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Li Congxian 《海洋学报(英文版)》1993,12(4):573-584
-On the basis of the data obtained from the investigations on some rivers in China and Australia, the author discusses the spatial and temporal changes of various portions of fluvial-estuarine system during postglacial sea-level rising in present coastal and deltaic areas. The evolution of a fluvial-estuarine system can be divided into four development stages: early transgression, late transgression, stationary and regression. Early transgression brought about filling-in of the paleo-valley formed in low stand of sea level. In response to late transgression the estuaries were created, during the stationary stage the big swamp was developed. The regression led to estuaries to be filled with sediments and then became deltas. At the same locality the fluvial-estuarine system changed with time. In the transgressive period the lower reach of a river changed into an estuary, and then became nearshore area. In the regressive period the nearshore area changed into an estuary , and then became delta. 相似文献
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末次冰期最盛期以来长江扬中段古河谷的沉积环境 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
选择长江扬中段古河谷作为研究对象, 探讨末次冰期最盛期以来的沉积环境.搜集整理了扬中—泰州长江大桥地质勘探钻孔28个, 根据钻孔资料, 绘制了长江古河谷的地质剖面示意图.在其中2个钻孔采集了粒度样品、磁化率样品, 分别用Mastersizer 2000激光粒度仪、BartingtonMS2磁化率仪进行了分析; 在4个钻孔采集了14C年代样品, 利用液体闪烁计数仪进行测定, 得出了27个年代数据.结果表明: 扬中地区长江古河谷约-61 m以上沉积为末次冰期最盛期以来的沉积; 末次冰期最盛期、晚冰期早期(约12 000 a B.P.), 河流滞留沉积与溯源堆积形成了厚约24 m的河床相砂砾层; -23~-37 m为12 000 a B.P.-8 000 a B.P.时的河漫滩相沉积, 沉积物主要为粉砂及粉砂质黏土, 局部细砂; 8 000 a B.P.-4 000 a B.P.为河口湾环境, 形成河口湾-浅海沉积, 厚度为-17~-23 m, 沉积物主要为粉砂夹粉砂质黏土; -17 m以上为4 000年以来的河口坝、汊道河床沉积及三角洲形成以来的河床、河漫滩沉积. 相似文献
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The stratigraphical cross-sections of the Yangtze River incised-valley near the No.1, No.3 and No.4 Nanjing Yangtze River bridges were established with respective bore date and documents. By 14C age analysis of the samples of four drilling cores near the No.4 Bridge (to be built), we can find that the time range of paleo-valley is dated in the LGM at a depth of –60 m to –90 m near Nanjing. It is also indicated that the deep incised-valley channel was narrow and the river flowed swiftly. The ancient Yangtze River deep channel presented partially and deeply incised features near the No.1 Bridge. According to previous publications, much research has been done on the main paleo-channel of the Yangtze River, but few results have been achieved on discharge estimation. In this paper, the incipient velocity and average velocity of the LGM was calculated with Vc = 4.60d1/3h1/ 6, 95 Vc 1.28lg 13.15. h . gd , d ? ? = ? ? ? ? 1 6 * 90 V 6.5u h d ≈ , etc., in terms of the river shape, sedimentary grain size and sequences near the No.3 and No.1 bridges. Moreover, the discharge in Nanjing reach of the Yangtze River during the LGM has been estimated to be around 12,000–16,000 m3/s according to the relationship of discharge, velocity of flow and cross-section. 相似文献
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二连盆地中东部含铀古河谷构造建造及典型矿床成矿模式研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
二连盆地为中国北方重要的聚煤沉积盆地,同时也发育赛汉组古河谷,古河谷在盆地内呈北东向带状展布,河谷内发育巴彦乌拉、赛汉高毕及哈达图等多个铀矿床。铀矿床具有"同河谷多矿床、同河谷多类型"的特点。作者通过对含铀古河谷构造-建造的研究,将赛汉组古河谷与铀成矿有关的构造演化划分为6个阶段。沉积前断陷期构造形成了古河谷建造沉积的带状谷地;断坳转换期湖相沉积的灰色泥岩,为铀成矿间接提供了还原物质;坳陷期沼泽化沉积,为铀成矿提供了直接还原介质;赛汉组上段热-重力沉降期河流、辫状河三角洲沉积,形成主要的铀储层。挤压隆升剥蚀期,受构造掀斜抬升,影响了成矿作用的类型及规模;成矿后期的热沉降期,导致新一轮的沉积充填,起到保矿的作用。通过对赛汉组沉积体系、砂分散体系等特征的研究,发现下白垩统赛汉组下段沿短轴方向主要发育冲积扇-扇三角洲-湖沼沉积体系,长轴方向发育辫状河三角洲-湖沼沉积体系。赛汉组上段主要发育河流沉积体系,砂体较发育,沿古河谷呈朵状、带状分布,矿床主要产于赛汉组上段古河谷砂体内。建立了赛汉组古河谷内典型矿床的矿床成矿模式,将赛汉组古河谷的矿床成矿模式划分为巴彦乌拉潜水-层间氧化式、赛汉高毕潜水氧化式及哈达图层间氧化式。 相似文献
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二连盆地早白垩世末期断拗转换的构造应力场背景,为赛汉组上段古河谷沉积的发育创造了有利的地质条件。赛汉组上段古河谷沉积是在下段辫状河三角洲沉积的基础上演化而成,由于湖泊沉积衰亡,形成了长流程的古河道砂体,为铀成矿提供了理想的赋矿空间。晚白垩世-古新世长时间的沉积间断,有利于氧化带的发育。因此,古河谷砂体和氧化带控制了盆地内的铀成矿。笔者通过以哈达图、赛汉高毕和巴彦乌拉铀矿床的对比分析,建立了二连盆地3种不同古河谷类型的铀成矿模式,并对其进行了潜力分析,指出找矿的方向。 相似文献
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选择沂河汤头—刘道口段作为研究河段。在船流街—解家庄断面进行了电测法物探和钻探工作。搜集了柳杭橡胶坝、解放路沂河大桥、陶然路沂河大桥、罗程路沂河大桥等钻孔资料。根据物探、钻探结果及钻孔资料,绘制了船流街—解家庄、柳杭橡胶坝附近、解放路沂河大桥附近、陶然路沂河大桥附近及罗程路沂河大桥附近5个断面的沂河古河槽地质剖面示意图。在船流街、解家庄、柳杭、祊河大桥南岸及陶然路大桥附近沂河河槽等剖面采集了~(14)C及光释光(OSL)年代样品,样品分别在美国BETA实验室、北京大学AMS 14C实验室、南京师范大学光释光实验室等进行了测试,获得了26个年代结果。结论认为,船流街附近约70 m以下、柳杭橡胶坝附近约69.53 m以下、解放路沂河大桥附近约55.09 m以下、陶然路沂河大桥附近约50.36 m以下、罗程路沂河大桥附近约56.35 m以下的河槽,为末次冰期最盛期时的沂河古河槽,古河槽宽深比较大,河槽宽浅;沂河古河槽底部基岩岩性复杂,断裂带发育。由于断裂构造、岩性、支流汇入等,沂河古河槽在解放路沂河大桥、陶然路沂河大桥附近形成局部深切;末次冰期最盛期,沂河汤头—刘道口段属于辫状河。 相似文献
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The stratigraphical cross-sections of the Yangtze River incised-valley near the No.1,No.3 and No.4 Nanjing Yangtze River bridges were established with respective bore date and documents.By 14C age analysis of the samples of four drilling cores near the No.4 Bridge(to be built),we can find that the time range of paleo-valley is dated in the LGM at a depth of-60 m to-90 m near Nanjing.It is also indicated that the deep incised-valley channel was narrow and the river flowed swiftly.The ancient Yangtze River deep channel presented partially and deeply incised features near the No.1 Bridge.According to previous publications,much research has been done on the main paleo-channel of the Yangtze River,but few results have been achieved on discharge estimation.In this paper,the incipient velocity and average velocity of the LGM was calculated with Vc = 4.60 d 1/3 h1/6,95 Vc 1.28lg 13.15.h.gd,d = 6 * 90 V 6.5u h≈ d,etc.,in terms of the river shape,sedimentary grain size and sequences near the No.3 and No.1 bridges.Moreover,the discharge in Nanjing reach of the Yangtze River during the LGM has been estimated to be around 12,000-16,000 m3/s according to the relationship of discharge,velocity of flow and cross-section. 相似文献
8.
南京长江四桥附近长江古河谷沉积层序 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
根据南京长江四桥附近地质钻孔资料,绘制长江古河谷地质剖面示意图。在3个钻孔采集了年代样品,10个钻孔采集了粒度样品。01号孔在-59.4m深度上河床相圆砾石层中沉积物样品有机质的14C年代为14682±110年,邻近钻孔在-33.1～-33.3m深度上粉细砂中有机质的14C年代为10822±240年。通过对典型钻孔沉积层序及沉积物颗粒级配的分析,得知古河谷充填了3期从粗到细的沉积旋回,约-65m以下深槽中的沉积旋回应是末次盛冰期沉积,约-65m～-35m的应是晚冰期沉积,约-35m以上是全新世以来的沉积。 相似文献
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