基于CryoSat-2数据的2010-2017年北极海冰厚度和体积的季节与年际变化特征   总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0  

柯长青  王蔓蔓 《海洋学报》2018,40(11):1-13

北极海冰变化影响着全球物质平衡、能量交换和气候变化。本文基于CryoSat-2测高数据和OSI SAF海冰密集度及海冰类型产品，分析了2010-2017年北极海冰面积、厚度和体积的季节和年际变化特征，结合NCEP再分析资料探讨了融冰期北极气温异常和夏季风异常对海冰变化的影响。结果表明，结冰期海冰面积的增加量波动较大，海冰厚度的增加量呈明显下降趋势。融冰期海冰厚度的减小量波动较大，2013年以后融冰期海冰面积的减小量逐年增加。海冰体积的变化趋势和面积变化更相似，融冰期的减小速率大于结冰期的增加速率。融冰期北极海表面大气温度异常与海冰融化量正相关。夏季风影响海冰的辐合和辐散，在弗拉姆海峡海冰的输运过程中起关键作用，促进了北冰洋表层水向大洋深层的传输。  相似文献   

海上油井井口热力耦合问题计算     

李南生  周晶  丁德文 《海洋通报》1999,18(5):17-26

建立冬季结冰期封井系统耦合热力过程的物理模型;通过采用广义中点积分法则,给出时间离散化的耦合系统传导方程;提出适应于该热力偶合热传导问题的变分原理和有限元计算列式;讨论了冰晶体压力相关的相变温度变化对空间离散系统数值积分和应力计算的影响。采用该耦合热力模型对辽河油田封井井口的耦合冻胀问题进行计算。  相似文献   

北极中央区经向水汽输送的主要通道     

徐道欢  杜凌  马靖凯  史荒原 《海洋学报(英文版)》2020,42(5):55-64

Atmospheric moisture transport plays an important role in latent heat release and hydrologic interactions in the Arctic. In recent years, with the rapid decline in sea ice, this transport has changed. Here, we calculated the vertically integrated atmospheric moisture meridional transport(AMTv) from two global reanalysis datasets, from1979–2015, and found moisture pathways into the central Arctic. Four stable pathways showed an occurrence frequency greater than 70%, and these pathways exhibited a perennial seasonal pattern in the atmosphere above the Laptev Sea Pathway(LSP), Canadian Arctic Archipelago Pathway(CAAP), both sides of the Greenland plateau. Another seasonal pathway appeared above the east of the Chukchi Sea(CSP) during the melting/freezing months(March to September). Through these pathways, AMTv contributed a total moisture exchange of60%–80%—averaged over a 75°N circle—and focused on the low troposphere. Transports across the LSP, CSP and CAAP pathways likely create an enclosed moisture route. Meridional moisture fluxes are intensified in the Pacific sector of Arctic(PSA), especially during melting/freezing months. AMTv interannual variabilities are illustrated mainly in the Laptev Sea and the east Greenland pathway. Results indicate that accompanying a tendency for a stronger Beaufort Sea High in this sea level pressure field, AMTv through PSA pathways, switched from output to input, and approximately 960 km~3 of equivalent liquid water was transferred into the central Arctic during each decade. The detrended AMTv increment is highly correlated with the rapid decline of old ice areas(correlation coefficient is –0.78) for their synchronous fluctuations in the 1980 s and the last decade.  相似文献   

河流水文特征考查方式与分析技巧     

陈继革  牟丹 《地理教学》2013,(11):54-55,33

正一、河流水文特征考查方式1.河流水文特征综合分析针对的是某条河流或河流某段水文特征综合分析。例1:读哈萨克斯坦区域示意图,完成下列各题。(1)简析额尔齐斯河的水文特征。(2)斋桑泊是淡水湖还是咸水湖?并说出判断依据。  相似文献   

蒸发器(皿)观测资料的折算系数及其应用     

张占良  班春芳 《山西气象》2008,(3)

在地面气象观测中测量蒸发的仪器主要有E-601B型蒸发器（以下简称大型蒸发器）和小型蒸发器两类,目前山西省国家基准站和基本站在冬季结冰期使用小型蒸发器,而非结冰期（或结冰期很短的地方）使用大型蒸发器。除基准站外,其它国家基本站大型蒸发器使用的历史都很短,基本上是从1998年开始的,大量一般站目前全年使用小型蒸发器进行蒸发量观测;这种大小型蒸发器混用及分布情况,  相似文献