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从患"摇头病"清溪乌鳖(Pelodiscus sinensis nigrum)的肝脏、脾脏、肾脏、肺组织中分离得到1株细菌。菌落为圆形乳白色凸起,融蜡状,表面光滑,边缘清晰整齐;对该菌进行染色镜检可见其为革兰氏阳性杆菌,呈单个或链状排列。结合生理生化检测结果、16S rDNA基因和gyrB基因和rpoB基因序列分析以及系统进化树结果,该菌株为蜡样芽孢杆菌群(Bacillus cereus group)内新种。用不同浓度的分离菌腹腔注射感染健康的清溪乌鳖,观察发现死亡的清溪乌鳖出现与自然发病鳖相似的症状且从病鳖内脏中可分离得到同样的菌;经统计和计算,其LD_(50)为2.42×10~5 CFU/kg体重。应用纸片扩散法对14种常用抗菌药物进行药敏试验,结果显示,分离菌对头孢氨苄、氟苯尼考、强力霉素、恩诺沙星、氧氟沙星五种药物敏感;对利福平、头孢他啶则耐药。本研究为清溪乌鳖细菌性病原的报道,旨在为该病的确诊与防治提供科学依据和参考。  相似文献   
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The present study compared vertebral deformities of hatchery-reared and wild-caught juvenile Japanese flounder,Paralichthys olivaceus.A total of 362 hatchery-reared flounder(total length 122.5-155.8 mm) were collected from three commercial hatcheries located in Yantai,East China,and 89 wild fish(total length 124.7-161.3 mm) were caught off Yangma Island near Yantai City(37°27′N,121°36′E).All the fish were dissected,photographed,and images of the axial skeleton were examined for vertebral deformities.Compared with wild-caught flounder in which no deformed vertebrae were detected,48(13.3%) hatcheryreared fish had deformed vertebrae.The deformities were classified as compression,compression-ankylosis,and dislocation-ankylosis.The vertebral deformities were mainly localized between post-cranial vertebra 1and 3,with vertebrae number 1 as the most commonly deformed.The causative factors leading to vertebral deformities in reared Japanese flounder may be related to unfavorable temperature conditions,inflammation,damage,or rupture to the intervertebral ligaments under rearing conditions.Furthermore,no significant difference in the total number of vertebral bodies was observed between wild-caught(38.8±0.4) and hatchery-reared flounder(38.l±0.9)(P0.05).However,the number of vertebral bodies of hatchery-reared and wild-caught flounder ranged from 35 to 39 and from 38 to 39,respectively.  相似文献   
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