排序方式： 共有5条查询结果，搜索用时 0 毫秒
1
1.
Food web structures are well known to vary widely among ecosystems. Moreover, many food web studies of lakes have generally attempted to characterize the overall food web structure and have largely ignored internal spatial and environmental variations. In this study, we hypothesize that there is a high degree of spatial heterogeneity within an ecosystem and such heterogeneity may lead to strong variations in environmental conditions and resource availability, in turn resulting in dif ferent trophic pathways. Stable carbon and nitrogen isotopes were employed for the whole food web to describe the structure of the food web in different sub-basins within Taihu Lake. This lake is a large eutrophic freshwater lake that has been intensively managed and highly influenced by human activities for more than 50 years. The results show significant isotopic dif ferences between basins with dif ferent environmental characteristics. Such differences likely result from isotopic baseline dif ferences combining with a shift in food web structure. Both are related to local spatial heterogeneity in nutrient loading in waters. Such variation should be explicitly considered in future food web studies and ecosystem-based management in this lake ecosystem. 相似文献
2.
为了探究可转化态氮(transformable total nitrogen, TTN)的影响因素及其释放潜力, 本文采用分级浸取的方法将渤海表层沉积物中的氮分为离子交换态氮(ion exchange nitrogen, IEF-N)、弱酸可浸取态氮(weak acid extractable nitrogen, WAEF-N)、强碱可浸取态氮(strong alkali extractable nitrogen, SAEF-N)、强氧化剂可浸取态氮(strong oxidizer extractable nitrogen, SOEF-N)和非转化态氮(non-transformable nitrogen, NTN), 研究了沉积物粒径和有机质等对释放氮量的影响, 探讨了沉积物中TTN的释放对上覆水中溶解无机氮(dissolved inorganic nitrogen, DIN)和叶绿素a (Chl a)的影响。结果表明, 各TTN的含量顺序为SOEF-N>SAEF-N>IEF-N>WAEF-N, 释放量为IEF-N>SAEF-N>SOEF-N>WAEF-N, 释放比例为IEF-N>WAEF-N>SAEF-N>SOEF-N, 分别有69.83%的IEF-N、64.93%的WAEF-N、56.27%的SAEF-N、29.56%的SOEF-N将再次释放。Pearson相关性分析结果显示, 沉积物中SOEF-N的释放量与粉砂含量呈负相关, 而与砂含量呈正相关; SOEF-N的释放量与上覆水中的 Chl a和溶解无机氮(dissolved inorganic nitrogen, DIN)均呈负相关, 说明SOEF-N的释放对上覆水中Chl a和DIN的影响较小, 而表层和底层水的Chl a和DIN分别具有极强的正相关关系(r=0.803, P<0.01; r=0.831, P<0.01), 这可能意味着研究区域内的水柱没有出现明显的分层。 相似文献
3.
食物资源对海洋动物的生存和繁衍至关重要。海洋动物的营养生态位描述了其在海洋生态系统中的生态地位及功能, 对分析种间关系和资源分配模式、了解群落结构与功能具有重要的指示作用。本文在整理近30年来国内外相关研究的基础上, 系统归纳了当前海洋动物营养生态位研究的主要方法(胃含物分析、整体组织稳定同位素分析、脂肪酸组成分析和特定化合物稳定同位素分析)及其应用领域, 着重归纳总结了量化营养生态位宽度和重叠的生态模型, 并分析了各营养生态位评估方法的优势和局限性。同时在此基础上, 对今后研究方向提出了展望, 以期为我国海洋动物摄食生态学相关研究工作提供参考。 相似文献
4.
柔鱼亚科(Ommastrephinae)近缘种鸢乌贼(Sthenoteuthisoualaniensis)和茎柔鱼(Dosidicus gigas)为重要的大洋性经济头足类,二者在东太平洋赤道海域均有分布。研究以同一航次捕获的两种头足类为研究对象,结合传统胃含物分析和DNA条形码技术对二者食物组成及其差异开展研究,以分析同域近缘头足类间的摄食习性及差异。结果表明,鸢乌贼和茎柔鱼均以鱼类、头足类和甲壳类为主要食物来源,ANOVA显示,两者在Shannon多样性指数和饵料生物头足类和鱼类N%上均存在显著差异, SIMPER分析进一步表明,种间胃含物组成差异最主要体现在鱼类的种类组成和个数百分比上。研究结论直观反映了同域近缘头足类物种食物特化的现象,为后续探究头足类近缘种共存机制提供了数据支持。 相似文献
5.
The relationship between body size and stable isotopic signatures of the omnivorous Redfin Culter(C ultrichthys erythropterus),commonly found in East Lake Taihu,was investigated. Previous analyses of C. erythropterus stomach contents have shown that this species undergoes a diet switch from being predominantly zooplanktivorous to piscivorous during its life history. This was confirmed by stable carbon isotopic signature(δ 13 C) in this study,in which δ 13 C was positively correlated with both standard length and weight. The importance of littoral-benthic resources in supporting C. erythropterus during its lifespan was also demonstrated using a two-source mixing model,the results of which showed a significant increasing trend in the contribution of littoral-benthic energy. However,the stable nitrogen isotopic signature(δ 15N) exhibited an unusual pattern compared with previous studies. The δ 15 N of C. erythropterus showed no relationship with body size,even though dietary changes were observed. This indicated that δ 15 N alone cannot fully reflect a diet shift in a species and possible variability in isotopic signatures over its life history. This should be considered when using stable isotopic signatures to investigate intra-specific variations and the timing of life-history events,such as estimating the trophic positions of fish species. 相似文献
1