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为研究斑石鲷(Oplegnathus punctatus)早期发育阶段的生长规律及重要器官的异速生长模式,作者运用实验生态学方法,测定了斑石鲷仔稚幼鱼(0~70日龄)全长和体质量随日龄的变化规律。结果显示,全长、体质量与日龄的关系均符合Cubic函数,随日龄的生长曲线表现为S型。斑石鲷全长和体质量的生长可分为3个阶段,不同阶段的生长率存在显著差异(P0.05)。斑石鲷的头长、眼径、吻长、口裂、体高、尾鳍长等重要外部形态学指标均存在异速生长规律,其生长拐点依次为35日龄(全长20.32 mm)、22日龄(全长13.17 mm)、29日龄(全长16.63 mm)、30日龄(全长15.50 mm)、32日龄(全长19.79 mm)、32日龄(全长19.79 mm)。相对于全长,头长、吻长、口裂在拐点前后由正异速生长变为等速生长;眼径、尾鳍由正异速生长转为负异速生长;而体高在0~70日龄为正异速生长,但拐点之后已明显变缓。研究表明斑石鲷通过异速生长,确保与其基本生存能力相关的功能器官优先发育,以适应复杂多变的生存环境,并相应地提高了仔稚鱼的存活率,对鱼苗培育具有重要的指导意义。 相似文献
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为探明斑石鲷(Oplegnathus punctatus)消化系统的形态特征和组织学结构,助力斑石鲷的人工繁育及养殖技术研发,作者采用形态解剖学和组织学切片技术对斑石鲷消化系统进行了实验研究。研究发现斑石鲷的消化道共由6部分组成,从头至尾依次是口咽腔、食道、胃、幽门盲囊、小肠、直肠。斑石鲷的口咽腔内部空间大,颌齿内部彼此连接、外部愈合,呈现典型的鹦鹉喙状,咽齿呈扁平的圆盾状,于上下颌齿内侧上下对称分布,这样复合结构(喙状颌齿与圆盾状咽齿)使得斑石鲷能够轻易地碾碎甲壳动物的外壳,进而完成摄食。斑石鲷的食道短粗,黏膜层密布具纵褶,内部含有丰富的杯状细胞,能够协助斑石鲷吞咽食物。胃部呈典型的不对称V型,黏膜层下分布着密集的胃腺,幽门部拥有整个消化道最厚实的肌肉层,摄取的食物将在这里完成消化和分解。斑石鲷的小肠分为前肠、中肠、后肠3部分,管径大小逐次递减,黏膜层上肠绒毛的密度和长度也遵同样的规律,从结构可以推断出斑石鲷肠道吸收功能主要集中于前中肠。直肠管径与小肠前肠段接近,长度很短仅为小肠的1/7,相比小肠部分,肠绒毛更加稀疏,绒毛长度也更短,主要承担消化残留物的压缩排泄和水分与微量元素的重吸收,相对简单结构对应着相对简单的功能。 相似文献
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High temperature influences the homeostasis of fish.We investigated the effects of elevated temperature on tissues of Japanese flounder {Paralichthys olivaceus) by analyzing the histology and heat shock protein 70(hsp70) expression of fish reared in warm conditions.In this study,temperature was increased at l±0.5℃/day starting at 24±0.5℃,and was kept at that temperature for 5 days before the next rise.After raising temperature at the rate up to 32±0.5℃,tissue samples from midgut,spleen,stomach,liver,muscle,gill,heart,trunk kidney and brain were collected for histological analysis and mRNA assay.Almost all the tissues showed changes in morphological structure and hsp70 level at 32±0.5℃.Histological assessment of the tissues indicated that the gill had the most serious damage,including highly severe epithelial lifting and edema,curved tips and hyperemia at the ending of the lamellars,desquamation and necrosis.The next most severe damage was found in liver and kidney.The hsp70 levels in all the tissues first increased and then decreased.The gut,stomach,muscle,heart,and brain had the highest expressions in 6 h,whereas the spleen,liver,gill and kidney had the highest expressions in 2 h.Therefore,tissues with the most significant lesions(especially gill and liver) responded much earlier(2 h) in hsp70 expression than other tissues,and these tissues demonstrated the most marked histological disruption and elevated mRNA levels,making them ideal candidates for further studies on the thermal physiology of this species. 相似文献
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