2011年印度锡金邦6．8级地震分析     

米玛次仁  张军  云登次仁  巴桑拉姆 《高原地震》2013,25(2):13-16

2011年9月18日印度锡金邦发生6．8级地震，我国西藏自治区受损较为严重，西藏地区的重灾区地震烈度达Ⅶ度。介绍了该地震序列及地震对西藏地区造成的震害、震后应急响应等内容。  相似文献   

8级特大地震前地震活动平静特征——以中国大陆西部近期2次8级地震为例     

陈玉华  马震 《高原地震》2008,20(4):1-7

中强地震平静图像已被许多研究者认为是强震前的一个典型异常指标。近期中国大陆西部2次8级地震前地震活动图像的研究认为，8级特大地震前不仅中强震出现大面积平静，而且中小地震也会出现大规模平静现象，形成地震空区。震前依据震级由大而小逐级形成配套出现的地震空区，可作为中国大陆西部8级特大地震的中短期预测与8级地震发生地区的判定的一项有实际意义的指标。  相似文献   

1983～2006年新疆及邻区地震活动的时空格局分析     

朱创鑫  肖清华  马双飞  张旺生 《地质灾害与环境保护》2008,19(2):38-42

利用中国地震台网（CSN）地震目录整理了1983年以来发生在新疆及邻区ML≥3．0的浅源地震，并在MapGIS平台下，运用数字地图技术，制作了分震级、分年份、分月份系列地震图谱，分析地震发生的时空特征，表明：新疆及邻区地震呈带状分布，自北往南可分为阿尔泰地震带、天山地震带、西昆仑地震带和阿尔金地震带；各地震带活动水平不同，前3条地震带在2003年出现地震次数最高值，具有近10年的活动周期，阿尔金地震带地震次数最高值出现在1993年，有约5年的活动周期；各地震带带内活动水平也有一定差异，帕米尔地区地震最为频繁；年内地震主要集中在2、5、8、10月4个月份。  相似文献   

Changes in hydrogeological properties of the River Choushui alluvial fan aquifer due to the 1999 Chi-Chi earthquake, Taiwan     

Cheng-Shin Jang  Chen-Wuing Liu  Yeeping Chia  Li-Hsin Cheng  You-Ching Chen 《Hydrogeology Journal》2008,16(2):389-397

Changes in hydrogeological properties of the River Choushui alluvial fan aquifer before and after the 1999 Chi-Chi earthquake, Taiwan, have been identified using pumping tests. Three wells, SH2, YL2 and SC2, located in a compressional zone with high coseismic groundwater levels, were tested. The threshold of the aquifer deformation with respect to transmissivity (T) is greater than that with respect to storage coefficient (S). Decreases in the post-earthquake S are approximately 60% at SH2 and SC2, indicating aquifer compression after the Chi-Chi earthquake. Changes in the post-earthquake T range from 61% increase to 0.8% decrease. Moreover, results from anisotropy analysis of T at SC2 further illustrate that normal stresses induced by the Chi-Chi earthquake have consolidated soil particles. Soil particles dilated laterally after the earthquake, resulting in an increase of the equivalent T. The changes in hydrogeological properties have a considerable influence on spatiotemporal fluid pressure and horizontal groundwater movement, resulting in different amounts of drawdown during post-earthquake pumping.  相似文献   

The geotechnical effects of long human habitation (2000< years): Earthquake induced landslide hazard in the city of Zefat, northern Israel     

Oded Katz  Onn Crouvi   《Engineering Geology》2007,95(3-4):57-78

This work studies the effects of long human habitation on site geotechnical conditions. It is focused on the city of Zefat that is located on the borders of the Dead Sea Transform in northern Israel. The city of Zefat, suffered severe damage and loss of life in historical earthquakes, as a consequence of earthquake induced landslides (EILS). In this work we evaluate the current EILS hazard for the city of Zefat using a GIS-based regional Newmark analysis, with calibration of the calculated Newmark displacement (representing EILS hazard) using maps of field evidence and historical documents testifying to slope instability that occurred in historical earthquakes.

We found that the core city of Zefat is built on a layered anthropogenic material, few meters deep which, was deposited as a result of more than 2000 years of human habitation. The anthropogenic material is mechanically weak, susceptible to slope failure and to amplification of seismic-shaking. It is responsible for the city's devastation in historical earthquakes and it is the source for the current high seismic hazard as well.

Our model shows that earthquakes of magnitudes (M_w) 5, 6 and 7 at distances of up to 10 km, 50 km and more than 100 km, respectively, are likely to induce landslides in the core city of Zefat. The current engineering status of the city is poor, and as a consequence severe damage and loss of life are expected in future earthquakes due to EILS, unless major engineering efforts are made. Cities in the Eastern Mediterranean with comparable long habitation histories (e.g., Jerusalem, Tiberias, Nablus, Amman) are expected to have similar geotechnical problems in their old sections and are advised to take appropriate engineering steps to reduce damage and loss of life in future earthquakes.

Evaluation of historical earthquake magnitudes based on reported local-damage may, however, lead to overestimated magnitudes where the damaged sites are built on anthropogenic talus (a common setting in the vicinity of the Dead Sea Transform).  相似文献   

Macroseismic study of the Potenza (southern Italy), earthquake of 5 May 1990     

A. Tertulliani  M. Anzidei  A. Maramai  M. Murru  F. Riguzzi 《Natural Hazards》1992,6(1):25-38

The aim of this paper is to define the macroseismic field of the 5 May 1990 Potenza earthquake, analysing about 3000 questionnaire forms together with the results of the direct inquiries carried out in the field. The study evidences the seismic vulnerability of the Potenza district and of the whole of southern Italy in general, due to the low resistance characteristics of the old constructions and a lack of seismic prevention. Besides, geomorphological failure increases hazardous situations at the earthquake's occurrence. This earthquake provided a good test for checking and improving the ING macroseismic data collection procedures.  相似文献   

Le grand séisme de Huaxian (1556) : quelques documents chinois     

Jean-Paul Poirier 《Comptes Rendus Geoscience》2017,349(2):49-52

The strong earthquake that struck Shaanxi, Shanxi and several other Chinese provinces in 1556 is generally considered as the deadliest of all earthquakes. It is said that the Chinese annals reported 830,000 casualties. We give here a translation into French of the relevant passage of the annals, as well as of a testimony of a survivor Qin Keda, and of a text engraved on a stela.  相似文献   

1999年以来地震生命损失评估研究新进展   总被引：3，自引：2，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

吴新燕  吴昊昱  顾建华 《震灾防御技术》2014,9(1):90-102

地震后造成人员伤亡的影响因素有很多,包括震级、烈度、人口、房屋破坏程度、与断层的距离、经济发展状况等.本文总结了1999年以来国内外地震生命损失研究中的若干方法和模型,介绍了这些评估方法在地震后的应用情况,并进行了适当的总结.最后提出了人员伤亡评估的发展趋势.  相似文献   

Nonlinear dynamic finite element simulation of Alibey earth dam     

Bilge Siyahi  Haydar Arslan 《Environmental Geology》2008,55(1):77-85

In this study, dynamic behavior and earthquake resistance of Alibey earth dam was investigated. The dam was modeled with four node plane-strain finite elements (FE) and displacement-pore pressure coupled FE analyses were performed. Nonlinear material models such as pressure dependent and independent multi yield materials were implemented during the analyses. Transient dynamic FE analyses were performed with Newmark method. The Newton-Raphson solution scheme was adopted to solve the equations. Liquefaction and/or cyclic mobility effects were considered during the analysis. For the FE analyses, OpenSees (Open System for Earthquake Engineering Simulation) framework was adopted.  相似文献   

The importance of hydrogeological and hydrological investigations in the residential area: a case study in Burdur,Turkey     

A.?DavrazEmail author  R.?Karaguzel  I.?I.?Soyaslan 《Environmental Geology》2003,44(7):852-861

Water resources in residential areas are negatively affected by floods. In addition, many aquifers are contaminated as a result of urbanization. Great damage caused during earthquakes are partly attributed to the residential pattern which ignores the potential effect of groundwater. Hydrogeological and hydrological surveys must be carried out in the residential areas to determine the interaction between water and residential development of all types.Recent hydrogeological and hydrological investigations regarding the impact of urbanization were made for the city of Burdur (Turkey). To evaluate the effect of earthquakes on groundwater, groundwater isohypse and groundwater isopach maps were prepared showing most of the buildings within the Burdur city boundaries, which are in the areas where groundwater depth is less than 10 m. This is considered a critical depth for liquefaction during an earthquake. Lowering of the groundwater table has to be considered as one of the alternatives in reducing earthquake hazards. The chemical makeup of groundwater was also determined to consider its relationship to contamination and possible effects upon the foundations. Streams flowing across the Burdur residential area formed a flooding risk. Results of the peak flow analysis can be used to design improvements for the city. Maps of the best residential development areas have been prepared by using hydrological and hydrogeological results.  相似文献