基于UF、GFC及RP-HPLC的长牡蛎(Crassostrea gigas)蛋白抗衰老小分子活性肽(Zel'ner)的纯化及结构解析     

何定芬  谢超  梁佳  梁瑞萍  李海波 《海洋与湖沼》2020,51(1):141-147

牡蛎肉质鲜美,营养丰富,具有很高的食用价值。本研究以舟山长牡蛎(Crassostreagigas)为研究对象,以DPPH自由基清除率为测试指标,通过UF、GFC及RP-HPLC等技术,对牡蛎蛋白酶解液进行分离纯化,获得牡蛎蛋白小分子肽样品,并对其氨基酸组成进行营养性评价。研究结果表明:浓度为30%—100%的硫酸铵处理酶解液的分离效果明显优于低于浓度为30%硫酸铵的分离效果,其DPPH自由基清除率达到52.43%;纯化后得到两种牡蛎蛋白小分子肽分别标记为组分a(Mw1kDa)和组分b(1kDaMw3kDa);组分a中牡蛎蛋白小分子肽分子量分布主要为1995.2Da、1258.9Da、1023.3Da、398.1Da;对牡蛎蛋白小分子肽组分a进行检测,发现其中氨基酸种类及含量丰富,其中必需氨基酸(EAA)含量为18.863%,总氨基酸含量(TAA)为43.3748%,必需氨基酸占总氨基酸43.49%,必需氨基酸与非必需氨基酸(NEAA)的比例为76.95%,风味氨基酸(FAA)含量为18.9147%,占总氨基酸含量的43.61%。综上可见,牡蛎蛋白小分子肽具有极高的营养价值和市场经济效益,此研究为牡蛎蛋白抗衰老小分子活性肽(Zel'ner)的开发提供了新的思路和方向。  相似文献   

长牡蛎基因组微卫星引物的开发和特性描述   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

韩斐斐  亓海刚  李莉  张国范  闫喜武  李慧娟  杨霏  王琳楠 《海洋通报》2011,30(5):566-571

长牡蛎于20世纪80年代从日本引进中国.在我国,长牡蛎已经成为重要的贝类养殖产业之一.本实验从全基因组上筛查微卫星序列,在微卫星筛查的范围、数目和类型上是传统的富集文库法开发微卫星所无法比拟的.利用基因组微卫星序列总共设计了104对引物,54对引物能扩增出目的片段,其中有34对引物显示多态性扩增,占32.7％,20对引...  相似文献   

长牡蛎F3 代快速生长选育群体生长特性的研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

孔宁  李琪  丛日浩  王庆志  孔令锋 《海洋科学》2015,39(3):7-11

采用模型拟合方法研究了长牡蛎(Crassostrea gigas)F3代快速生长选育群体不同时期各生长性状的发育规律。结果表明,长牡蛎幼虫期壳高(SH)、壳长(SL)对日龄(t)的回归遵循Logistic模型,生长方程分别为SH=455.612/(1+9.500e-0.142t),R2=0.999;SL=462.476/(1+8.026e-0.108t),R2=0.996。幼虫期壳高与壳长成直线相关,回归方程为SL=0.76SH+18.82,R2=0.994。长牡蛎养成期各生长性状呈现明显的季节变化,壳高(SH)、壳长(SL)、壳宽(SW)和总质量(TW)对月龄(X)的多项式回归方程分别为SH=-0.0297X4+1.0365X3-12.0220X2+57.6500X-68.9260,R2=0.985;SL=-0.0173X4+0.5893X3-6.5702X2+30.2420X-34.4150,R2=0.986;SW=-0.0068X4+0.2620X3-3.2806X2+16.9170X-22.1410,R2=0.956;TW=-0.0219X4+0.8234X3-10.1680X2+50.7040X-85.4110,R2=0.972。壳高、壳长、壳宽与总质量均呈幂函数相关,回归方程分别为SH=23.645TW0.3213,R2=0.998;SL=12.337TW0.3776,R2=0.995;SW=6.611TW0.3589,R2=0.981。  相似文献   

利用不同盐度诱导长牡蛎三倍体的研究     

于瑞海  王昭萍  孔静  沈建平  左仔荣 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》2015,45(1):26-29,82

采用低盐度(4、6、8、10、12、14、16)和高盐度(40、45、50、55、60、65、70)在40%~50%受精卵出现第一极体时处理10和15min,进行长牡蛎三倍体的诱导。在低盐度诱导三倍体实验中,随着盐度降低,D型幼虫孵化率逐渐降低,处理10和15min的卵裂率差异显著(P0.05),孵化率差异不显著(P0.05)。当盐度为8时,处理受精卵10与15min,三倍体诱导率最高分别可达84.4%和91.0%,两处理组三倍体诱导率差异显著(P0.05)。在高盐度诱导三倍体实验中,随着盐度升高,D型幼虫孵化率逐渐降低,处理10和15min的卵裂率和孵化率均差异显著(P0.05)。当盐度为55时,处理受精卵10min,三倍体诱导率最高为80.3%;当盐度为60时,处理受精卵15min,三倍体诱导率最高为97.1%,两处理组三倍体诱导率差异显著(P0.05)。研究发现,在盐度为8和60条件下,40%~50%的受精卵出现第一极体时,处理15min,长牡蛎三倍体诱导率最高。  相似文献   

4种海洋贝类多糖提取和保湿性研究     

邓一清  童银洪  陈小丽  梁飞龙  杜晓东 《广东海洋大学学报》2012,(3):86-89

以马氏珠母贝(Pinctada martensii)、企鹅珍珠贝(Pteria penguin)、翡翠贻贝(Perna viridis)和近江牡蛎(oyster)的内脏团为原料提取、纯化多糖,与甘油、聚乙二醇400(PEG-400)、丙二醇和1,3-丁二醇四种常规保湿剂进行比较.结果表明,在相对湿度为44%时,前12h 吸湿率顺序为:马氏珠母贝<近江牡蛎<企鹅珍珠贝<翡翠贻贝< PEG-400<1,3-丁二醇<甘油<丙二醇;在相对湿度为80%时,前12 h 吸湿率顺序为:近江牡蛎<马氏珠母贝<企鹅珍珠贝<1,3-丁二醇<翡翠贻贝< PEG-400<甘油<丙二醇.前12 h 的保湿率顺序为:近江牡蛎>翡翠贻贝>马氏珠母贝>企鹅珍珠贝>甘油>1,3-丁二醇>丙二醇> PEG-400.翡翠贻贝吸湿性多糖优于其他贝类多糖,稍低于常规保湿剂.在相对湿度为80%时,前12 h 翡翠贻贝多糖的吸湿率大于常规保湿剂1,3-丁二醇,翡翠贻贝多糖保湿性稍弱于近江牡蛎,但强于其他贝类多糖和常规保湿剂要强一些  相似文献   

Rapid invasion of Crassostrea gigas into the German Wadden Sea dominated by larval supply     

G. Brandt  A. Wehrmann  K.W. Wirtz   《Journal of Sea Research》2008,59(4):279-296

Invasions of non-indigenous species into coastal habitats have been a frequent phenomenon in the last decades, sometimes with significant impact on the receiving ecosystem. However, the understanding of the entire process and especially the relative importance of larval supply and local recruitment remains unclear. In this study, we simulate the invasion of a benthic invertebrate into a previously uncolonised habitat over several years and validate the results with field data. Therefore, we present field data from a monitoring programme revealing the rapid invasion of the oyster Crassostrea gigas into the East Frisian Wadden Sea, North Sea, between 2003 and 2005. The applied model combines a simple, spatially-explicit population dynamics model for the adult stage with a particle tracking model for the larval stage of the life cycle. Simulation results are able to reproduce the large-scale pattern of the field data and indicate a domination of larval supply on the population dynamics in the early stage of the invasion. Though monitoring and simulations suggest a single larval source outside the study area in the west, the population dynamics in the eastern part is only explainable with an additional source within the study area attributed to an unintentional input of juveniles by mussel fishery. High sensitivities to uncertain parameters result in distinct deviations between monitoring and simulations at particular sites. Especially the impact of site-specific variations of the post-settlement mortality underlines the variability of local recruitment conditions and indicates the need for spatially resolved information for exact predictions.  相似文献   

Biometric,microstructural, and high-resolution trace element studies in Crassostrea gigas of Cantabria (Bay of Biscay,Spain): Anthropogenic and seasonal influences     

R. Higuera-Ruiz  J. Elorza 《Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science》2009

Living Crassostrea gigas oysters of different ages and sizes were collected in three estuaries of Cantabria (Bay of Biscay, Spain): San Vicente de la Barquera Estuary, Santander Bay, and Marismas de Santoña Estuary. The main objective was to determine different shell responses to variable environmental parameters. A shell morphological study, based on three biometric indices, indicates that oysters of Santander Bay have two significant shell anomalies: abnormal thickening of the right valve and loss of vital cavity volume. These shell abnormalities are related with the presence in these waters of the chemical tributyltin. In the other two estuaries, the oysters show no detectable anomalies. Four shell microstructures have been distinguished: Regular Simple Prismatic, Regular Foliated, cone-Complex Cross Foliated, and Chalk. In Santander Bay oysters, the Chalk forms a “root-type” framework, whereas in the other two estuaries it forms a more compact microstructure. It is proposed that exposure to tributyltin has produced this modification. High-spatial-resolution geochemical transects have been carried out on the Regular Foliated microstructure in the umbo region in order to evaluate the distribution of Mg, Sr, and Na. The elements analysed exhibit clear cyclic variations in San Vicente de la Barquera Estuary and Marismas de Santoña Estuary oysters, related with seasonal periods, and characterised by broad maxima during months in which the waters are warmer and have higher salinity. These patterns are buffered in Santander Bay oysters. Our results demonstrate that biometric, microstructural, and high-resolution trace element studies in oyster shells can provide information about contaminants and seasonal variations in the estuarine environment.  相似文献   

利用RAPD和AFLP标记初步构建太平洋牡蛎的遗传连锁图谱   总被引：24，自引：0，他引：24       下载免费PDF全文

李莉  郭希明 《海洋与湖沼》2003,34(5):541-551

利用RAPD和AFLP标记 ,以一回交家系 [(Miyagi×Hiroshima)×Miyagi]为作图群体 ,构建了太平洋牡蛎的遗传连锁图谱。用经过筛选的 3 3个RAPD引物和 1 1个AFLP引物组合 ,对父母本和 80个子代个体进行了遗传分析。共得到母本分离标记 1 93个 ,其中 1 44个符合1∶1孟德尔分离规律。父本分离标记 1 5 6个 ,其中 1 1 1个符合 1∶1孟德尔分离规律。雌性框架图包括 99个遗传标记 ,定位在 1 2个连锁群中 ,覆盖 985 2cM ,标记间平均间隔 1 1 3cM。另外有 3个三联体 ,7个连锁对 ,图谱共覆盖 1 1 6 5 7cM。雄性框架图包括 72个遗传标记 ,分布在 8个连锁群 ,覆盖 81 1cM ,标记间平均间隔 1 2 7cM。另外有 4个三联体 ,3个连锁对 ,图谱共覆盖93 1 8cM。  相似文献   

长牡蛎碱性磷酸酶的分离纯化及部分性质研究   总被引：5，自引：1，他引：5  

李兴暖  韩雅莉  肖湘  邓瑞鹏  周小朋  管云雁  黄长江 《台湾海峡》2003,22(4):482-486

本文以长牡蛎为酶源提取材料,用正丁醇抽提,硫酸铵分级分离,DEAE-52和Sephadex G-100柱层析,得到一定纯度的碱性磷酸酶,提纯倍数为61.96,比活力达1.326U/mg.该酶的最适pH值9.6,最适温度38℃,初速度6.8μmol/(dm~3·min),米氏常数Km值为1.30mmol/dm~3.实验结果表明,Mg~(2+)对该酶有明显的激活作用;Zn~(2+)、Cu~(2+)、Hg~(2+)对该酶有明显的抑制作用.  相似文献   

紫外线诱导太平洋牡蛎雄核发育的研究   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：1  

袁媛  李琪  于瑞海  于红 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》2005,35(1):29-32

为诱导太平洋牡蛎雄核发育单倍体 ,本文研究利用紫外线诱导太平洋牡蛎雄核发育的条件。结果表明 :在强度为2 .8mW·cm-2 ·s-1的紫外线 (2 5 4nm)下分别照射 0 ,10 ,15 ,2 0 ,2 5 ,3 0 ,3 5 ,40 ,5 0 ,60 ,70和 80s后 ,照射 3 0s的卵子能够保持较高的受精率 (73 .5 % ) ;该处理组的D形幼虫发生率为 0。染色体检查结果显示此时单倍体率最高 (4 7.8% )。证明在强度为2 .8mW·cm-2 ·s-1的紫外线下照射 3 0s是获得雄核发育单倍体的适宜条件。研究还表明受精率和D形幼虫发生率随照射时间的增加而下降 ,遗传失活的卵子与正常精子受精后其胚胎发育至D形幼虫前期停止。实验中各处理组均出现非整倍体。原因可能由于紫外线对卵子染色体遗传失活的作用程度不同以及光线对DNA的修复作用。  相似文献