首页 | 本学科首页   官方微博 | 高级检索  
文章检索
  按 检索   检索词:      
出版年份:   被引次数:   他引次数: 提示:输入*表示无穷大
  收费全文   993篇
  免费   198篇
  国内免费   298篇
测绘学   120篇
大气科学   147篇
地球物理   124篇
地质学   698篇
海洋学   128篇
天文学   1篇
综合类   73篇
自然地理   198篇
  2024年   2篇
  2023年   18篇
  2022年   50篇
  2021年   48篇
  2020年   56篇
  2019年   66篇
  2018年   43篇
  2017年   54篇
  2016年   48篇
  2015年   52篇
  2014年   75篇
  2013年   99篇
  2012年   68篇
  2011年   63篇
  2010年   63篇
  2009年   68篇
  2008年   51篇
  2007年   54篇
  2006年   69篇
  2005年   51篇
  2004年   57篇
  2003年   39篇
  2002年   43篇
  2001年   37篇
  2000年   33篇
  1999年   25篇
  1998年   25篇
  1997年   31篇
  1996年   20篇
  1995年   11篇
  1994年   13篇
  1993年   8篇
  1992年   10篇
  1991年   6篇
  1990年   6篇
  1989年   5篇
  1988年   6篇
  1987年   3篇
  1986年   3篇
  1985年   3篇
  1984年   3篇
  1982年   2篇
  1979年   1篇
  1977年   1篇
排序方式: 共有1489条查询结果,搜索用时 31 毫秒
1.
马丽  田华征  康蕾  戚伟 《地理科学》2020,40(6):863-873
在解析支撑能力和东北问题特点的基础上,从“创新、协调、绿色、开放、共享”五大理念出发建立全面振兴社会经济支撑能力评价指标体系和综合评价方法,以地级市为单元对东北三省进行评估。研究发现:各地市社会经济支撑能力差异显著,哈大沿线核心城市的支撑能力较强,西翼城市以及朝阳、七台河、绥化、葫芦岛、铁岭、双鸭山和鹤岗等资源型城市支撑能力较弱。因此未来东北地区在振兴政策的区域分布上应有所侧重,对不同地区施以不同的振兴或扶持政策。在创新、绿色、开放方面需要集中力量重点突破,而在体制机制改革和共享服务建设方面需要全面覆盖,并重点加强黑龙江北部和辽宁、吉林西翼城市的共享能力建设。  相似文献   
2.
李阳  邹灏  刘行  蒋修未  李蝶 《岩矿测试》2020,39(2):300-310
近年来激光剥蚀电感耦合等离子体质谱(LA-ICP-MS)应用于单个流体包裹体成分定量分析已成为研究流体包裹体的最佳手段之一。该实验过程和数据处理比较复杂,目前国内外采用的数据分析软件为一款基于MATLAB的SILLS软件,该软件主要是对矿物(锆石)、流体包裹体以及熔体包裹体LA-ICP-MS分析结果进行处理。本文以萤石流体包裹体LA-ICP-MS分析为例,阐述了样品制备与流体包裹体的优选方法,对流体包裹体片厚度以及单个流体包裹体的选取要求作了详细描述,对仪器参数设置、内外标样选取和剥蚀方法等进行了说明。基于SILLS软件采用尖峰消除的方法对待处理数据进行校正,对不同种类型的波峰进行峰宽的选取。在元素比值校正和等效盐度计算过程中,由于被测样品是萤石,Ca元素具有较高的背景值,选择以Na作为流体包裹体的内标元素,以Ca作为寄主矿物的内标元素对寄主矿物浓度进行计算,同时提出以电价平衡代替质量平衡进行等效盐度计算。以上方案提高了LA-ICP-MS分析单个萤石流体包裹体的准确性,有助于解释成矿流体来源和矿床成因等问题。  相似文献   
3.
This article borrows a statistical method from physical geography—topographical prominence—to suggest a new technique for measuring the relative significance or rank of population centers. Unlike raw population measures, prominence gives consideration to both the spatial intensity of concentrated population areas as well as the spatial dependence or independence of neighboring settlement clusters in relation to one another. We explain how to apply the topographic prominence calculation method to gridded population data and examine its practical utility through case studies of several U.S. states. We then discuss some ways in which parametric choices about point-to-surface transformations can result in considerably different outcomes and offer further suggestions for conceptualizing and measuring population center significance.  相似文献   
4.
传统的农村公路核查需要人工实地抽查或通过GNSS设备进行信息采集验核,存在成本高、效率低等问题。遥感影像具有成像范围广、时效性高、成本低、能客观反映现实情况等优点。相比于传统方法,将遥感影像引入农村公路核查,能客观、准确、高效地对农村公路相关信息进行核查。本文基于国产高分辨率遥感影像,结合农村公路遥感核查业务,采用遥感影像道路提取算法,设计并实现了一种农村公路核查方法。将本方法应用于某中部省份农村公路遥感核查业务,实际应用表明该方法能有效提高现有农村公路遥感核查的工作效率。  相似文献   
5.
Abstract

Automatic raingauge data often serve as an important input to hydrological and weather warning operations. They are not only fundamental in quantitative rainfall analysis, but also act as the ground truth in warning operation and forecast validation. Quality control is required before the data can be used quantitatively due to systematic and random errors. Extremely large random errors and unreasonably small or false zero values can hamper effective monitoring of heavy rain. Yet both are difficult to detect in real-time by objective means. In an attempt to address these problems, a rainfall data quality-control scheme based on radar-raingauge co-kriging analysis was developed. The important threshold values required in the data quality control of 60-min raingauge rainfall were determined from a detailed analysis of the distributions of rainfall residuals defined as the arithmetic difference and the logarithm of the ratio between a raingauge measurement and its co-kriging estimate. The scheme has been developed and is in real-time use in Hong Kong, a coastal city of about 1100 km2 area with more than 150 raingauges installed. Geographically, it is located in the subtropics and dominated by heavy convective rainfall in the summer. As a basis of the quality-control scheme, the co-kriging rainfall analysis was shown through a verification exercise to be superior to those obtained by the Barnes analysis and ordinary kriging of raingauge data. The performance of the quality-control algorithm was assessed using selected cases and controlled tests, and was found to be satisfactory, with a high error detection rate for the two targeted types of error. Limitations and operational issues identified during a real-time trial of the quality-control scheme are also discussed.
Citation Yeung, H.Y., Man, C., Chan, S.T., and Seed, A., 2014. Development of an operational rainfall data quality-control scheme based on radar-raingauge co-kriging analysis. Hydrological Sciences Journal, 59 (7), 1285–1299. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02626667.2013.839873  相似文献   
6.
陈进  毛先成  邓浩 《地球学报》2020,41(2):179-191
大尹格庄金矿是胶西北招平断裂带中段的大型金矿床,但随着逐渐的开采其保有资源量不断下降,急需在矿床的深边部区域开展接续资源找矿工作。本文以大尹格庄金矿为研究对象,以区域成矿理论和找矿勘查模型为指导,利用三维地质建模技术构建了相关地质体的三维模型,在此基础上,采用定量化的方法提取地质体与成矿相关的控矿因素指标和矿化指标,并建立了三维定量成矿预测模型,并应用该模型圈定了3个找矿靶区。研究表明,该方法能够适用于大中型矿山的深边部找矿工作,其三维及定量化的预测结果能够为后续的勘探及开采工作提供重要参考。  相似文献   
7.
Urban development significantly alters the landscape by introducing widespread impervious surfaces, which quickly convey surface run‐off to streams via stormwater sewer networks, resulting in “flashy” hydrological responses. Here, we present the inadequacies of using raster‐based digital elevation models and flow‐direction algorithms to delineate large and highly urbanized watersheds and propose an alternative approach that accounts for the influence of anthropogenically modified land cover. We use a semi‐automated approach that incorporates conventional drainage networks into overland flow paths and define the maximal run‐off contributing area. In this approach, stormwater pipes are clustered according to their slope attributes, which define flow direction. Land areas drained by each cluster and contributing (or exporting) flow to a topographically delineated catchment were determined. These land masses were subsequently added or removed from the catchment, modifying both the shape and the size. Our results in a highly urbanized Toronto, Canada, area watershed indicate a moderate net increase in the directly connected watershed area by 3% relative to a topographically forced method; however, differences across three smaller scale subcatchments are greater. Compared to topographic delineation, the directly connected watershed areas of both the upper and middle subcatchments decrease by 5% and 8%, respectively, whereas the lower subcatchment area increases by 15%. This is directly related to subsurface storm sewer pipes that cross topographic boundaries. When directly connected subcatchment area is plotted against total streamflow and flashiness indices using this method, the coefficients of variation are greater (0.93 to 0.97) compared to the use of digital elevation model‐derived subcatchment areas (0.78 to 0.85). The accurate identification of watershed and subcatchment boundaries should incorporate ancillary data such as stormwater sewer networks and retention basin drainage areas to reduce water budget errors in urban systems.  相似文献   
8.
A comprehensive understanding of the dynamics of erosion and sedimentation in reservoirs under different management conditions is required to anticipate sedimentation issues and implement effective sediment management strategies. This paper describes a unique approach combining fluvial geomorphology tools and morphodynamic modeling for analyzing the sediment dynamics of an elongated hydropower reservoir subjected to management operations: the Génissiat Reservoir on the Rhône River. Functional sub‐reaches representative of the reservoir morphodynamics were delineated by adapting natural river segmentation methods to elongated reservoirs. The segmentation revealed the link between the spatial and temporal reservoir changes and the variability of longitudinal flow conditions during reservoir management operations. An innovative modeling strategy, incorporating the reservoir segmentation into two sediment transport codes, was implemented to simulate the dynamics of erosion and sedimentation at the reach scale during historic events. One code used a bedload approach, based on the Exner equation with a transport capacity formula, and the other used a suspended load approach based on the advection–dispersion equation. This strategy provided a fair quantification of the dynamics of erosion and sedimentation at the reach scale during different management operations. This study showed that the reservoir morphodynamics is controlled by bedload transport in upper reaches, graded suspended load transport of sand in middle reaches and suspended load transport of fine sediments in lower reaches. Eventually, it allowed a better understanding of the impact of dam management on sediment dynamics. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   
9.
湖相介形类壳体微量元素(本文主要指Mg和Sr)是重建古环境的重要指标之一,可以定性或定量地反映湖水信息。自20世纪80年开始应用以来,经过30余年的发展取得了很大进展。在古环境重建过程中主要存在两类影响因素:(1)其宿生水体中M/Ca比值(M主要指Mg和Sr)的影响因素:季节变化、微环境差异和湖泊演化过程,这类因素通过对宿生水体中M/Ca比值来影响介形虫壳体中的M/Ca比值,进而造成古环境重建结果的误差增大或可靠性降低;(2)介形类壳体微量元素分配系数的影响因素:宿生水体中M/Ca比值、温度、碱度等,这类因素能够直接影响介形类壳体分泌、钙化的生命-化学过程的因素,是定量重建的重要影响因素。加强现代介形类生活习性和微量元素组成变化过程的研究可以消除或减小以上影响因素对古环境重建的影响,提高介形类壳体化石中微量元素组成在古环境重建研究中的精度和可靠性。  相似文献   
10.
基于比差分传播相移(KDP)的降水估计算法R(KDP)相较于传统基于水平反射率因子(ZH)的算法R(ZH)的表现更优。在雷达实际运行中,由于随机误差和后向散射相位(backscattering phase)的影响,可能出现负的KDP。运用一种基于变分的雷达定量降水估计混合算法(V-RQPE)。该算法用变分拟合方法重构差分相位(ΦDP),用一种新的稳健的边界条件求解方法,在消除随机误差的同时获得非负的KDP,进而进行降水估计。随后我们使用2017年5月7日广州S波段雷达的回波数据和地面雨量站观测数据进行验证,同时使用了六种不同的算法进行对比,结果显示,在1小时累计降水估计中,V-RQPE表现最好,在24小时累计降水估计中,V-RQPE和基于变分拟合的KDP的降水估计算法(R-VKDP)表现最好,实验结果表明变分拟合方法对雷达降水估计能力有显著提升。   相似文献   
设为首页 | 免责声明 | 关于勤云 | 加入收藏

Copyright©北京勤云科技发展有限公司  京ICP备09084417号