《古地理学报》的立体办刊模式          下载免费PDF全文

李新坡  张西娟  郑秀娟 《古地理学报》2020,22(6):1233-1234

网络技术为科技期刊的发展提供了动力和渠道,促进了《古地理学报》办刊模式的转变。通过建立独立网站、为读者提供多样化的文章获取渠道、多样化的沟通方式、个性化的文章精准推送、加入OSID开放科学计划等,逐步形成了适应期刊发展的立体办刊模式。  相似文献   

The cumulative characteristics of PAEs in PM2.5 in Changji,Northwest China     

Yuyan Liu  Caiye Ji  Bo Fu  Yongxin Yu  Haofeng Liu  Yaxing Shen 《自然地理学》2020,41(4):332-342

ABSTRACT

This paper discusses characteristics of the seasonal variation in phthalate acid esters (PAEs) in the PM_2.5 in the city of Changji, which is located an arid area of Xinjiang Province, northwest China. Samples were collected using a Laoying 2030 median discharge intelligent total suspended particulate (TSP) sampler and analyzed by a Shimadzu GC-2010 gas chromatograph. The results showed that PAEs in PM_2.5 were mainly composed of phthalic acid dibutyl phthalate (DBP) and phthalic acid (2-)ethyl hexyl ester (DEHP). DBP and DEHP are the most commonly used plasticizers, accounting for the majority of plasticizers used, and have large environmental emissions. Compared with the proportions of TSPs, proportions of DBP and DEHP in the PM_2.5 were lower, while the proportions of DMP and DEP were higher. A correlation exists between the distribution of PAEs and the particle size and concentration of atmospheric particulates. Seasonal variations in DBP and DEHP were the same, with lowest concentrations in the summer. Although seasonal variation in DMP was not the same as those of DBP and DEHP, the general trend was similar. Seasonal variation in DEP was different from those of other PAEs. This pattern is related to PAE characteristics and seasonal variations in their sources.  相似文献   

辽宁沿海地区海洋经济增长质量空间特征及影响要素     

李博  田闯  史钊源  韩增林 《地理科学进展》2019,38(7):1080-1092

在海洋经济质量转型之期,基于“认知—评价—建构—优化”理念,界定海洋经济增长质量内涵,通过中心-引力模型评价分析2000—2014年辽宁沿海地区海洋经济增长质量空间特征,构建了海洋经济增长质量模型,识别影响其空间特征的相关要素,并根据要素作用程度提出优化建议。研究发现：① 辽宁沿海地区海洋经济增长质量呈“核心—圈层”结构,形成以大连为“领头雁”的雁阵式相互继起模式;“钻石型”引力流结构促成辽宁沿海地区集中化连片发展格局;② 海洋经济增长质量空间特征主要受空间集聚效应影响,海洋资本、海洋基建和海洋产业结构成为推动海洋经济增长质量循环引力流的顺流机制,其中海洋产业结构成为影响辽宁海洋经济增长质量圈层空间集聚效应的关键流;海洋人才成为制约海洋经济增长质量循环引力流的逆流机制;③ 通过路径作用程度的象限划分,提出强化大连中心地职能,针对腹地城市定位及资源禀赋条件提出调控措施,推进沿海区域协调与一体化进程。  相似文献   

连片特困地区易地扶贫移民生计恢复力评估          下载免费PDF全文

刘伟  黎洁  徐洁 《干旱区地理》2019,42(3):673-580

借鉴社会—生态系统研究领域的恢复力概念，结合可持续生计分析框架和基于资本的评估方法，构建易地扶贫移民生计恢复力评价指标体系。运用陕南安康市3个区县的657份农户实地调研数据，采用因子分析方法和多元线性回归模型，从微观农户视角实证分析和评估易地扶贫移民的生计恢复力及其影响因素。结果表明：易地搬迁农户物质、社会资本分布不均衡，不同搬迁类型和时间对农户生计资本分化产生作用。物质、金融和社会资本积累水平以及环境、健康服务可及性等均是搬迁户提升生计恢复力的前提和基础，而搬迁类型对移民生计恢复力表现出显著的负向作用。建议政府充分发挥政策优势，针对不同搬迁类型和时间移民进行精准帮扶，着力解决搬迁户生计资本的薄弱环节，不断提升其生计恢复潜力。  相似文献   

Bathymetry,substrate and fishing areas of Southeast Atlantic high-seas seamounts   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

OA Bergstad  ÅS Høines  R Sarralde  G Campanis  M Gil  F Ramil 《African Journal of Marine Science》2019,41(1):11-28

Most of the Southeast Atlantic Ocean is abyssal, and global bathymetries suggest that only ～3.2% of the areas beyond national jurisdiction (ABNJ; also known as the high seas, as defined in the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea [UNCLOS]) are shallower than 2 500 m. This study mapped bathymetry and characterised substrates in selected seamount summit areas, including several that have been or may become fishing areas. The southernmost location, the Schmitt-Ott Seamount, has exposed volcanic bedrock with surrounding flats covered by thin biogenic sediments and/or coral rubble that appears ancient. At Wüst, Vema, Valdivia and Ewing seamounts the basaltic base appears to be overlain by coral caps and other coral substrates (sheets, rubble). Adjacent summit plains have biogenic sediments of varying thickness. Vema has a flat, roughly circular summit, <100 m deep, with the shallowest point being a 22-m-deep summit knoll; the upper slopes have ancient coral framework, but the summit has a mixture of coralline and volcanic rock and coarse sediments, including extensive areas with coralline algae and kelp forests. Valdivia Bank is a 230-m-deep, flat, rocky area (～11 × 5 km), protruding steeply from the extensive multi-summit Valdivia subarea of the Walvis Ridge. The distribution of past fisheries in the Convention Area of the South East Atlantic Fisheries Organisation (SEAFO) was considered in relation to the new information on bathymetry and substrate.  相似文献   

基于傅里叶级数的中国沿海地区Tm模型精化研究     

刘立龙  万庆同  周威  黄良珂  黎峻宇 《大地测量与地球动力学》2019,39(11):1137-1141

本文采用中国沿海地区13个探空站2010~2014年实测地表温度T_s与平均温度T_m数据，利用傅里叶级数分析法精化中国沿海地区T_m模型，并将2015年探空站实测T_m数据与精化模型进行对比检验。结果表明，精化模型在T_m探测方面具有更高的计算精度，其计算大气可降水量的误差概率分布趋近于正态分布，具有较强的稳定性。  相似文献   

A regime shift in sediment export from a coastal watershed during a record wet winter,California: Implications for landscape response to hydroclimatic extremes          下载免费PDF全文

Amy E. East  Andrew W. Stevens  Andrew C. Ritchie  Patrick L. Barnard  Pamela Campbell‐Swarzenski  Brian D. Collins  Christopher H. Conaway 《地球表面变化过程与地形》2018,43(12):2562-2577

Small, steep watersheds are prolific sediment sources from which sediment flux is highly sensitive to climatic changes. Storm intensity and frequency are widely expected to increase during the 21st century, and so assessing the response of small, steep watersheds to extreme rainfall is essential to understanding landscape response to climate change. During record winter rainfall in 2016–2017, the San Lorenzo River, coastal California, had nine flow peaks representing 2–10‐year flood magnitudes. By the third flood, fluvial suspended sediment showed a regime shift to greater and coarser sediment supply, coincident with numerous landslides in the watershed. Even with no singular catastrophic flood, these flows exported more than half as much sediment as had a 100‐year flood 35 years earlier, substantially enlarging the nearshore delta. Annual sediment load in 2017 was an order of magnitude greater than during an average‐rainfall year, and 500‐fold greater than in a recent drought. These anomalous sediment inputs are critical to the coastal littoral system, delivering enough sediment, sometimes over only a few days, to maintain beaches for several years. Future projections of megadroughts punctuated by major atmospheric‐river storm activity suggest that interannual sediment‐yield variations will become more extreme than today in the western USA, with potential consequences for coastal management, ecosystems, and water‐storage capacity. The occurrence of two years with major sediment export over the past 35 years that were not associated with extremes of the El Niño Southern Oscillation or Pacific Decadal Oscillation suggests caution in interpreting climatic signals from marine sedimentary deposits derived from small, steep, coastal watersheds, to avoid misinterpreting the frequencies of those cycles. Published 2018. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA.  相似文献   

1992年以来盐城滨海湿地植被动态变化研究     

张佳佳  沈永明 《海洋科学》2018,42(8):14-21

基于1992～2016年4个时相的遥感数据, 对盐城滨海川东港至梁垛河口岸段进行景观分类, 分析湿地植被类型及分布, 借助转移矩阵法探究滨海湿地植被的时空演变。结果表明: 茅草、芦苇、碱蓬, 米草为川东港至梁垛河口段主要湿地植被类型。1992～2016年植被总面积减少, 其中茅草几近消失殆尽; 芦苇、碱蓬面积持续缩减; 米草面积大幅增长。1992～2000年植被面积快速缩减, 大面积的茅草碱蓬地被开发为耕地; 2000～2009年养殖塘侵占湿地植被, 规模剧增。2009～2016年, 米草向海方向扩张的同时靠陆侧转变为养殖塘。川东港至梁垛河口的植被演变是自然和人为共同作用的结果。一方面受淤积型海岸影响, 另一方面受政策引导下的各类滩涂开发活动, 及互花米草的引种所带来的快速扩散的影响。本文研究结果为盐城滨海湿地管理与可持续发展提供理论参考。  相似文献   

In situ measurements of wind‐driven salt fluxes through constructed channels in a coastal wetland ecosystem          下载免费PDF全文

Alex K. Manda  Enrique Reyes  James M. Pitt 《水文研究》2018,32(5):636-643

A suite of instruments was deployed in a coastal wetland ecosystem in the Albemarle estuarine system, North Carolina (USA), to characterize wind‐driven transport of saltwater through a constructed (man‐made) channel. Flow velocity, electrical conductivity, and stage were measured in a representative channel over a 2‐month period from May to July 2014, during which 4 wind tides were observed. Collected data show that thousands of metric tons of salt were advected through the channel into coastal wetlands during each event, which lasted up to 4 days. The results reveal that as much as 36% of advected salts accumulated in the wetlands, suggesting that the cumulative effects of these events on the health of coastal wetlands in the Albemarle system may be substantial due to the abundance of constructed channels and the frequency of wind‐driven tidal events. This study is the first to quantify wind‐driven salt fluxes through constructed channels in coastal wetland settings.  相似文献   

Intermediate to Long-term Estimation of Strong Earthquake Risk Areas in the Chinese Mainland Based on Geodesic Measurements     

Zhang Jing  Zhu Yiqing  Wu Yanqiang  Zhang Xi  Yang Guohua 《中国地震研究》2018,32(2):153-172

Based on previous research results, present-day crustal deformation and gravity fields in the Chinese mainland are analyzed using the GPS data, leveling, gravity and cross-fault deformations. We analyzed strain accumulation of the major faults, and identified locked or high strain accumulation segments. Combining the effects of large earthquakes in the study area, the long-term (decade) probability of large earthquakes in the Chinese mainland is estimated.  相似文献