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1.
Arsenic contamination caused by roxarsone transformation with spatiotemporal variation of microbial community structure in a column experiment 下载免费PDF全文
Liu Ya-ci Zhang Zhao-ji Zhao Xin-yi Wen Meng-tuo Cao Sheng-wei Li Ya-song 《地下水科学与工程》2021,9(4):304-316
Arsenic contamination from roxarsone in livestock manure is common, and livestock manure continuously accumulates in the open environment. Evaluations of the environmental processes of As mobilization and transformation are critical for predicting the fate of As compounds after roxarsone degradation. In this study, spatiotemporal variations in As species and microbial community structure were characterized using laboratory column experiments with background soil collected from Yanggu County (northern Shandong Plain, China), a region of intense poultry production. Organic and inorganic arsenic were detected by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and HPLC with hydride generation atomic fluorescence spectrometry (HPLC-HG-AFS), respectively. High-throughput sequencing technology was used to describe microbial diversity. Results showed that roxarsone was transformed completely within 7 days, and As(Ⅲ) and As(Ⅴ) were the major degradation products. The concentration of As(Ⅲ) was much lower than that of As(Ⅴ). The As(Ⅲ) concentration increased significantly after Day 14, whereas the As(Ⅴ) concentration increased significantly after Day 84, indicating that As(Ⅲ) was initially produced. The microbial community structure changed significantly as roxarsone transformed into various As compounds. A critical and dominant bacterial strain, norank_f__Family_XVⅢ, was found to be related to the degradation of roxarsone into As(Ⅲ). This study improves our understanding of the fate of As species released from poultry litter to soil and groundwater, which is a threat to human health and environment. 相似文献
2.
Water Resources - Drought limit water level has been presented to guide reservoir drought resistance for years. However, current static drought limit water levels neglected the water transfer... 相似文献
4.
伊犁地块位于西天山北部,通常认为其北缘经历了晚古生代活动陆缘的演化,但对其早古生代构造沉积演化(尤其是同位素定年)的研究仍较为薄弱.在伊犁北缘果子沟地区的奥陶系黑色硅质页岩中发现多层斑脱岩(蚀变凝灰岩)夹层,奥陶系发生了强烈褶皱变形,在其中一个倒转向斜的核部和翼部选取两层斑脱岩进行了锆石U-Pb测年.2个斑脱岩样品中的锆石显示岩浆锆石的特征,其加权平均年龄分别为458±2 Ma和460±2 Ma.结合前人研究成果,认为该斑脱岩的沉积时代为中奥陶世末期(达瑞威尔阶顶部),该时代与温泉地区大陆弧岩浆岩年龄基本一致,是准噶尔洋在中-晚奥陶世向伊犁地块之下俯冲的又一证据;该斑脱岩与全球范围内的大规模火山活动时代一致,该期火山活动可能是中-晚奥陶世全球气候变化与生物大灭绝的重要原因. 相似文献
5.
Chuiyu Lu Bo Zhang Xin He Guoliang Cao Qingyan Sun Lingjia Yan Tao Qin Tianchen Li Zepeng Li 《Ground water》2021,59(1):90-99
MODFLOW is one of the most popular groundwater simulation tools available; however, the development of lake modules that can be coupled with MODFLOW is lacking apart from the LAK3 package. This study proposes a new approach for simulating lake - groundwater interaction under steady-state flow, referred to as the sloping lakebed method (SLM). In this new approach, discretization of the lakebed in the vertical direction is independent of the spatial discretization of the aquifer system, which can potentially solve the problem that the lake and groundwater are usually simulated at different scales. The lakebed is generalized by a slant at the bottom of each lake grid cell, which can be classified as fully submerged, dry, and partly submerged. The SLM method accounts for all lake sources and sinks, establishing a governing equation that can be solved using Newton's method. A benchmarking case study was conducted using a modified model setup in the LAK3 user manual. It was found that when there is a sufficient number of layers at the top of the groundwater model, SLM simulates an almost identical groundwater head as the LAK3-based model; when the number of layers decreases, SLM is unaffected while LAK3 may be at a risk of giving unrealistic results. Additionally, the SLM can reflect the relationship between the simulated lake surface area and lake water depth more accurately. Therefore, the SLM method is a promising alternative to the LAK3 package when simulating lake - groundwater interaction. 相似文献
7.
Acta Geotechnica - Containing a considerable amount of unfrozen water, frozen soil may produce excess pore-water pressure under external load, especially at temperatures near the thawing point. The... 相似文献
8.
The boundary faults of faulted basins generally have segmental growth characteristics. Quantitative analysis of fault growth processes and combined models is of great significance for basin formation and evolution and hydrocarbon accumulation. Taking the Fulongquan fault depression in the southern part of the Songliao Basin as an example, using the 3D seismic data and using the fault-displacement length analysis method, the segmental growth and evolution process of the boundary fault is systematically studied, and the control effect of the spatial and temporal differential evolution of boundary faults on faulted basins is analyzed. The study shows that the segmental growth control of the boundary fault of Fulongquan fault depression forms a series of semi-mantle shoals; the sedimentary center of the Shahezi-Yingcheng fault is controlled to migrate from south to north; The slanting and thrusting activities control the height of the anticline trap; the transformation of the boundary fault property controls the evolution of the basin's tectonic pattern from the tandem semi-mantle to the faulted anticline. 相似文献
9.
Journal of Oceanology and Limnology - Coexisting floating-leaved and submerged plants experience similar environmental changes but may evolve different patterns of genetic variation. To compare... 相似文献
10.
The transient state of a dynamic system, such as offshore structures, to random excitation is always nonstationary. Many studies have contributed to evaluating response covariances at the transient state of a linear multi-degree-of-freedom(MDOF) system to random excitations, but a closed-form solution was not available unless the excitation was assumed to be a physically unrealizable white noise process. This study derives explicit, closed-form solutions for the response covariances at the transient state by using a pole-residue(PR) approach operated in the Laplace domain when the excitations are assumed to be stationary random processes described by physically realizable spectral density functions. By using the PR method, we can analytically solve the triple integral in evaluating the nonstationary response covariance. As this approach uses the poles and residues of system transfer functions, rather than the conventional mode superposition technique, the method is applicable to MDOF systems with non-classical damping models. Particular application of the proposed method is demonstrated for multi-story shear buildings to stochastic ground acceleration characterized by the Kanai–Tajimi spectral density function model, and a numerical example is provided to illustrate the detailed steps. No numerical integrations are required for computing the response covariances as the exact closed-form solution has been derived. The correctness of the proposed method is numerically verified by Monte Carlo simulations. 相似文献