排序方式： 共有19条查询结果，搜索用时 31 毫秒
1.
2.
3.
南方鲇的饥饿代谢研究 总被引：43，自引：2，他引：41
于１９９６年１月９日－６月１２日,在西南师范大学鱼类能量学实验室,对南鲇幼鱼（６１．７－９２．３ｇ）进行了２７．５℃条件下的饥饿耐受性实验,并采用连续流水式呼吸仪测定了实验鱼在此期间的静止代谢率。结果表明,饥饿至１５６ｄ时,５０％的实验鱼死亡。饥饿鱼代谢水平的变化可分为４个阶段：（１）饥饿１－２０ｄ,代谢率再饥饿时间延长而呈直线下降;（２０饥饿２１－８１ｄ,处于相对稳定状态;（３）饥饿８１－９１ｄ 相似文献
4.
5.
在实验水温(28±2)℃条件下,以60mg/kg单剂量甲基睾丸酮对尼罗罗非鱼混饲口灌给药后,采用超高效液相色谱-串联质谱联用(UPLC-MS/MS)法测定尼罗罗非鱼肌肉中的药物水平,研究甲基睾丸酮在尼罗罗非鱼肌肉中的代谢及消除规律。结果表明,肌肉中药物浓度时间数据符合一级吸收二室开放模型,主要药代动力学参数达峰时间T(peak)为3.04h,质量浓度C(max)为33.331ng/g,消除半衰期T(1/2)β为23.073h。肌肉中甲基睾丸酮浓度24h内呈指数型下降,具有较高的消除速率,其后消除得较缓慢,消除方程符合C=46.18e0.101t。29d后罗非鱼肌肉中甲基睾丸酮水平在美国FDA的检测限0.8ng/g以下,给药120d后肌肉中检测不到甲基睾丸酮残留。 相似文献
6.
水体铜对中华绒螯蟹(Eriocheir sinensis)代谢酶活力的影响 总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10
采用生态学单因子梯度试验方法,研究了水环境中添加0·01、0·10、1·00、5·00mg/L的铜(Cu2 )对中华绒螯蟹肝胰腺、血淋巴和鳃代谢酶活力的影响。结果表明,随着Cu2 浓度的增高,肝胰腺和血淋巴的铜锌超氧化物歧化酶(Cu-Zn SOD)、酸性磷酸酶(ACP)、碱性磷酸酶(AKP)活力和血蓝蛋白均呈先增加后减少的变化趋势。鳃钠钾三磷酸腺苷酶(Na ,K -ATPase)、钙镁三磷酸腺苷酶(Ca2 ,Mg2 -ATPase)和谷丙转氨酶(GPT)活力均随着Cu2 浓度的增高而降低。随着Cu2 浓度的增高,肝胰腺髓性过氧化物酶(MPO)活力呈先减少后增加的变化趋势。水环境中添加0·01mg/L Cu2 就可对中华绒螯蟹代谢酶产生显著影响,并随着Cu2 浓度的增高,对中华绒螯蟹机体的影响逐渐加剧。表明代谢酶活力的变化可以灵敏地反映Cu2 的胁迫程度和毒性。 相似文献
7.
On December 12th, 1999, the oil tanker Erika sank off the southern coast of Brittany (France), releasing 20000-30000tons of heavy oil in the open sea. Among the affected coastal habitats were important nurseries for numerous flatfish species and particularly for the common sole, Solea solea. To investigate the potential impact of the spill on this economically significant resource, we employed Fry's concept of metabolic scope for activity to assess the deleterious effect of fuel exposure on the functional integrity of juvenile sole. Fish were captured from uncontaminated areas and experimentally exposed to contamination conditions mimicking those encountered during the weeks that followed the Erika spill. Using respirometry techniques we measured basal and active metabolic rates, and calculated aerobic metabolic scope, in control and fuel-exposed sole. We then compared the ability of control and fuel-exposed sole to face an episode of reduced oxygen availability. We found that whereas basal metabolic rate was not altered in fuel-exposed fish, active metabolic rate (-27%), and therefore aerobic metabolic scope, were impacted. These changes in metabolic scope were viewed as indicating changes in fishes' ability to face environmental contingencies. Finally the ability of sole to face an episode of reduced oxygen availability was found to be significantly altered following fuel exposure as indicated by a 65% increase in the critical oxygen level. It is concluded that fuel-exposed sole are functionally impaired and less able to face environmental challenges. The link between these results and the recently reported fall in the abundance of the year class that suffered the Erika oil spill is discussed. 相似文献
8.
The effects of the oxygen minimum zone on the metabolism of the heterotrophic microplankton community (0.22-100 μm) in the Humboldt Current System, as well as the factors controlling its biomass production, remain unknown. Here we compare the effect of four sources of dissolved organic carbon (glucose, oxaloacetate, glycine, leucine) on microbial biomass production (such as ATP-P) and the potential enzymatic activities involved in catabolic pathways under oxic and suboxic conditions. Our results show significant differences (p < 0.05) in the ATP-P production when induced by the different substrates that are used as dissolved organic carbon herein. The induction of ATP-P production is enhanced from glucose < oxaloacetate < glycine < leucine. Nevertheless, for individual substrates, no significant differences were found between incubation under oxic and suboxic conditions except in the case of leucine. For this amino acid, the induction of ATP-P synthesis was higher under suboxic than oxic conditions. The data sets of all the substrates used showed greater potential ATP-P production under suboxic than oxic conditions. The results of the potential enzymatic activities suggest that malate dehydrogenase has the highest signal of NADH oxidization activity in the microbial assemblage. Furthermore, for all experiments, the malate dehydrogenase activity data set had a significant relationship with ATP-P production. These findings suggest that the microbial community inhabiting the oxygen minimum zone has the same or greater potential growth than the community inhabiting more oxygenated strata of the water column and that malate dehydrogenase is the activity that best represents the metabolic potential of the community. 相似文献
9.
Olga Leaos-Castaeda Gerardo Gold-Bouchot Glen Van Der Kraak Andrea Lister Victor Ceja-Moreno Raul Sim-Alvarez 《Marine environmental research》2004,58(2-5):337
The objective of this study was to determine if tamoxifen or an aromatase inhibitor (4-hydroxyandrostenedione; 4-OHA) affected plasma concentrations of o,p′-DDT and its metabolites, o,p′-DDD and o,p′-DDE, in mature tilapia. Male and female tilapia were injected 6 times intraperitoneally with o,p′-DDT (40 mg/kg) alone or in combination with 4-OHA (2 mg/kg) over a 12 day period. An additional group of male fish was injected with tamoxifen (5 mg/kg) plus o,p′-DDT. At the end of the treatment period, plasma samples were extracted and analyzed by GC/ECD. Females injected only with o,p′-DDT had significantly higher levels of o,p′-DDT compared with males. Interestingly, females and males treated concomitantly with o,p′-DDT and 4-OHA or tamoxifen had significantly lower concentrations of plasma o,p′-DDT (about 50%) compared with fish treated with only o,p′-DDT. These initial results suggest that an interaction between endocrine-active compounds occurs in vivo in tilapia and may involve alterations in metabolism of o,p′-DDT. 相似文献
10.
从上行控制角度，通过野外采样和围隔培养实验，研究了水母的代谢及分解过程对水体环境中pH、溶解氧、营养盐组成的影响，以及该过程中浮游植物的变化。实验结果表明，沙海蜇在代谢过程中短时间内会大量消耗水体中的溶解氧（dissolved oxygen，DO），使水体出现低氧和轻度酸化。代谢过程释放出大量营养盐，使水体中的溶解无机氮（dissolved inorganic nitrogen，DIN）浓度在24h内增加为原来的12倍，溶解无机磷（dissolved inorganic phosphorus，DIP）浓度增加了40多倍，进而引起水体中叶绿素a（chlorophyll a，chl a）浓度的增加。沙海蜇的分解过程使水体表现出明显的低氧（缺氧）和酸化现象。沙海蜇生物量越大，分解时间越长，对水体的改变程度越明显，此外，还释放出大量的营养盐并改变原有的营养盐结构，可以刺激甲藻和绿藻的生长，甚至可能引发藻华。 相似文献