《古地理学报》的立体办刊模式          下载免费PDF全文

李新坡  张西娟  郑秀娟 《古地理学报》2020,22(6):1233-1234

网络技术为科技期刊的发展提供了动力和渠道,促进了《古地理学报》办刊模式的转变。通过建立独立网站、为读者提供多样化的文章获取渠道、多样化的沟通方式、个性化的文章精准推送、加入OSID开放科学计划等,逐步形成了适应期刊发展的立体办刊模式。  相似文献   

Trends and risk evolution of drought disasters in Tibet Region,China     

Chen  Qiong  Liu  Fenggui  Chen  Ruijie  Zhao  Zhilong  Zhang  Yili  Cui  Peng  Zheng  Du 《地理学报(英文版)》2019,29(11):1859-1875

Journal of Geographical Sciences - The risk posed by natural disasters can be largely reflected by hazard and vulnerability. The analysis of long-term hazard series can reveal the mechanisms by...  相似文献   

Gakkel洋中脊基底隆起的非对称地壳结构          下载免费PDF全文

凌子龙  高金耀  赵俐红  杨春国  管清胜  张涛 《地球物理学报》2019,62(5):1755-1771

超慢速扩张的北冰洋Gakkel洋中脊具有六个沿扩张方向的线性基底隆起(本文编号为A—F).这些线性基底隆起在中轴两侧的地球物理场和地壳结构呈现不同程度的非对称性.本文利用Gakkel洋中脊的地形、空间重力异常(FAA)和航空磁力数据,计算了它的扩张速率、剩余地幔布格重力异常(RMBA)、地壳厚度和非均衡地形.根据中轴两侧地形和地壳厚度的对称关系,我们将六个基底隆起分为对称型和非对称型两种类型.整体上,B、D和F区基底隆起在中轴两侧的地形和地壳厚度的非对称幅值(两侧差值的绝对值)较小,其中地形的非对称幅值分别为～157m、～125m、～208m,地壳厚度的非对称幅值分别为～1km、～0.06km、～0.3km;而A、C和E区的非对称幅值较大,其中地形的非对称幅值分别为～510m、～410m、～673m,地壳厚度的非对称幅值分别为～2km、～2.5km、～1.1km.我们因此推断B、D和F区具有相对对称的地壳结构,而A、C和E区具有非对称的地壳结构.根据A、C和E区中轴两侧非均衡地形的对称关系和非对称地形的补偿状态,推测A区的非对称性可能是由岩浆分配不均所导致;而C区和E区的非对称性可能是由构造断层作用使断层下盘向上抬升变薄所导致.我们进一步推测洋中脊走向的改变可能使得构造作用更易集中于基底隆起的一侧.  相似文献   

富磷矿三阶段动态成矿模式:黔中开阳式高品位磷矿成矿机制   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

张亚冠  杜远生  陈国勇  刘建中  陈庆刚  赵征  王泽鹏  邓超 《古地理学报》2019,21(2):351-368

震旦系陡山沱组沉积期形成的黔中开阳、瓮安富磷矿沉积区,矿石产量大、品位高,是国内外重要的磷矿资源产区。黔中磷矿主要分布于黔中古陆周缘的滨浅海环境中,矿石类型以碎屑状磷块岩为主,间夹原生泥晶磷块岩、生物结构磷块岩和次生土状结构磷块岩。开阳式高品位磷块岩的动态沉积成矿过程通常为“三阶段成矿”: 第一阶段为初始成磷作用阶段,在新元古代大规模成磷背景下,上升洋流携带深部富磷海水进入滨浅海地区,并通过生物化学作用使磷质聚集并形成原生磷块岩沉积;第二阶段为簸选成矿作用阶段,高能波浪、风暴水流对原生磷块岩持续的破碎、磨蚀、搬运和再沉积过程中,簸选去除了原生沉积物中的陆源细碎屑、砂泥质成分,保留并聚集磷质碎屑颗粒,形成品位较高的碎屑状矿石;第三阶段为淋滤作用阶段,海平面升降变化使之前形成矿石受暴露事件影响,遭受强烈的风化淋滤作用,碎屑状磷矿石内的碳酸盐岩胶结物和白云石条带被淋滤运移,导致矿层发育大量溶蚀孔洞,甚至形成土状磷块岩,矿石品位再次得到大幅度提升。三阶段成矿作用随古地理条件和海平面变化在沉积成岩过程中多期次、动态进行,最终形成工业价值极高的磷矿石。  相似文献   

青藏高原凯蒙蛇绿混杂岩中碱性火山岩的发现及意义     

潘政  史仁灯  黄启帅  陈生生  龚小晗  吴钪  杨可 《岩石矿物学杂志》2020,39(1):18-34

班公湖-怒江洋的关闭时间直接制约青藏高原早期构造演化的认识。最近,在班公湖-怒江缝合带南侧凯蒙蛇绿混杂岩中发现一碱性火山岩,岩性主要是橄榄粗安岩,具粗面结构,斑晶主要是更长石和少量普通辉石,基质主要由更长石、普通辉石和少量填隙的碱性长石组成,有的具辉绿结构。岩石化学成分较一致,Si O2含量介于51.34%~53.91%之间,Ti O2含量为1.02%~1.55%,具有高Al2O3(17.06%~18.46%)和Na2O(4.90%~6.36%)、低K2O(0.05%~0.88%)含量特点,大多数Mg#大于60,最高68.62,里特曼指数(σ)介于3.65~4.47之间,为碱性系列火山岩;富集Sr、Rb、Ba等大离子亲石元素,亏损Nb、Y、Yb等高场强元素,相对富集Zr、Ti,Nb/U、Zr/Nb、La/Yb等比值稳定,分别为7.45~8.51、15.92~17.26和7.26~8.06;(87Sr/86Sr)i值变化范围较小,介于0.706~0.707之间,(143Nd/144Nd)t值在0.512 368~0.512 548之间,说明源区较为一致,结合Ce/Pb-Si O2图解判断结果,认为凯蒙碱性火山岩具有原始地幔、陆壳和深海沉积物源区混合特征。锆石U-Pb同位素定年结果表明该火山岩年龄为101.8±1.1 Ma,可能形成于洋壳俯冲阶段末期,由大陆边缘陆壳与俯冲洋壳板片断离导致软流圈地幔上涌诱发部分熔融所致,推测班公湖-怒江洋大约在早白垩世晚期关闭。  相似文献   

Environmental changes in the north‐east Sunda region over the last 40 000 years     

Chuanxiu Luo  Simon Haberle  Zhuo Zheng  Rong Xiang  Chixin Chen  Gang Lin  Kumar Sazal 《第四纪科学杂志》2019,34(3):245-257

  相似文献   

郯庐断裂带(安徽段)对地表水系空间分布形态的影响研究     

钱家忠  卫佳佳  姜琼  郑勇  赵卫东 《地质科学》2019,54(2):398-410

为了研究郯庐断裂带（安徽段）构造活动对其周边地表水系形态及其发育特征的影响，本文基于DEM数据，利用GIS空间分析功能并结合郯庐断裂带构造运动特征，对郯庐断裂带（安徽段）周边水系的几何分布特征进行研究。研究表明：郯庐断裂带（安徽段）在不同地质历史时期对区内地表水系产生错动影响。受郯庐断裂三叠纪到白垩纪期间左旋走滑运动影响，两条二级水系在大别山区自西北向东南流经郯庐主干断裂及次级断裂时与断裂呈近似直角相交并发生左旋错动。大别山地区的皖河流域与华阳河流域水系受郯庐断裂第四纪以来逆右行平移运动影响流向由东南向同步大幅度拐向南西，表现为右旋扭错；巢湖流域水系受五河—合肥断裂和石门山断裂影响也出现了右旋位错。此外，受郯庐断裂带构造运动形成的合肥盆地和地堑式嘉山盆地的影响，池河的主河道沿合肥盆地东侧的沉降带和石门山断裂与嘉庐断裂之间的嘉山盆地发育。  相似文献   

印尼贯穿流源区马鲁古海与哈马黑拉海水团来源的季节和年际变化   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1  

王露  周磊  谢玲玲  郑全安  李强  李明明 《海洋学报(英文版)》2019,38(4):58-71

So far, large uncertainties of the Indonesian throughflow(ITF) reside in the eastern Indonesian seas, such as the Maluku Sea and the Halmahera Sea. In this study, the water sources of the Maluku Sea and the Halmahera Sea are diagnosed at seasonal and interannual timescales and at different vertical layers, using the state-of-the-art simulations of the Ocean General Circulation Model(OGCM) for Earth Simulator(OFES). Asian monsoon leaves clear seasonal footprints on the eastern Indonesian seas. Consequently, the subsurface waters(around 24.5σ_θ and at ～150 m) in both the Maluku Sea and the Halmahera Sea stem from the South Pacific(SP) during winter monsoon, but during summer monsoon the Maluku Sea is from the North Pacific(NP), and the Halmahera Sea is a mixture of waters originating from the NP and the SP. The monsoon impact decreases with depth, so that in the Maluku Sea, the intermediate water(around 26.8σ_θ and at ～480 m) is always from the northern Banda Sea and the Halmahera Sea water is mainly from the SP in winter and the Banda Sea in summer. The deep waters(around27.2σ_θ and at ～1 040 m) in both seas are from the SP, with weak seasonal variability. At the interannual timescale,the subsurface water in the Maluku Sea originates from the NP/SP during El Ni?o/La Ni?a, while the subsurface water in the Halmahera Sea always originates from the SP. Similar to the seasonal variability, the intermediate water in Maluku Sea mainly comes from the Banda Sea and the Halmahera Sea always originates from the SP. The deep waters in both seas are from the SP. Our findings are helpful for drawing a comprehensive picture of the water properties in the Indonesian seas and will contribute to a better understanding of the ocean-atmosphere interaction over the maritime continent.  相似文献   

耦合土地利用回归与人口加权模型的PM2.5暴露风险评估     

邹雨轩  吴志峰  曹峥 《地球信息科学学报》2019,21(7):1018-1028

PM_2.5已成为人群健康的重要威胁之一,科学精准的暴露评估是PM_2.5风险防控的前提,为提升PM_2.5暴露精准评估,本文利用土地利用数据、道路数据、气象数据等构建PM_2.5土地利用回归反演模型,实现了2013年12月1日-2014年2月8日（冬季）广佛都市区PM_2.5时空动态演变监测,在此基础上将PM_2.5反演结果与人口密度数据耦合,分别从PM_2.5污染浓度与人口加权PM_2.5浓度2个方面,评估广佛都市区PM_2.5污染暴露风险。研究结果表明：① 土地利用回归模型能够较好的反映研究区域内PM_2.5的空间分布特征,R²大于0.78;② 2013年12月1日-2014年2月8日,广佛都市区PM_2.5浓度平均值呈现波动变化趋势,研究时段内,最高平均浓度为97.91 μg/m³ （12月29日-1月11日）,最低平均浓度为53.40 μg/m³ （1月26日-2月8日）,全时段PM_2.5浓度超WHO健康标准的面积占比达99.8%;③ 广佛都市区PM_2.5的空间分布具有异质性规律,其高值区分别位于广州市天河区、越秀区、番禺区北部、花都区北部及佛山市禅城区、南海区中部、三水区中部,低值区主要位于广州市白云区、番禺区东南部及佛山市顺德区南部。人口加权暴露风险存在2个高值中心,分别位于广州市和佛山市的主城区;④ 耦合人口加权模型前后,广佛都市区PM_2.5暴露风险高风险区空间分布发生变化,未考虑人口加权模型时,广佛深高值区较为分散,主要位于南海区、天河区、越秀区、禅城区,考虑人口加权模型后,高值区更加集中于广州市和佛山市的主城区。  相似文献   

Granite is an Effective Helium Source Rock: Insights from the Helium Generation and Release Characteristics in Granites from the North Qinling Orogen, China     

ZHANG Wen  LI Yuhong  ZHAO Fenghu  ZHOU Zheng  HAN Wei  ZHOU Junlin  ZHANG Qiao 《《地质学报》英文版》2020,94(1):114-125

Global helium(He) shortage is a challenging problem; however, the types of helium source rock and the mechanisms of He generation and release therein remain still poorly understood. In this study, in order to evaluate the potential of granite as an effective helium source rock, we collected granitic samples from the North Qinling Orogen, Central China, in the south of the helium-rich Weihe Basin. The helium generation and release behaviors in granite were studied through analysis of U and Th concentrations, EMPA images, and He and Ar concentrations and isotopic ratios extracted by crushing and stepwise heating. The results indicate that Ar has a better retention and a lower mobility than He. 3 He/4 He ratios released by crushing and stepwise heating are 0.016–0.056 RA and 0.003–0.572 RA, respectively, where RA is the atmospheric 3 He/4 He of 1.4×10-6, reflecting a crustal and radiogenic source. Helium concentrations extracted by the two ways are 0.13–0.95 ucm3 STP/g and 7.82–115.62 ucm3 STP/g, respectively, suggesting that matrix-sited He accounts for more than 98% of total helium preserved in granite. In addition, the total generated He amounts in granites are calculated based on the measured U and Th concentrations in granitic samples. Dividing the preserved He quantities by the generated He amounts, it turned out that less than 10% of He produced since the formation of the granite is preserved in the rock over geological time, suggesting that more than 90% generated He can be transferred to the Weihe Basin. Temperature and fracture are the two critical factors controlling He release. Based on the relationship between He diffusivity of granites and temperature and the He closure temperatures of a variety of U-and Th-rich minerals(27–250°C), we estimate that He can be partially released out of granite at the depths 400 m and totally released at the depths 7800 m. Fractures provide effective transfer of free He from deep source rocks to shallow reservoirs. Finally, a model on granite as an effective helium source rock is established. We suggest exploring He resources in hydrocarbon basins with granitic basement(or adjacent to granite bodies), high geothermal field, and young active fractures.  相似文献