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通过对5个湖泊的河川沙塘鳢种群的线粒体DNA细胞色素b基因进行PCR扩增、测序,获得1141 bp的序列全长.序列分析显示,cyt b基因序列中A+T含量(55.8%)略高于G+C含量(44.2%),共检测到806个多态位点,115个样本得到87个单倍型,平均单倍型多样性为0.969±0.012,核苷酸多样性为0.20081±0.00742,遗传多样性表现高度多样性.太湖种群与大纵湖种群间的遗传距离最近,为0.137,巢湖种群和大纵湖种群之间遗传距离最远,为0.424.分子方差分析表明,群体间遗传分化系数Fst为0.531,变异来自群体内及群体间.cyt b基因序列构建的UPGMA系统进化树显示,5个种群分化成不同的分支系谱,种群间存在的基因交流较少. 相似文献
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Ten highly variable microsatellite loci were performed in order to evaluate the genetic variability of wild and hatchery samples of half-smooth tongue sole Cynoglossus semilaevis. A group of 200 genotypes belonging to four wild samples, Laizhou (LZ), Weihai (WH), Qingdao (QD), Rizhao (RZ) and one hatchery sample, Mingbo (MB), were screened. All of the ten microsatellite loci screened in this study showed marked polymorphism. A total of 70 different alleles were observed over all loci. The number of alleles per locus ranged from 4.2 to 10.6. The average of expected and observed heterozygosity ranged from 0.67 to 0.82, and from 0.77 to 0.87, respectively. A total of 10, 16, 10, 11 and 5 unique alleles each were found in LZ, WH, QD, RZ and MB populations. The effective number of alleles varied from 2.87 for HSTS_7 to 6.83 for HSTS-h. The number of average genotypes ranged from 6.0 for HSTS_a to 15.4 for HSTS_h. As compared with the wild populations, the hatchery population, MB, showed significant genetic changes such as fewer alleles per locus (P <0.05), a smaller number of low frequency alleles (P <0.05), a small number of unique alleles and a small number of genotypes (P <0.05), all indicative of a reduction in genetic diversity. 相似文献
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Sequence variation of the first internal transcribed spacer of ribosomal DNA ( ITS - 1 ) was examined and its application to the study of genetic variation was explored in four populations of farter' s scallop Chlamys farreri. ITS - 1 fragments, with a length of about 300 bp,of 78 individuals collected from Dalian, Qingdao, Yantai in China and Korea respectively were amplified via PCR, cloned and sequenced. Intra-genomic variation was examined by sequencing several clones of single individuals. Alignment and polymorphism analysis detected 44 haplotypes and 50 polymorphic sites which consist of 30 substitutions and 20 indels, indicating a high level of polymorphisms. Sequence analysis also showed a very low level of intra-individual variation. All these features validated the feasibility of application of ITS - 1 fragment to population analysis. Polymorphism analysis showed that the Korea sample has the richest genetic variation, followed by Yantai and Qingdao samples. AMOVA (analysis of molecular variance) showed that the majority (96.26%) of genetic variation was distributed within populations and 3.74% resulted from among populations, but with P 〈 0.05 ( = 0.042), indicating that the populations in this study have significant divergence. This output was basically concordant with the result arising from RAPD data and different from that from mitochondrial 16S rDNA sequence data. Discussion on this inconsistency was made accordingly. 相似文献
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采用水平淀粉凝胶电泳技术,研究了石鲽(Kareius bicoloratus)同工酶的组织表达和群体遗传变异。结果表明,14种同工酶共记录31个基因座位,各同工酶的表达均有明显的组织差异,基因座位SOD^*,GDH^*,G3PDH~2^*和ADH-2^*仅在肝脏中表达,SDH-1^*,MDH-1。和ADH-1。仅在肌肉中表达,LDH—B^*和LDH—C^*仅在眼睛中表达,MDH-2^*,GPI-3^*和SDH-2^*在所有检测的组织中均有表达,其余酶的表达则表现出不同程度的组织差异,与各组织完成特有的生化代谢活动有关。选取肌肉和肝脏对中国青岛、威海石鲽2个地理自然群体的遗传结构和遗传分化进行研究。青岛群体和威海群体的多态座位比率分别为29.17%和25.00%,观察杂合度分别为0.028±0.014和0.040±0.019;期望杂合度分别为0.039±0.017和0.052±0.022。结果表明,两群体间的群体分化度和遗传距离分别为0.012和0.0011,表明石鲽群体间的遗传分化较低。与其它鲽形目鱼类相比,石鲽群体的多态座位比率和平均杂合度均处于中间水平。 相似文献
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应用17个EST-SSR位点分析表明,马氏珠母贝印度种群和三亚种群的平均FST值为0.486,两个种群的分化程度高;三亚种群的等位基因数为1—6,有效等位基因数为1.0—3.3;印度种群的等位基因数为2—7,有效等位基因数为1.1—3.3;三亚种群和印度种群的平均有效等位基因数分别是1.8和1.9;三亚种群和印度种群的等位基因丰度分别为3.16和3.39;印度种群无论是期望杂合度(HE)还是观察杂合度(HO)都高于三亚种群,印度种群的期望杂合度和观察杂合度分别是0.42和0.16;三亚种群的期望杂合度和观察杂合度分别是0.38和0.15;三亚种群与印度种群的Nei’s遗传距离为1.119。两个种群都保持了中等水平遗传多样性。由于两个种群高度的遗传分化和保持丰富的遗传多样性为开展两个种群间杂交及获得杂种优势奠定了基础。 相似文献
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合浦珠母贝两个野生种群的生化遗传变异 总被引:12,自引:0,他引:12
用聚丙烯酰胺梯度凝胶垂直平板电泳技术测定了大亚湾和北部湾合浦珠母贝Pinctadamartensi野生种群12种同工酶26个基因座位的遗传变异。结果表明,两个种群的平均杂合度分别为0.1243±0.0377和0.0999±0.0441,与已报道的珠母贝属的其他种很接近。两个种群的杂合子缺失系数分别为-0.278和-0.346;遗传相似度(I)和遗传距离(D)分别为0.9842和0.0159;基因分化系数GST为0.0253,表明2个种群之间有较强的基因流。 相似文献