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本文将海洋长波运动中的流速水平分量,表示为垂直平均流速与“偏差流速”之和,导出平均流速、水位、偏差流速和界面应力的联合方程组,用以研究长波运动的水位和三维流场,并用此法求解了气压潮的非线性解析解,对非线性效应和共振现象作了讨论。 相似文献
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浅水波的Boussinesq方程组是弱频散的、非线性的,它与Kdv方程有一定联系,但并不等价。本文给出这个方程组的一个孤立波精确解。它含有两个方向传播的孤立波,其一阶近似包括了Kdv方程的精确解,而零阶近似则为波峰处导数不连续的奇异解。 相似文献
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迄今为止,天文潮波和气象潮相互作用的理论研究均局限于自由波的非线性效应。 本文试图对自由潮波和受迫气象潮波的相互作用作一探讨。作者求出的非线性精确解用于给出自由天文潮波与受迫气象潮波的零级解析解。 结果表明强迫波中心处非线性效应最大。强迫波中心遇到高潮时其增水小于强迫波中心遇到低潮时的增水,并且前者增水曲线更为平缓。因此,当强迫波中心与高潮相遇时,增水的时间往往持续得更长一些。 相似文献
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高分辨率的数据对于理解近海的复杂过程以及制定有效的管理措施日益重要，特别是考虑到恶劣气象的长期效应。这种长期效应的积累可以与潮汐的长期效应一样重要。本文讨论的即是一个大气锋面过境的过程对于Vermilion Bay水输运的影响。我们的研究采用了有人船和自制的无人船作为载具来测量流速剖面。这种自制无人船造价低廉、简单实用、可控性好，可以做比有人船更精确的测量。我们采用安装在这些观测载具上的多普勒流速剖面仪在一个潮周期内反复对流速的横向和垂向断面的水通量做高分辨率的精准测量，然后与一个定点的多普勒流速剖面仪的流速做相关分析得出相关系数。利用所求相关系数把水通量的计算扩展到总共717天的定点观测时间段，以此讨论在这个期间最强的一次大气寒潮过境时产生的水输运并阐述此类过程的重要性。 相似文献
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本文求出了旋转地球流体的f平面浅水波方程组的一个非线性精确解.这是一个处处连续、分片光滑的凹形孤立波,在波谷处为一尖点（奇异点）,其移速比长波速度gh1/2略小,为（1+a/h）（gh（1+a/h））1/2,其中a<0.其水平尺度与水深几乎无关. 相似文献
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The effects of hurricane forward speed(V) and approach angle(θ) on storm surge are important and a systematic investigation covering possible and continuous ranges of these parameters has not been done before. Here we present such a study with a numerical experiment using the Finite Volume Community Ocean Model(FVCOM).The hurricane track is simplified as a straight line, such that V and θ fully define the motion of the hurricane. The maximum surge is contributed by both free waves and a forced storm surge wave moving with the hurricane.Among the free waves, Kelvin-type waves can only propagate in the down-coast direction. Simulations show that those waves can only have a significant positive storm surge when the hurricane velocity has a down-coast component. The optimal values of V and θ that maximize the storm surge in an idealized semi-circular ocean basin are functions of the bathymetry. For a constant bathymetry, the maximum surge occurs when the hurricane approaches the coast from the normal direction when the free wave generation is minimal; for a stepped bathymetry, the maximum surge occurs at a certain acute approach angle which maximizes the duration of persistent wind forcing; a step-like bathymetry with a sloped shelf is similar to the stepped bathymetry, with the added possibility of landfall resonance when the free and forced waves are moving at about the same velocity. For other cases, the storm surge is smaller, given other parameters(hurricane size, maximum wind speed, etc.)unchanged. 相似文献
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Estuarine processes in the arctic lagoons are among the least studied but important subjects, especially considering the rapid warming of arctic water which may change the length of ice-free period in the summer. In this paper, wind-driven exchange flows in the micro-tidal Elson Lagoon of northern Alaska with multiple inlets of contrasting widths and depths are studied with in situ observations, statistical analysis, numerical experiments, a regression model on the basis of dynamics, and remote sensing data. Water velocity profiles were obtained from a bottom deployed acoustic Doppler current profiler(ADCP) in the northwestern Eluitkak Pass connecting the Beaufort Sea to the Elson Lagoon during a 4.9 day ice-free period in the summer of 2013. The subtidal flow is found correlated with wind(R~2 value ～96%). Frequently occurring east, northeast and north winds from the arctic atmospheric high-and low-pressure systems push water from the Beaufort Sea into the lagoon through the wide inlets on the eastern side of the lagoon, resulting in an outward flow against the wind at the narrow northwestern inlet. The counter-wind flow is a result of an uneven wind forcing acting through the asymmetric inlets and depth,an effect of "torque" or vorticity. Under northwest wind, the exchange flow at the northwestern inlet reverses its direction, with inward flows through the upwind northwestern inlet and outward flows through the downwind eastern inlets. A regression model is established based on the momentum equations and Taylor series expansions. The model is used to predict flows in July and August of 2015 and July of 2017, supported by available Landsat satellite images. About 73%–80% of the time the flows at Eluitkak Pass are out of Elson Lagoon for the summer of 2015 and 2017. Numerical experiments are conducted to corroborate the findings and illustrate the effects under various wind conditions. A quasi-steady state balance between wind force and surface pressure gradient is confirmed. 相似文献
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东南沿海台风风暴潮增水过程中非线性机制和地形的作用研究:以1509号台风"灿鸿"为例 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
本文基于FVCOM（Finite Volume Community Ocean Model）构建了一个覆盖中国渤海、黄海和东海的数值模型，采用NCEP-CFSR风场数据对1509号台风“灿鸿”产生的风暴潮进行模拟，与实测水位数据的对比表明该模型可靠、模拟结果合理。基于此模型，本文对非线性作用和地形在风暴潮增水过程中的作用进行了研究。首先，重点分析了增水过程中潮汐与风暴潮的非线性作用，结果表明：高潮时非线性作用使增水值降低；低潮时非线性作用使增水值升高。另外，开边界处分别只添加M2、S2和K1分潮，分析天文潮的潮高和周期对非线性作用的影响，结果表明：潮高越高，非线性作用越明显；半日潮的非线性作用较全日潮更明显；并且，增水极值附近出现的半日周期的波动也与非线性作用有关。其次，除了非线性作用，地形对风暴潮的增水也有一定影响，本文改变地形的实验结果表明：坡度越大，增水极值越小。琉球群岛的存在使得东南沿海出现风暴潮增水的面积减小，但使得风暴潮增水的高值区域扩大。 相似文献
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Knowledge of the sediment flux derived from different sources is critical for interpreting the sedimentary records associated with large river sedimentary systems. For the Changjiang River system, previous studies hardly focused on the sediment load from the adjacent Zhoushan Archipelago(ZA). Based on four prediction models, aiming to improve the understanding of the sediment load from the ZA during the Holocene, we show that the predicted sediment flux of the ZA ranges from ~0.7 to 26.5 Mt·yr~(-1), with an average value of 10.7 Mt·yr~(-1), and the islands with a relatively large area or high relief contribute greatly to the total flux. This sediment load is an order of magnitude lower than that of the Changjiang River, but it is similar to those of the local small rivers. Located in the core area of the southward dispersal path of the Changjiang River plume, the ZA also influences the sediment transport into Hangzhou Bay and over the Zhejiang-Fujian coastal seas. On the Holocene temporal scale, e.g., for the period from 6 ka BP to 2 ka BP, the sediments discharged from the ZA had a considerable effect on the shelf sedimentary system. This study provides evidence for an important role an archipelago can play in terms of sediment supply and transport in coastal and inner continental shelf regions. 相似文献