to control landform organization in a gravel/cobble river with topographic complexity. Copyright © 2018 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
2.
3.
利用贵州省预报业务常规、地面自动站加密观测资料、NCEP/FNL1°×1°再分析资料、业务数值预报模式,分析2020年6月29日铜仁市东部高空西北气流影响下的特大暴雨环境场特征、地面中小尺度场特征以及3家数值预报模式检验,初步分析产生此次特大暴雨的可能成因是在副高东南退、东北冷涡槽后高空西北气流维持、低层冷平流下传西输、地面辐合维持增强为涡旋、地面东路弱冷空气侵入、能量锋区斜压性增强;短临监测发现雷达回波有列车效应、低层辐合高层辐散的共轭配置、中层气旋式辐合;初步得出了西北气流影响下弱天气尺度环境场的铜仁市东部暴雨的预报着眼点。 相似文献
4.
An analysis of the kinetic energy budget during a case of interaction between middle latitude and extratropical cyclones has been made in this work. Horizontal flux convergence constitutes a major energy sink. Generation of kinetic energy via cross-contour flow is a persistent source throughout the growth and decay periods. Dissipation of kinetic energy from subgrid to grid scales is an important source during the pre-storm period; it acts as a sink during the growth and decay periods. The major contribution to kinetic energy comes from a persistent upper tropospheric jet stream activity throughout the period of the cyclone development. The characteristics of moisture-flux components (divergent and rotational) along with precipitable water content for different tropospheric layers throughout the life cycle of our cyclone are also studied in this work. It is found that most of required humidity for our cyclone are initiated from Arabian Sea and then to some extent are reinforced over Gulf of Aden and east of central Africa and then by passing over Red sea enter to the south and south east of Mediterranean Sea. The rotational component of the moisture transport brings moisture from two regions; the first which is considered the main region is the Indian Ocean, Arabian Sea, Gulf of Aden and north east of Sudan. The second source region is the Atlantic and Mediterranean Sea. In the middle troposphere, the primary moisture source is found over central Africa, which in turn is traced to the Atlantic Ocean, the Indian Ocean, and the Arabian Sea. The upper-level moisture fluxes are weak and play a minor role over the area of interaction between two cyclones. 相似文献
5.
为探讨系统偏差最优估计策略,利用IGS提供的GPS、BDS、GLONASS和Galileo 四系统的观测数据以及GFZ提供的精密卫星钟差和精密轨道产品,将系统偏差(ISB)按照高斯白噪声、20 min、30 min、1 h、2 h分段常数进行单天静态解,分别获得E、N、U方向上的坐标偏差,分析不同系统偏差求解策略下多系统融合PPP的收敛时间和定位精度。结果表明,在多系统融合静态PPP中,从观测模型强度与定位结果稳定性和可靠性角度综合考虑,对ISB采用20 min分段常数估计策略是最优的,静态PPP收敛时间在30 min左右,收敛后的定位精度E方向优于2 cm、N方向优于1 cm、U方向优于5 cm。 相似文献
6.
DETRITAL ZIRCON U-PB DATING OF MODERN RIVERS' DEPOSITS IN PAMIR,SOUTH TIAN SHAN AND THEIR CONVERGENCE ZONE 下载免费PDF全文
By dating detrital zircon U-Pb ages of deposition sequence in foreland basins, we can analyze the provenance of these zircons and further infer the tectonic history of the mountain belts. This is a new direction of the zircon U-Pb chronology. The precondition of using this method is that we have to have all-around understanding to the U-Pb ages of the rocks of the orogenic belts, while the varied topography, high altitude of the zircon U-Pb ages of the orogenic belts are very rare and uneven. This restricts the application of this method. Modern river deposits contain abundant geologic information of their provenances, so we can probe the zircon U-Pb ages of the geological bodies in the provenances by dating the detrital zircon U-Pb ages of modern rivers' deposits. We collected modern river deposits of 14 main rivers draining from Pamir, South Tian Shan and their convergence zone and conducted detrital zircon U-Pb dating. Combining with the massive bed rock zircon U-Pb ages of the magmatic rocks and the detrital zircon U-Pb ages of the modern fluvial deposit of other authors, we obtained the distribution characteristics of zircon U-Pb ages of different tectonic blocks of Pamir and South Tian Shan. Overlaying on the regional geological map, we pointed out the specific provenance geological bodies of different U-Pb age populations and speculated the existence of some new geological bodies. The results show that different tectonic blocks have different age peaks. The main age peaks of South Tian Shan are 270~289Ma and 428~449Ma, that of North Pamir are 205~224Ma and 448~477Ma, Central Pamir 36~40Ma, and South Pamir 80~82Ma and 102~106Ma. The Pamir syntaxis locates at the west end of the India-Eurasia collision zone. The northern boundary of the Pamir is the Main Pamir Thrust(MPT)and the Pamir Front Thrust(PFT). In the Cenozoic, because of the squeezing action of the India Plate, the Pamir thrust a lot toward the north and the internal terranes of the Pamir strongly uplifted. For the far-field effect of the India-Eurasia collision, the Tian Shan on the north margin of the Tarim Basin also uplifted intensely during this period. Extensive exhumation went along with these upliftings. The material of the exhumation was transported to the foreland basin by rivers, which formed the very thick Cenozoic deposition sequence. These age peaks can be used as characteristic ages to recognize these tectonic blocks. These results lay a solid foundation for tracing the convergence process of Pamir and South Tian Shan in Cenozoic with the help of detrital zircon U-Pb ages of sediments in the foreland basin. 相似文献
7.
藏南昂仁县桑桑地区林子宗群火山岩的形成时代
和地球化学特征 总被引:4,自引:1,他引:3
桑桑地区林子宗群火山岩Sr、Nd同位素地球化学特征和SHRIMP锆石U-Pb地质年代学数据表明:①林子宗火山岩以高钾流纹岩为主,属于高钾钙碱性系列岩石,形成于49.8Ma± 0.92 Ma,属于帕那组火山岩地层;②林子宗火山岩稀土元素配分模式较为一致,相对于HREE,强烈富集LREE;③林子宗火山岩具有相对低的初始Sr同位素值(87Sr/86Sr(i)=0.70488~0.70569)和较高的初始Nd值(εNd(i)=-1.38~-1.58);④总体上富集大离子亲石元素,亏损高场强元素,与岛弧型火山岩的地球化学特征类似。桑桑地区林子宗火山岩在形成过程中明显受到角闪石和斜长石分离结晶作用的影响。可能是俯冲的新特提斯洋板片断离或变陡,进而导致经历过俯冲交代作用的富集岩石圈地幔甚至局部下地壳发生部分熔融,形成的初始岩浆发生混合作用,并在近封闭条件下发生高度分离结晶作用的产物。结合已有的结果,认为冈底斯带南带普遍经历了50Ma左右的岩浆作用。 相似文献
8.
9.
BeiDou、Galileo、GLONASS、GPS多系统融合精密单点 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1
随着中国BeiDou系统与欧盟Galileo系统的出现以及俄罗斯GLONASS系统的恢复完善,过去单一的GPS导航卫星系统时代已经逐步过渡为多系统并存且相互兼容的全球性卫星导航系统(multi-constellation global navigation satellite systems,multi-GNSS)时代,多系统GNSS融合精密定位将成为未来GNSS精密定位技术的发展趋势。本文采用GPS、GLONASS、BeiDou、Galileo 4大卫星导航定位系统融合的精密单点定位(precise point positioning,PPP)实测数据,初步研究并分析了4系统融合PPP的定位性能。试验结果表明:在单系统观测几何构型不理想的区域,多系统融合能显著提高PPP的定位精度和收敛速度。4大系统融合的PPP收敛速度相对于单GNSS可提高30%~50%,定位精度可提高10%~30%,特别是对高程方向的贡献更为明显。此外,在卫星截止高度角大于30°的观测环境下,单系统由于可见卫星数不足导致无法连续定位,而多系统融合仍然可以获得PPP定位结果,尤其是水平方向具有较高的定位精度。这对于山区、城市以及遮挡严重的区域具有非常重要的应用价值。 相似文献
10.