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煤矿采区三维地震资料解释中的切片技术及其应用 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：3
长期以来,煤矿采区三维地震勘探资料解释的工作流程与二维地震勘探基本相同,三维地震资料相对二维地震资料所具有的许多解释方面的优越性未能有效发挥出来,人机联作的过程相对简单.在三维地震勘探获取的三维数据体基础上,可做进一步的运算和分析,提取速度、振幅、频率、相位等相关信息,并利用等时切片、层拉平切片、断层切片、面块切片、方差体、相干体等各种技术,有效解释小构造、小褶曲及岩性方面的信息. 相似文献
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地震和测井资料联合反演储层物性参数的方法 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
为了充分利用测井资料较高的纵向分辨率及其反映井壁周围物性直接准确的特点和地震资料良好的横向可追踪性，针对厚储层和薄储层地震—地质模型分别提出了利用测井和地震资料联合反演纵横波速度和密度参数的方法。理论模型的计算结果表明，反演方法是切实可行的 相似文献
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针对大倾角厚软煤层下分层安全综采问题,结合淮南矿区潘北煤矿1212（3）大倾角厚软煤层分层综采下分层工作面地质与工程条件,综合运用基于数字散斑、声发射监测与分布式光纤传感技术的物理模拟试验、基于煤系地层赋存禀赋建模技术的数值模拟试验相结合的研究手段,开展了下分层开采再生顶板破断倾向分区演化、再生岩体变形声发射能量与光纤应变响应规律及应力分布特征研究。结果表明：再生顶板破断由其破断岩块滑移、低中位悬臂梁和高位铰接岩梁断裂组成,双梁破断是引起下分层支架失稳的关键所在。下分层中上部双梁破断声发射能量呈高度聚集且持续时间短,光纤感知低位悬臂梁破断且中上部光纤应变峰值高,下分层中上部是支架与再生顶板稳定性控制的重点区域。下分层下部再生顶板破断岩块充填密实且粒径小,是架间与架前岩块漏冒多发区域。下分层再生顶板中形成高应力组成的应力拱,距采空区高度约30 m,双梁破断主要发生在拱内,拱中岩体破断对支架具有一定的冲垮作用。 相似文献
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Diagenetic signatures of stratal surfaces in the Upper Jurassic Fulmar Formation, Central North Sea, UKCS 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
FIONA E. BURNS STUART D. BURLEY ROB L. GAWTHORPE JOHN E. POLLARD 《Sedimentology》2005,52(6):1155-1185
Sedimentation rate and changes in relative sea level affect early diagenetic cementation along key stratal surfaces within the deeply buried Upper Jurassic Fulmar Formation, South Central Graben, UKCS. As a result of the bioturbated nature of the shallow marine strata, variations in ichnofabrics and cross-cutting relationships between trace fossils are important in identifying and correlating stratal surfaces. Two transgressive and two regressive surfaces/sequence boundaries were studied, using petrographical, mineralogical and geochemical techniques. Cements, including early diagenetic pyrite framboids, grain-rimming apatite, microcrystalline dolomite and ankerite, occur at, above and immediately below both transgressive and forced regressive surfaces/sequence boundaries. Breaks or subdued rates of sedimentation associated with both types of surfaces meant that the sediment package resided within early diagenetic zones for prolonged periods of time, enhancing diagenetic reactions at and below the surfaces. The distribution of ankerite, despite being a deep-burial cement, was primarily controlled by concentrations of bioclasts that are particularly abundant at transgressive surfaces. The diagenetic character of the forced regressive surfaces/sequence boundaries is more complex than that of the transgressive surfaces, both in terms of mineralogy and paragenesis. This is attributed to the superimposition of diagenetic assemblages as a result of erosion, re-sedimentation and sediment by-passing. Although the diagenetic signature of the surfaces has been modified by dissolution/replacement reactions during deep burial, early diagenetic signatures can still be distinguished. 相似文献
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地震沉积学探讨 总被引：23，自引：0，他引：23
地震沉积学是用地震手段研究沉积岩及其形成过程的学科,其研究手段主要有90°相位转换和地层切片技术等。90°相位转换使地震相位具有了岩性地层意义,可以用于高频层序地层的解释;地层切片是指对某一层位内进行等比例内插切片之后用来研究各个等时地层单元的沉积体系（相）的平面展布。文章认为：①由于受地震分辨率的限制,地震沉积学目前主要应用于研究宏观的地层、岩石、沉积史和沉积体系,还没有达到全面研究沉积岩及其形成过程的程度,因此,目前的地震沉积学是利用地震手段结合井资料研究宏观的地层、岩石、沉积史和沉积体系的一门学科,它还需要进一步的发展才有可能继地震地层学、层序地层学之后真正成为一门研究沉积岩及其形成过程的新学科;②相位转换技术中转换的角度并不一定局限于90°,可以是其它角度的相位转换,这要根据层位标定的具体情况而定;③地层切片比时间切片和沿层切片更加合理,但是目前的地层切片技术还没有考虑地层的沉积速率随时间的变化,因此,地层切片还不是严格意义上等时的。 相似文献
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曲流河地层内部结构复杂,岩性界面具有穿时性,传统的地震相分析法不能满足油藏开发地质研究中对储层内部结构精细解释的需要,急需探索有效的地震解释方法。采用基于探地雷达的露头探测、点坝复合体三维正演模拟和实际地震资料相结合的方法,分析了地震资料频率和地层厚度对曲流河内部结构地震反射特征的影响,研究了利用地层切片解释曲流河沉积结构的原理和方法,建立了开发尺度的曲流河内部结构地震沉积学解释技术。研究发现:(1)高频地震资料中地震反射能够反映曲流河侧积复合体边界,而低频地震资料中反射同相轴与岩性界面一致;(2)不同厚度的点坝侧积单元地震反射特征存在差异,造成反射剖面的多解性。同时指出曲流河内部结构地震沉积学解释的技术关键:(1)发挥地震资料平面与剖面信息的相互约束和补充;(2)将地质体作为三维空间发育的成因体,利用其平面与剖面特征的成因联系指导解释;(3)级次化解释方法,在不同级次上采用针对性的解释方法。将该方法应用于墨西哥湾新近系地震沉积学解释,实现了曲流河点坝复合体内部结构的三维刻画。 相似文献
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河流相砂体的识别预测及其发育演化对古气候变化的响应是当前河流相沉积研究的热点。基于地震沉积学方法,采用三步走的河流相砂体识别预测方法(井震结合建格架→90°相位调整标岩性→切片属性辨砂体),在渤海湾盆地渤中坳陷石臼坨凸起南部(石南)新近系明化镇组下段(简称“明下段”)识别出了顺直和蜿蜒河道砂、河道—堤坝复合体、点砂坝、河口坝、牛轭湖和决口扇6种河流相砂体。依据明下段泥岩颜色,结合藻类种属记录和孢粉记录分析,认为石南地区明下段沉积早期到中期经历了干湿交替→湿润主导的湿润化气候演变; 而明下段沉积中期到晚期经历了湿润主导→干旱主导的干旱化气候演变。润湿化气候演变使得明下段沉积中期河流相砂体宽度和单层厚度减小、弯曲度增大,且带状孤立河道砂体更发育; 而干旱化气候演变使得明下段沉积晚期流相砂体宽度和单层厚度增大、弯曲度减小,且带状河道—溢岸复合带和河口坝砂更发育。研究成果可为其他断陷盆地河流相砂体识别、预测提供参考,对指导构造活动相对较弱的湖盆萎缩期油气勘探实践具有一定的实践价值。 相似文献
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The sequence stratigraphic architecture includes a complex array of stratal geometries with different degrees of stratigraphic significance. The ‘non-unique’ variability of the sequence stratigraphic framework (i.e., stratal geometries which are not diagnostic for the definition of systems tracts and bounding surfaces) is irrelevant to the workflow of sequence stratigraphy. What is relevant is the observation of the ‘unique’ stratal geometries that are diagnostic for the definition of units and surfaces of sequence stratigraphy. In downstream-controlled settings, these unique stratal stacking patterns relate to the forced regressive, normal regressive, and transgressive shoreline trajectories. Multiple controls interact during the formation of each type of stacking pattern, including accommodation, sediment supply, and the energy of the sediment-transport agents. This interplay explains the non-unique variability, but does not change the unique criteria that afford a consistent application of sequence stratigraphy. The distinction between unique and non-unique stratal geometries is critical to the sequence stratigraphic methodology. Failure to rationalize the non-unique variability within the context of unique stratal geometries is counterproductive, and obscures the simple workflow of sequence stratigraphy. This is the case with uncalibrated numerical modeling, which may overemphasize non-unique or even unrealistic stratigraphic scenarios. While useful to test the possible controls on stratigraphic architecture, modeling requires validation with real data, and plays no role in the sequence stratigraphic methodology. 相似文献
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