首页 | 本学科首页   官方微博 | 高级检索  
文章检索
  按 检索   检索词:      
出版年份:   被引次数:   他引次数: 提示:输入*表示无穷大
  收费全文   4068篇
  免费   547篇
  国内免费   624篇
测绘学   210篇
大气科学   173篇
地球物理   1082篇
地质学   1584篇
海洋学   373篇
天文学   1282篇
综合类   346篇
自然地理   189篇
  2024年   2篇
  2023年   26篇
  2022年   78篇
  2021年   65篇
  2020年   147篇
  2019年   124篇
  2018年   110篇
  2017年   119篇
  2016年   129篇
  2015年   136篇
  2014年   175篇
  2013年   254篇
  2012年   185篇
  2011年   238篇
  2010年   247篇
  2009年   324篇
  2008年   331篇
  2007年   349篇
  2006年   298篇
  2005年   308篇
  2004年   248篇
  2003年   229篇
  2002年   174篇
  2001年   151篇
  2000年   146篇
  1999年   110篇
  1998年   112篇
  1997年   67篇
  1996年   58篇
  1995年   60篇
  1994年   39篇
  1993年   39篇
  1992年   39篇
  1991年   27篇
  1990年   24篇
  1989年   10篇
  1988年   17篇
  1987年   7篇
  1986年   6篇
  1985年   13篇
  1984年   3篇
  1983年   1篇
  1980年   2篇
  1979年   5篇
  1978年   2篇
  1977年   3篇
  1954年   2篇
排序方式: 共有5239条查询结果,搜索用时 31 毫秒
1.
利用多源项目获得的补充加密GNSS观测资料计算研究区高空间分辨率的GNSS水平运动速度场和应变率场,采用地震波形资料,通过CAP方法求解震源机制解,在此基础上使用阻尼区域应力反演方法分析川滇地块区域构造应力场的空间分布特征。结合主要断裂的活动特性,综合分析川滇地区的地壳形变特征。结果表明:1)块体浅部的最大主压应力与地表的最大主压应变率由SSE向转变为近SN向,呈现出较好的一致性,GNSS观测至少可反映20 km以内的地壳形变;2)川滇块体南部的东向滑移和顺时针旋转,可能受青藏高原推挤、华南块体阻挡及印度板块与欧亚板块之间北向运动速率自西向东递减而形成的右旋剪切拖拽作用的顺时针力偶的综合影响;3)川滇块体在综合力偶作用下SE向挤出和顺时针旋转的同时,受到走滑逆冲断裂带的吸收转换,使得青藏高原物质SE向挤出有限。  相似文献   
2.
The upper 30 cm of the soil profile, which hosts the majority of the root biomass, can be considered as the shallow agricultural root zone of most temperate crops. The electromagnetic wave velocity in the soil obtained from reflection hyperbolas in ground-penetrating radar (GPR) data can be used to estimate soil moisture (SM). Finding shallow hyperbolas in a radargram and minimizing the subjective error associated with the hyperbola fitting are the main challenges in this approach. Nevertheless, we were motivated by the recent improvements of hyperbola fitting algorithms, which can reduce the subjective error and processing time. To overcome the difficulty of finding very shallow hyperbolas, we applied the hyperbola fitting method to reflections ranging from 27- to 50-cm depth using a 500-MHz centre-frequency GPR and compared the estimated moisture with vertically installed, 30-cm-long time-domain reflectometry (TDR) sensors. We also compared TDR and GPR sample areas in a 2-D plane using different GPR survey types and different hyperbola depths. SM measured with TDR and GPR were not significantly different according to Mann–Whitney's test. Our analyses showed that a root mean square error of 0.03 m3 m−3 was found between the two methods. In conclusion, the proposed method might be suitable to estimate SM with an acceptable accuracy within the root zone if the soil profile is fairly uniform within the application depth range.  相似文献   
3.
为研究高压水射流切割、破碎南海天然气水合物储层的过程,采用著名的LS—DYNA显示动力分析有限元程序,对淹没状态下,水射流破碎海底含水合物沉积物过程进行数值模拟研究,研究了不同射流速度对高压水射流作用下含水合物沉积物破碎效果的影响规律。随着射流速度的增大,冲蚀深度逐渐增大,两者呈线性递增关系。含水合物沉积物冲蚀体积是轴向冲蚀与径向冲蚀共同作用的结果,射流速度越大,对含水合物沉积物的轴向与径向冲蚀作用增强,加大了含水合物沉积物冲蚀体积递增速率。  相似文献   
4.
Fluid injection–induced tensile opening is modeled using an extended finite volume method (XFVM). An embedded fracture strategy is used for the flow problem, that is, the fractures are discretized using finite volume segments without resolving the grid around them. Further, the discontinuities across fractures are modeled using special basis functions. The fracture openings due to enhanced fluid pressure and the associated shear slip due to traction free boundary condition on the fracture segments are both modeled using these special discontinuity basis functions. Mass transfer between fractures and matrix is modeled using the pressure difference. The enhancement of fracture storativity due to tensile opening leads to stronger coupling between flow and mechanics. An iterative scheme relying on the fixed-stress approach for fractures, which conserves the stress dependent terms over each iteration of the flow problem, has been introduced. Tensile opening has been simulated for single fractures embedded in two- and three-dimensional matrices. The convergence criterion for sequentially implicit fixed-stress scheme for fractures embedded in elastic media is established and has been validated numerically. Further, for 2D simulations, the effect of the matrix permeability for fracture propagation due to tensile opening has been studied.  相似文献   
5.
Emplacement of small‐volume (<0·1 km3) pyroclastic flows is significantly influenced by topography. The Arico ignimbrite on Tenerife (Canary Islands) is a characteristic small‐volume pyroclastic flow deposit emplaced on high relief topography. The pyroclastic flow flowed down pre‐existing valleys on the southern slopes of the island. In proximal areas deep (up to 100 m) valleys acted as efficient conduits for the pyroclastic flow, which was mostly channelled; in this particular area the ignimbrite corresponds to a homogeneous, moderately welded deposit, consisting of flattened pumices in an abundant ashy matrix with a relatively low lithic fragment content. In intermediate zones significant changes occur in the steepness of the slope and, although still channelled, here the pyroclastic flow was influenced by hydraulic jumps. In this area, two different units can be clearly distinguished in the ignimbrite: the lower unit is composed of a lithic‐rich ground‐layer deposit that formed at the turbulent, highly concentrated head of the flow; the upper unit consists of a well welded pumice‐rich deposit that occasionally reveals a basal layer formed by shearing with the lower part. This division into two units is maintained as far as distal areas near the present‐day coastline, where the slope is very gentle or null and the ignimbrite is not channelled. The ground layer is not found in distal areas. The ignimbrite here only consists of the upper unit, which is occasionally repeated due to a surging process provoked by the lower flow speed, as the pyroclastic flow spread out of the channelled zone. A theoretical model on how topography controlled the deposition of the Arico ignimbrite is derived by interpreting the observed lithological and sedimentological variations in terms of changes in topography and bedrock morphology. This new model is of general applicability and will help to explain other deposits of similar characteristics.  相似文献   
6.
频率域海洋可控源电磁垂直各向异性三维反演   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1       下载免费PDF全文
地层宏观电性各向异性会对可控源电磁响应产生重要影响.由于海底地层电性结构常表现为电导率各向异性,若仅对海洋可控源电磁(MCSEM)数据进行常规各向同性反演,有可能无法获得准确的反演解释结果,从而削弱MCSEM技术的可靠性.本文实现了电导率垂直各向异性(VTI)条件下频率域海洋可控源电磁数据三维反演算法.其中,三维正演采用基于二次场控制方程的交错网格有限体积法,并利用直接矩阵分解技术来求解离散所得的大型线性方程组,有利于快速计算多场源的响应.反演采用具有近似二次收敛性的高斯牛顿算法对目标函数进行最优化.最后,对具有VTI电性各向异性特征的盐丘构造模型的MCSEM合成数据分别进行了电导率各向同性和垂直各向异性三维反演,结果表明:各向同性三维反演算法无法对受VTI介质影响的MCSEM数据进行正确的反演解释,而垂直各向异性三维反演能够获得更为可靠的地下电阻率结构和异常体分布,展现出对海底电性各向异性结构更为优良的反演解释能力.  相似文献   
7.
The thermophysics of asteroids has become an important frontier for the research of asteroids in recent years. In this paper, we have introduced the thermophysical models commonly used in this field, by using these thermophysical models and combining with the data observed by the space or ground-based IR telescopes, some thermophysical parameters of asteroids, such as the thermal inertia, geometric albedo, effective diameter, surface roughness, and surface temperature, etc., can be derived. We have mentioned also the shape model and IR observation of asteroids, as well as the obtained thermophysical parameters for a part of asteroids. These thermophysical parameters can be further applied to studying the asteroids’ Yarkovsky effect, YORP effect, and so on, even can provide the relevant information for the spacecraft landing on the asteroid surface and the return mission of a spacecraft after the asteroid sampling.  相似文献   
8.
以2017-09-08墨西哥8.1 级地震为例,分析14个PBO综合钻孔应变仪和地震仪同址记录的地震波信号,结果表明,应变仪记录的地震波符合射线传播规律。对不同震中距的站点进行基于S变换的应变仪与地震仪的同震响应特征分析,二者同震响应一致性较好,应变仪频段主要在0.25 Hz以下。取震后1 h应变数据进行分析发现,同震阶段应变主方向指向震中。  相似文献   
9.
运用SPSS中聚类及PCA方法对湖北省7个台站三类基线(石英管、铟钢棒、铟钢管)洞体应变观测记录进行相关统计分析,归纳总结其潮汐参数变化特征差异,并针对观测中自然环境因素影响进行定量分析。结果显示:(1)三类基线中,铟钢棒类M2波潮汐因子、中误差及M1波相对噪声水平较低,铟钢棒管年均漂移量最小;(2)自然环境因素(气压、降水、雷雨、温度)对湖北地区洞体应变观测影响较为显著,等量气压影响下应变量最小的为铟钢管型,等量温度影响下应变量最小的为铟钢棒型。  相似文献   
10.
研究帕米尔高原的构造变形特征对于理解印度板块向北推挤过程中的应变分配方式以及应力转换模式具有重要的意义.本文利用区域GPS应变场、地震应变场与震源应力场分析帕米尔高原的构造形变特征.主要结论为:(1)该区域变形主要以NNW-SSE或近N-S向的挤压为主,在高原内部伴有明显的近ENE-WSW或E-W向拉张,应力方向在帕米尔高原与塔吉克盆地区域呈现逆时针旋转的趋势,而在塔里木盆地则显示几乎与帕米尔高原的一致的应力状态,这可能与两侧盆地块体的强度差异有关.(2)安德森断层参数A∅显示帕米尔高原北缘与西侧区域为逆断层应力状态,在高原内部为正断层应力状态,这与GPS应变的结果显示的应变主要集中在主帕米尔断裂与阿莱谷地附近而在高原内部应变较低是一致的,另外应力在喀喇昆仑断裂北段的方向基本平行于断层走向,以及断层北端较低的滑动速率,这说明了地壳挤压缩短可能是帕米尔高原主要的的构造变形特征,并不支持由于边界走滑断裂导致的应变分异或者块体挤出的模式.(3)综合考虑地震应变方向与SHmax从帕米尔北部NNW-SSE方向到天山北部的近N-S方向的转换,GPS应变方向在帕米尔高原两侧盆地都存在不同程度的旋转,应力场安德森参数A∅显示的应力状态以及SKS的结果显示的近ENE-WSW方向,我们认为印度板块向北推挤与天山造山带碰撞导致帕米尔高原不对称的径向逆冲是帕米尔高原现今构造变形的主要成因与构造模式.  相似文献   
设为首页 | 免责声明 | 关于勤云 | 加入收藏

Copyright©北京勤云科技发展有限公司  京ICP备09084417号