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除草剂丁草胺对黄鳝的遗传毒性 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
通过分析红细胞微核、核异常及染色体数目和结构畸变,研究了除草剂丁草胺对黄鳝细胞的遗传毒性。采用腹腔注射的方法染毒,质量分数分别为0. 05、0 .08和0. 12mg/kg,结果(经t检验)表明除草剂丁草胺在较低浓度时( <0. 05mg/kg)基本上不表现诱变性,但0. 12mg/kg浓度组可显著地提高黄鳝外周血红细胞的微核率(P<0 .01),对黄鳝染色体数目畸变率和结构畸变率也有影响(P<0 .01)。这表明除草剂丁草胺在一定浓度范围内对黄鳝具有明显的遗传学损伤作用。 相似文献
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The toxic mechanism of herbicide butachlor to induce extremely high lethality in marine flatfish flounder, Paralichthys Olivaceus, was analyzed by histopathological examination, antioxidant enzymes activities and ATP content assay. Histopathological examination of gill, liver and kidney of exposed fishes showed that gill was a target organ of butachlor. The butachlor seriously impaired the respiration of gills by a series of lesions such as edema, lifting and detachment of lamellar epithelium, breakdown of pillar cells, and blood congestion. The dysfunction of gill respiration caused suffocation to the exposed flounder with extremely high acute lethality. Antioxidant enzyme activity assay of the in vitro cultured flounder gill(FG)cells exposed to butachlor indicated that butachlor markedly inhibited the antioxidant enzyme activities of Superoxide dismutase(SOD), catalase(CAT)and glutathione peroxidase(GPX). Furthermore, along with the decline of antioxidant enzyme activities, ATP content in the exposed FG cells decreased, too. This infers that the oxidative stress induced by butachlor can inhibit the production of cellular ATP. Similar decrease of ATP content was also observed in the exposed flounder gill tissues. Taken together, as in FG cells, butachlor possibly induced a short supply of ATP in pillar cells by inhibiting the antioxidant enzyme activities and then affecting the contractibility of the pillar cells, which in turn resulted in the blood congestion and suffocation of exposed flounder. 相似文献
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丁草胺是使用最广泛的酰胺类除草剂之一，目前丁草胺对鱼类的生殖毒性研究集中于淡水种类，近海鱼类鲜有报道。本研究以分布于我国东南海域的近海经济鱼类褐菖鲉(Sebastiscus marmoratus)为受试对象，探讨丁草胺对海洋鱼类卵巢发育的影响及机制。褐菖鲉在以环境相关浓度(2、20、200 ng/L)的丁草胺暴露50 d后，褐菖鮋卵巢生殖细胞发育受到不同程度抑制，卵巢17β-雌二醇(E2)水平下降，Caspase-3活性上升。相对定量PCR分析结果显示，卵巢芳香化酶基因(CYP19s)及雌激素受体基因(ERβ)表达量下降。结果表明：丁草胺对褐菖鮋具有明显的生殖毒性，卵巢CYP19s基因与ERβ基因表达被抑制而导致卵巢雌激素水平的下降引起卵细胞在发育早期的细胞凋亡是主要原因。 相似文献
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