楚科奇海盆M04柱晚更新世以来沉积古环境记录   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

章伟艳  于晓果  刘焱光  金路  叶黎明  许冬  边叶萍  张德玉  姚旭莹  张富元 《海洋学报》2015,37(7):85-96

对"中国第五次北极科考"采自楚科奇海盆的M04柱进行粒度、冰筏碎屑、黏土矿物、岩心XRF扫描、沉积物颜色分析,初步建立了楚科奇海盆晚更新世MIS4期以来的沉积地层框架。MIS4期以来,楚科奇海盆M04柱沉积物粒度和黏土矿物组成具有明显的冰期/间冰期变化特征,冰期沉积物粒度分布以双峰态为主,由洋流搬运和海冰搬运沉积组分组成,伊利石含量高、高岭石含量低;间冰期沉积物具有三峰态粒度分布特征,由海冰搬运、洋流搬运和冰山搬运沉积组分组成,伊利石含量低、高岭石含量高。通过M04柱黏土矿物组合类型与北冰洋边缘海盆的表层沉积物黏土矿物组合类型对比表明,晚更新世以来楚科奇海盆沉积环境发生显著变化:温暖的间冰期受波弗特涡流驱动,波弗特海为研究区的物源输入提供了主要贡献;寒冷的冰期表层环流呈反向输运,细颗粒物源碎屑以东西伯利亚海的输入为主。  相似文献   

北冰洋楚科奇海浮游细菌丰度和生产力及其分布特征     

高源  何剑锋  陈敏  林凌  张芳 《海洋学报》2015,37(8):96-104

2012年夏季中国第5次北极科学考察期间,对北冰洋楚科奇海及其北部边缘海浮游细菌丰度和生产力进行了测定,并将其与环境因子进行了相关性分析。结果显示,楚科奇海浮游细菌丰度的变化范围为0.56×108~6.41×108 cells/dm3,平均为2.25×108 cells/dm3;细菌生产力介于0.042~1.92mg/(m3·d)(以碳计)之间,平均为0.54mg/(m3·d)(以碳计),与已有研究结果基本相当。陆架区细菌丰度和生产力要明显高于北部边缘区,但前者的单位细菌生产力则较低。与环境因子的相关性分析显示,细菌丰度与温度和叶绿素a浓度存在显著正相关(p0.01),表明北极变暖导致的海水升温及浮游植物生物量的增加均会促进细菌的生长,从而进一步提高细菌在海洋生态系统和碳循环中的作用。但陆架区的细菌生产力与环境参数均没有显著相关性,表明其影响因素较为复杂;生产力在北部边缘区则仅与叶绿素a存在显著正相关(p0.01),表明浮游植物生长过程产生的溶解有机碳(DOC)是细菌生长最为主要的碳源,碳源的单一可能制约细菌的生产从而导致该海域无冰状态下细菌丰度的增加不如预期,但融冰过程带来的大量DOC将促进细菌活性的增加。  相似文献   

2012年夏季楚科奇海浮游动物垂直迁移及上升流对其生物量的影响     

WANG Huiwu  CHEN Hongxi  XUE Liang  LIU N  LIU Yanliang 《海洋学报(英文版)》2015,34(5):68-74

The diel vertical migration(DVM) of zooplankton and the influence of upwelling on zooplankton biomass were examined using water column data of current velocity and mean volume backscattering strength(MVBS)collected by moored acoustic Doppler current profilers(ADCPs) deployed in the southeastern Chukchi Sea during the 5th Chinese National Arctic Research Expedition(CHINARE) in summer 2012, combined with the satellite observational data such as sea surface temperature(SST), wind, and chlorophyll a(Chl a). Hourly acoustic data were continuously collected for 49-d in the mooring site. Spectral analysis indicated that there were different migrating patterns of zooplankton, even though precisely classifying the zooplankton taxa was not available. The prevailing 24-h cycle corresponded to the normal DVM with zooplankton swimming upwards at sunrise and returning to deep waters at sunset. There was a clear DVM in the upper 17 m of the water column during the period with distinct day-night cycles, and no active DVM throughout the water column when the sun above the horizon(polar day), suggesting that light intensity was the trigger for DVM. Also there was a second migrating pattern with 12-h cycle. The upwelling event occurring in the northwest of Alaskan coastal area had important influence on zooplankton biomass at the mooring site. During the upwelling, the SST close to the mooring site dropped significantly from maximal 6.35°C to minimal 1.31°C within five days. Simultaneously, there was a rapid increase in the MVBS and Chl a level, suggesting the aggregation of zooplankton related to upwelling.  相似文献   

2008年夏季西北冰洋表层水浮游植物群落结构的色素表征及其对不同水团的响应   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

金海燕  庄燕培  李宏亮  陈建芳  高生泉  季仲强  张扬 《海洋学报(英文版)》2017,36(8):109-121

本文依托2008年夏季中国第三次北极科学考察航次，对西北冰洋海盆区和楚科奇海陆架营养盐及光合色素进行了测定和分析。根据海水理化性质将研究海区分为5个区，并使用CHEMTAX软件（Mackery et al.，1996）讨论了西北冰洋不同海区浮游植物群落组成结构及其与环境因子之间的关系。结果显示在楚科奇海陆架区，太平洋入流显著影响浮游植物生物量和群落结构。高营养盐Anadyr水团以及白令陆架水控制海域，表现出高Chl a且浮游植物以硅藻为主，相反，低营养盐如阿拉斯加沿岸流控制海域，Chl a生物量低且以微型，微微型浮游植物为主。在外陆架海区，海冰覆盖情况影响着水团的物理特征及营养盐浓度水平，相应地显著影响浮游植物群落结构。在海冰覆盖区域，硅藻生物量站到总Chl a生物量的75%以上；在靠近门捷列夫深海平原海区，受相对高盐的冰融水影响（MW-HS），营养盐浓度和Chl a浓度相对海冰覆盖区略高，浮游植物结构中微型、微微型藻类比重增加，硅藻比例则降至33%；南加拿大海盆无冰海区（IfB），表层水盐度最淡，营养盐浓度最低，相应地显示出低Chl a生物量，表明海冰消退，开阔大洋持续时间延长，将导致低生物量及激发更小型浮游植物的生长，并不有利于有机碳向深海的有效输出。  相似文献   

Composition and distribution of fish species collected during the fourth Chinese National Arctic Research Expedition in 2010     

LIN Longshan  LIAO Yunchih  ZHANG Jing  ZHENG Senlin  XIANG Peng  YU Xingguang  WU Risheng  SHAO Kwangtsao 《极地研究(英文版)》2012,23(2):116-127

There are awareness and concerns caused by the decreasing sea ice coverage around the Arctic and Antarctic due to effects of climate change. Emphasis in this study was on rapid changes in Arctic sea ice coverage and its impacts on the marine ecology during the fourth Chinese National Arctic Research Expedition in 2010. Our purpose was to establish a baseline of Arctic fish compositions, and consequent effects of climate change on the fish community and biogeography. Fish specimens were col- lected using a multinet middle-water trawl, French-type beam trawl, otter trawl, and triangular bottom trawl. In total, 36 tows were carried out along the shelf of the Bering Sea, Bering Strait, and Chukchi Sea in the Arctic Ocean. in total, 41 fish species belonging to 14 families in 7 orders were collected during the expedition. Among them, the Scorpaeniformes, including 17 species, accounted for almost one third of the total number （34.8%）, followed by 14 species of the Perciformes （27.0%）, 5 species of the Pleuronecti- formes （22.3%）, and 2 species of the Gadiformes （15.4%）. The top 6 most abundant species were Hippoglossoides robustus, Bore- gadus saida, Myoxocephalus scorpius, Lumpenus fabricii, Artediellus scaber, and Gymnoeanthus trieuspis. Abundant species var- ied according to the different fishing methods; numbers of families and species recorded did not differ with the various fishing methods; species and abundances decreased with depth and latitude; and species extending over their known geographic ranges were observed during the expedition. Station information, species list, and color photographs of all fishes are provided.  相似文献   

2008年夏季楚科奇陆架海域近底层水温大幅快速变化事件研究   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

舒启  乔方利  陈红霞 《海洋学报》2012,34(1):57-63

2008年夏季中国第3次北极科学考察期间,利用锚碇潜标对北冰洋楚科奇陆架海域进行了为期33 d的海流剖面、近底层温度与盐度连续观测。观测数据显示楚科奇陆架海域近底层海水温度出现了两次较大幅度的快速升降现象。结合此次科学考察R断面温盐深仪(CTD)观测资料、以及卫星遥感海表温度(SST)和海表风场等资料,综合分析表明:观测到的这种快速升、降温现象不仅发生在近底层;这种快速升、降温现象应该是由海水温度锋面在夏季整体缓慢北移的同时存在短暂南北摆动所导致;温度锋面的季节性北移属于北极气候特征,而温度锋面短暂的南北摆动则与短期天气过程有关。  相似文献   

Organic carbon deposition flux on the North Chukchi Sea shelf based on 210pb radioactivity dating     

LI Yiliang  YU Wen  HE Jianhua  SU Jian 《极地研究(英文版)》2012,23(4):231-236

Deposition of organic carbon forms the final net effect of the ocean carbon sink at a certain time scale. Organic carbon deposition on the Arctic shelves plays a particularly important role in the global carbon cycle because of the broad shelf area and rich nutrient concentration. To determine the organic carbon deposition flux at the northern margin of the Chukchi Sea shelf, the 210pb dating method was used to analyze the age and deposition rate of sediment samples from station R17 of the third Chinese National Arctic Research Expedition. The results showed that the deposition rate was 0.6 mm＇aI, the apparent deposition mass flux was 0.72 kg.m2a1, and the organic carbon deposition flux was 517 mmol C.m2.al. It was estimated that at least 16% of the export organic carbon flux out of the euphoric zone was transferred and chronically buried into the sediment, a value which was much higher than the average ratio （-10%） for low- to mid-latitude regions, indicating a highly effective carbon sink at the northern mar- gin of the Chukchi Sea shelf. With the decrease of sea ice coverage caused by warming in the Arctic Ocean, it could be inferred that the Arctic shelves will play an increasingly important role in the global carbon cycle.  相似文献   

楚科奇海与加拿大海盆表层沉积物表观特征及其环境指示   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

高爱国  王汝建  陈建芳  张德玉  张道建 《海洋地质与第四纪地质》2008,28(6)

通过对中国首次和第二次北极科学考察采集的表层沉积物的观察，根据沉积物的颜色和气味、砾石分布、底栖生物及贝壳分布特征的分析，探讨了该海区表层沉积物表观特征变化与有机质输入、沉积物的氧化还原状态的关系、底栖生物分布范围、冰筏碎屑的分布区域及与海流的关系，指出在研究区软体动物生长的北界位于73．5°N，比浮游动物的北界约低2个纬度。冰筏碎屑的北界可作为融冰水的北界或永久冰区的南界，位置在77°24′N附近。通过对沉积物表观特征的综合分析，结合研究区的海流特征，指出研究区的海流分布对沉积物分布有重要影响，尤其是两股不同性质的海流相遇，对西南部与东部两个区域的沉积物组成及性质具有较强的控制作用。  相似文献   

Distribution of general aerobic heterotrophic bacteria in sediment core taken from the Canadian basin and the Chukchi Sea     

高爱国  陈皓文 《极地研究(英文版)》2008,19(1):14-22

The occurrence percentage and abundance of General Aerobic Hetero- trophic Bacteria （GAB） were determined by using the method of MPN for 182 sub- samples from 10 sediment cores taken from the Canadian basin and the Chukchi Sea at two different culturing temperatures. The results showed that the general occurrence percentage of GAB was quite high, average abundanees of GAB at cultured temperatares of 4℃ and 25℃ were 4.46 ×10^7 and 5.47×10^7 cells·g^-1（wt）, respectively. The highest abundance of GAB occurred at 20 -22 cm section in the sediment. GAB abundances changed among the section of sediments, but there is a trend ： the a-bundances at the middle or lower sections were lower than those at upper section. Cultivation at 25℃ could improve the occurrence percentage and abundances of GAB, which suggests that the increasing of temperature may change the living circum-stances of GAB. The differences of GAB among the latitudes areas indicated that occurrence percentage and abundances of GAB in middle latitude areas were higher than those in the higher or lower latitude areas, and were more obvious at 4℃ than those at 25℃. The GAB abundances in sediment under the shallower water seemed to be low- er than those in sediments under the deeper water and this status was more obvious at 25℃ than that at 4℃.  相似文献   

Results of recent Pacific-Arctic ice-ocean modeling studies at the Naval Postgraduate School     

Jaclyn Clement Kinney  Wieslaw Maslowski 《极地研究(英文版)》2008,19(2):230-236

Summary of results from a high - resolution pan - Arctic ice - ocean model are presented for the northern North Pacific, Bering, Chukchi, and Beaufort seas. The main focus is on the mean circulation, communication from the Gulf of Alaska across the Bering Sea into the western Arctic Ocean and on mesoscale eddy activity within several important ecosystems. Model results from 1979 -2004 are compared to observations whenever possible. The high spatial model resolution at 1/12o （or -9 - km） in the horizontal and 45 levels in the vertical direction allows for representation of eddies with diameters as small as 36 km. However, we believe that upcoming new model integrations at even higher resolution will allow us to resolve even smaller eddies. This is especially important at the highest latitudes where the Rossby radius of deformation is as small as 10 km or less.  相似文献