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大西洋鲑在封闭循环水养殖模式下的生长和性腺发育研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本研究探讨了在封闭循环水养殖模式下大西洋鲑(Salmosalar)的生长发育模式,对封闭循环水系统养殖的大西洋鲑重要生长数量性状进行生物学测量,并跟踪性腺发育状况。本研究自2012年1月通过封闭循环水系统进行大西洋鲑养殖,经过周年养殖,体质量平均达到1194.42g,体长平均达到417.00 mm,体高平均达到100.58 mm,体宽平均达到53.52 mm,少数个体在养殖10个月后性腺发育较快,性腺质量达到9.76 g,性腺指数达到1.31%。本研究的研究结果为建立大西洋鲑标准化循环水养殖系统积累资料。 相似文献
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Oplegnathus fasciatus (rock bream) is a commercial rocky reef fish species in East Asia that has been considered for aquaculture. We estimated the population genetic diversity and population structure of the species along the coastal waters of China using fluorescent-amplified fragment length polymorphisms technology. Using 53 individuals from three populations and four pairs of selective primers, we amplified 1 264 bands, 98.73% of which were polymorphic. The Zhoushan population showed the highest Nei’s genetic diversity and Shannon genetic diversity. The results of analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) showed that 59.55% of genetic variation existed among populations and 40.45% occurred within populations, which indicated that a significant population genetic structure existed in the species. The pairwise fixation index F st ranged from 0.20 to 0.63 and were significant after sequential Bonferroni correction. The topology of an unweighted pair group method with arithmetic mean tree showed two significant genealogical branches corresponding to the sampling locations of North and South China. The AMOVA and STRUCTURE analyses suggested that the O. fasciatus populations examined should comprise two stocks. 相似文献
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为研究孕激素在大菱鲆(Scophthalmus maximus)精原细胞增殖到减数分裂过程中的作用,以6~22月龄的大菱鲆精巢为材料,通过组织学方法和定量amh、sycp3基因确定精原细胞增殖期和减数分裂期的大菱鲆精巢发育过程。通过酶联免疫吸附技术(ELISA)检测6~22月龄雄性大菱鲆血清中的孕酮(P4)和17α,20β,双羟孕酮(DHP)含量变化,利用q RT-PCR技术和原位杂交技术检测孕酮核受体(pgr)和膜受体(m PRα)在不同组织和不同发育时期的表达情况。结果表明孕激素在精原细胞增殖期高表达,开始出现初级精母细胞时降低,在精子细胞数量增加时表达量再次升高,在精子细胞变态形成精子时降低。pgr在减数分裂初期定位于精巢中的sertoli细胞,在精原细胞增殖至减数分裂期表达量逐渐增加,出现精子后显著降低;m PRα在精原细胞增殖和初级精母细胞增加时表达量都很低,在精子细胞不断增加时显著增加。推测在精原细胞增殖和减数分裂阶段孕激素可能主要通过调节pgr的表达量来促进精巢发育,而在减数分裂II期pgr和m PRα都发挥作用,在精子细胞变态成熟时,主要是m PRα发挥作用。 相似文献
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为了解硬骨鱼许氏平鲉精子体内受精以及精子在雌性体内保持长期存活的特性，本研究应用扫描电镜与透射电镜对体内受精卵胎生硬骨鱼许氏平鲉与体外受精卵生大菱鲆的精子进行超微结构观察，并使用计算机精子分析系统比较精子激活后运动参数差异。结果显示，这两种鱼的精子均由头部，中段和尾部构成，无顶体，尾部轴丝为“9+2”微管结构。许氏平鲉精子特点：头部呈短棒状，细胞核呈长锥状；中段不对称，约30—40个线粒体呈垛叠状紧密排列在中段；轴丝质膜延伸形成的侧鳍较为发达。大菱鲆精子特点：头部呈椭圆形，头部和鞭毛结构松散，含有大量囊泡状结构；精子中段较短，向外突出的线粒体包裹鞭毛形成“半袖套”结构且尾部鞭毛侧鳍不发达。许氏平鲉精子密度和体外激活寿命均显著高于大菱鲆精子，而激活后精子的平均曲线速度（VCL）、平均直线运动速度（VSL）、平均路径速度（VAP）显著低于大菱鲆精子。研究表明，上述精子结构差异主要表现在精子头部与中段：体内受精硬骨鱼精子大多具有细长的头部，发达的中段，线粒体数量较多；体外受精硬骨鱼具有圆形或椭圆形的头部，中部不明显，线粒体较少。 相似文献
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Turbots( Schophthalmus maximus), one of the most important economic marine flatfish species, fail to undergo final spawning and spermiation naturally under artificial farming conditions. In vertebrates, reproduction is regulated by the brain-pituitary-gonadal axis(BPG-axis), and gonadotropin releasing hormone(GnRH) is one of its key components. Therefore, to better understand the physiology of reproduction in the turbot, three of the genes encoding GnRH subtypes— sbGnRH, c GnRH-II and sGnRH —were cloned and sequenced by isolating the cDNA sequences. The localizations and patterns of expression of their mRNAs were also evaluated during seasonal gonadal development. All three mRNAs were expressed abundantly in the brain; sbGnRH and sGnRH mRNAs were also detected in the gonads and pituitary gland, and sbGnRH expression was much higher than that of sGnRH, indicating the critical role of sbGnRH in regulating the BPG-axis. Moreover, the brain expression patterns of sbGnRH and sGnRH mRNAs showed an increased trend during gonadal development, peaking in mature stages. This indicated the direct regulation of gonadal development by the GnRH system. In addition, c GnRH-II mRNA expression showed no significant variations, suggesting that c GnRH-II is not critically involved in the control of reproduction. Further, the mRNA abundances of the three GnRH forms in the breeding season were significantly higher than those in immature and post-breeding stages in all analyzed brain areas. Therefore, we propose that sbGnRH is the most important hormone for the regulation of reproduction in turbot via the BPG-axis. These results will help in better understanding the reproductive endocrine mechanisms of turbots and lay the groundwork for additional studies aimed at comparing the reproductive physiology of wild individuals with those raised under artificial conditions. 相似文献
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斑石鲷(Oplegnathus punctatus)雌、雄鱼核型及Ag-NORs带型分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为研究斑石鲷雌、雄鱼染色体的形态与结构,本文采用植物血球凝集素(PHA)及秋水仙碱体内注射法,取头肾细胞采用冷滴片结合空气干燥的方法获取了斑石鲷雌、雄鱼染色体的中期分裂相,分别对其进行了常规的吉姆萨和硝酸银染色并进行核型和带型分析。结果显示:(1)雄性斑石鲷核型为2n=47、1m+2sm+44t、NF=50,雌性斑石鲷核型为2n=48、2sm+46t、NF=50。(2)斑石鲷雌、雄鱼染色体相对长度分别为(2.30±0.37)—(6.87±0.42)及(2.28±0.30)—(10.33±0.86),雄性斑石鲷具有一条体型巨大的异形中部着丝粒染色体,其相对长度达到其它染色体的2—5倍。(3)染色体经银染后,发现含有2个Ag-NORs位点的分裂相最多,位点位于一对亚中部着丝粒染色体短臂末端,呈短棒状,且具有活性异形现象。(4)本研究中雄性斑石鲷具有一条异形性染色体,可能是性染色体Y,我们推测其染色体的性别决定类型可能为X1X1X2X2/X1X2Y型。本研究为鲈形目鱼类的细胞遗传学研究提供了基础资料,并将为进一步开展斑石鲷遗传育种等研究奠定基础。 相似文献
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High temperature influences the homeostasis of fish.We investigated the effects of elevated temperature on tissues of Japanese flounder {Paralichthys olivaceus) by analyzing the histology and heat shock protein 70(hsp70) expression of fish reared in warm conditions.In this study,temperature was increased at l±0.5℃/day starting at 24±0.5℃,and was kept at that temperature for 5 days before the next rise.After raising temperature at the rate up to 32±0.5℃,tissue samples from midgut,spleen,stomach,liver,muscle,gill,heart,trunk kidney and brain were collected for histological analysis and mRNA assay.Almost all the tissues showed changes in morphological structure and hsp70 level at 32±0.5℃.Histological assessment of the tissues indicated that the gill had the most serious damage,including highly severe epithelial lifting and edema,curved tips and hyperemia at the ending of the lamellars,desquamation and necrosis.The next most severe damage was found in liver and kidney.The hsp70 levels in all the tissues first increased and then decreased.The gut,stomach,muscle,heart,and brain had the highest expressions in 6 h,whereas the spleen,liver,gill and kidney had the highest expressions in 2 h.Therefore,tissues with the most significant lesions(especially gill and liver) responded much earlier(2 h) in hsp70 expression than other tissues,and these tissues demonstrated the most marked histological disruption and elevated mRNA levels,making them ideal candidates for further studies on the thermal physiology of this species. 相似文献
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大菱鲆精子运动特征与精液pH的相关性研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为探究大菱鲆(Scophthalmus maximus)精液质量与pH的关系及甘油对大菱鲆精子激活的影响,本研究通过计算机辅助精子分析系统分析检测了威海和烟台4家大菱鲆育苗场(A、B、C、D)的精子质量。研究发现,不同育苗场的大菱鲆精子活力存在显著的差异,A2A1DCB,精子预测寿命分别为11.7、7.1、6.8、4.6、3.3 min,所取精子的质量的存在显著差异。研究结果发现,大菱鲆精子运动特性与精子活化率相关性显著,其中精子活化率与平均曲线运动速度、平均直线运动速度、平均路径速度、精子头侧摆幅度、精子平均鞭打频率呈显著正相关(P0.05),与运动直线性、运动摆动性、运动前向性等参数无显著相关性;大菱鲆精子运动特性受pH影响显著,精液pH与平均曲线运动速度、平均直线运动速度、平均路径速度、精子头侧摆幅度、精子平均鞭打频率呈显著正相关(P0.05),而与运动直线性、运动摆动性、运动前向性等参数无显著相关性。同时还发现,精子活化率高、寿命长的大菱鲆精液pH偏弱碱性(pH=8.0),即大菱鲆精子适宜在弱碱性环境中活动。除此之外,向激活海水中加入梯度甘油(0.1、1、10、100、500、1 000 mmol/L),发现可以显著提高大菱鲆精子寿命,其中甘油浓度为100 mmol/L时,精子寿命延长至15.17 min±0.29 min,推测甘油在精子激活后可能被精子吸收并氧化分解提供能量。 相似文献
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为探讨水深对工厂化流水养殖水环境的影响,本实验将9 000尾初始体质量为141.62±24.47 g的大菱鲆(Scophthalmus maximus)按照低水深(20 cm)、中水深(40 cm)、高水深(60 cm)条件分为3个不同养殖水深组,实验周期为80 d。实验期间,跟踪检测长期和特定时期(投喂后8 h内)不同养殖水深水体中总氨氮(TAN)、亚硝酸盐(NO2--N)、固体悬浮物(SS)、化学需氧量(COD)等参数,并在实验结束时对大菱鲆成活率、体质量、饲料系数水平进行测量。研究表明,水池内水流速度与水深呈负相关,但各组间无显著性差异。高水深组的固体悬浮物含量显著(P<0.05)低于其他两组,低水深组的化学需氧量显著(P<0.05)低于其他两组,各水深组中氨氮、亚硝酸盐都在大菱鲆幼鱼安全浓度范围内,且无显著性差异。在投喂后,固体悬浮物含量在各水深组中呈先升高后降低趋势,其中低水深组波动最大。氨氮含量在投喂后3 h开始上升,其中低水深组涨幅最大。各水深组中化学需氧量随着投喂时间延长而逐渐积累,而亚硝酸盐含量基本保持不变。实验结束,低水深组中大菱鲆增质量率、特定生长率、体质量变异系数均显著(P<0.05)高于高水深组,而存活率、肥满度、饲料系数在各组之间没有显著差异。研究结果显示,增加水深有利于提高养殖水环境水质恶化的缓冲能力。在保证养殖系统水质指标安全的前提下,低水深在大菱鲆工厂化流水养殖中是一个可行的方案。 相似文献
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