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采用梯度依赖相关尺度方法构建了1套2004—2017年间,月平均的全球海洋(0~1 500 m)1°×1°的Argo数据集,并在对该数据集进行对比检验的基础上,将其初步应用于中西太平洋黄鳍金枪鱼的渔场分析研究。结果表明,所构建的Argo数据集与WOA13数据集的温、盐偏差在上表层(150 m)稍大,最大值分别约为0.5 ℃和0.1,且偏差均随深度的增加而逐渐减小;其与TAO浮标时间序列的温度偏差,2004—2017年间均小于1 ℃,最大盐度偏差则小于0.5,且大部分海域接近0。中西太平洋海域,黄鳍金枪鱼中心渔场多集中在 28~29 ℃ 等温线范围内,在 22 ℃以下的海域单位捕捞努力量渔获量(catch per unit effort,CPUE)值极小;中心渔场区温跃层上界深度范围在20~120 m之间,且中心渔场在各个深度上形成的频数大体呈正态分布,温跃层上界深度为90 m时,形成中心渔场的可能性达到最大。研究表明所构建的数据集在水文环境分析及资源评估中有一定的应用价值。 相似文献
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高度计波高数据同化对印度洋海域海浪模式预报影响研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为提高海浪模式预报的精度,改善初始场是途径之一。研制了基于最优插值(OI)方法的海浪数据同化并行程序模块,并将其植入第三代海浪模式WAVEWATCH IIITM,建立了印度洋海域海浪同化预报方法,使用卫星高度计波高数据进行了同化预报试验。OI模块的并行设计使得植入同化模块的海浪模式仍能以并行方式运行。文中5°S以北印度洋海域为目标区域,嵌套在WAVE-WATCH IIITM的全球网格中,使得目标区域开边界条件得到较好解决。同化数据使用Jason-2高度计测量有效波高(SWH)沿轨数据。海浪同化预报模式由大气模式WRF(Weather Research andForecasting)输出的1小时一次的海面10 m风场驱动。将同化的模式结果(SWH)、无同化的模式结果(SWH)分别与高度计沿轨数据(SWH)进行比较,表明同化改善模式预报初始场的效果是明显的。以同化初始场出发进行海浪预报试验,结果表明,高度计波高数据同化在一定程度上可改进海浪短期预报的精度。 相似文献
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In the present article, we introduce a high resolution sea surface temperature(SST) product generated daily by Korea Institute of Ocean Science and Technology(KIOST). The SST product is comprised of four sets of data including eight-hour and daily average SST data of 1 km resolution, and is based on the four infrared(IR) satellite SST data acquired by advanced very high resolution radiometer(AVHRR), Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer(MODIS), Multifunctional Transport Satellites-2(MTSAT-2) Imager and Meteorological Imager(MI), two microwave radiometer SSTs acquired by Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer 2(AMSR2), and Wind SAT with in-situ temperature data. These input satellite and in-situ SST data are merged by using the optimal interpolation(OI) algorithm. The root-mean-square-errors(RMSEs) of satellite and in-situ data are used as a weighting value in the OI algorithm. As a pilot product, four SST data sets were generated daily from January to December 2013. In the comparison between the SSTs measured by moored buoys and the daily mean KIOST SSTs, the estimated RMSE was 0.71°C and the bias value was –0.08°C. The largest RMSE and bias were 0.86 and –0.26°C respectively, observed at a buoy site in the boundary region of warm and cold waters with increased physical variability in the Sea of Japan/East Sea. Other site near the coasts shows a lower RMSE value of 0.60°C than those at the open waters. To investigate the spatial distributions of SST, the Group for High Resolution Sea Surface Temperature(GHRSST) product was used in the comparison of temperature gradients, and it was shown that the KIOST SST product represents well the water mass structures around the Korean Peninsula. The KIOST SST product generated from both satellite and buoy data is expected to make substantial contribution to the Korea Operational Oceanographic System(KOOS) as an input parameter for data assimilation. 相似文献
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将基于最优插值 (OI) 的同化并行模块植入全谱空间的第三代海浪模式WAVEWATCH III version3.14,建立数据同化的海浪模式预报系统, 并通过实际的预报个例对同化系统进行检验。个例实验是以5°S 以北的印度洋海域为目标计算区域, 海面风场强迫采用业务单位的中尺度天气预报模式WRF(weather research and forecast) 提供的逐时海面风场预报产品。模式积分过程中连续同化2010 年12 月15 日、16 日和17 日过境北印度洋的Jason-2 卫星高度计沿轨有效波高 (SWH) 数据 (需要指出的是, 每次同化得到新的SWH 分析场后需重构相应的二维海浪谱用于谱模式)。SWH 同化分析值和无同化的对照组分别与高度计沿轨观测数据比较发现, 就日平均统计来看, 同化较无同化使SWH分析值的均方根误差减小约25%～50%。以SWH 同化分析场作为初始场的预报表明, 同化对预报影响的时效性可延长至48～60 h。本研究目的是通过将高度计测量的SWH 数据同化到海浪模式进一步提升海浪数值预报的准确度。 相似文献
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将基于最优插值(OI)的同化并行模块植入第三代海浪模式WAVEWATCH III version3.14, 建立数据同化的台风海浪模式预报系统。该系统的强迫风场采用模型台风风场与台风来前海区背景风场混成的风场。以模式后报2010 年7 月严重影响南海北部的“康森”和“灿都”台风引起的海浪场为例, 首先对所构造的混合风场的台风海面风场结构进行定性检验, 并用高度计沿轨风速对混合风场精度进行定量验证。在此基础上, 海浪模式在混合风场强迫下边积分边同化。同化数据采用上述台风过境南海期间Jason-2 卫星高度计沿轨有效波高 (SWH)。值得指出的是, 同化时只取SWH 沿轨数据的一部分用于同化计算, 而另一部分沿轨数据则用于对同化分析结果进行检验。先后同化了4 条轨道上的SWH数据。将SWH 的同化分析与无同化的对照组结果分别与高度计测量SWH 比较, 发现同化较无同化可使均方根误差获得50%以上的明显改进。以同化分析场作为初始场, 同化影响预报(这里是后报)的时效性约在48 h 以内。本研究目的是通过同化高度计SWH 数据进一步提升台风海浪模式预报的准确度。 相似文献
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Reactive contaminant transport models are used by hydrologists to simulate and study the migration and fate of industrial waste in subsurface aquifers. Accurate transport modeling of such waste requires clear understanding of the system’s parameters, such as sorption and biodegradation. In this study, we present an efficient sequential data assimilation scheme that computes accurate estimates of aquifer contamination and spatially variable sorption coefficients. This assimilation scheme is based on a hybrid formulation of the ensemble Kalman filter (EnKF) and optimal interpolation (OI) in which solute concentration measurements are assimilated via a recursive dual estimation of sorption coefficients and contaminant state variables. This hybrid EnKF-OI scheme is used to mitigate background covariance limitations due to ensemble under-sampling and neglected model errors. Numerical experiments are conducted with a two-dimensional synthetic aquifer in which cobalt-60, a radioactive contaminant, is leached in a saturated heterogeneous clayey sandstone zone. Assimilation experiments are investigated under different settings and sources of model and observational errors. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed hybrid EnKF-OI scheme successfully recovers both the contaminant and the sorption rate and reduces their uncertainties. Sensitivity analyses also suggest that the adaptive hybrid scheme remains effective with small ensembles, allowing to reduce the ensemble size by up to 80% with respect to the standard EnKF scheme. 相似文献
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数值天气预报中分析同化基本方法的历史发展脉络和评述 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
数值天气预报中分析同化的基本方法先后经历了多项式函数拟合方法、逐步订正方法、最优插值方法、变分方法和集合卡尔曼滤波方法。本文首先根据相关的经典文献力求本色地介绍这些方法的基本思想和实施的具体要点;然后,着重于它们的上下承接关系,试图阐述同化的历史发展脉络,评述这些方法的显著特征和创新性,以期清晰地理解资料同化的循序渐进的内在发展逻辑。此外,从起源上阐明“主观分析”与“客观分析”、“初猜场”与“背景场”、“分析”与“同化”、以及“更新”、“新息”等基本概念,以期准确地理解和把握“大气资料同化”的由来和内涵。 相似文献
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基于最优插值方法分析的中国区域地面观测与卫星反演逐时降水融合试验 总被引：25，自引：4，他引：21
为了发展一套适用于中国区域的高分辨率(0.1°×0.1°)逐时降水产品,以CMORPH卫星反演降水为背景场,以基于3万个自动气象站观测的逐时降水量分析的中国降水格点分析产品(Chinese Precipitation Analyses,CPA)作为地面观测场,采用最优插值方法对二者进行了融合试验.用2009年6-8月的样本统计分析了卫星反演与地面观测降水的误差及其协相关形式,按照误差结构来分配权重.融合试验的个例检验表明,该方案在有站点的地区能较好地引入地面观测信息,在没有站点观测的地区则保留CMORPH的原始信息,最终形成一套覆盖中国区域的高时空分辨率的降水场.2009年6-8月独立样本检验的统计结果也表明,该融合产品的平均偏差、均方根误差、相对误差分别为-0.004 mm/h、1.271 mm/h和15.964％,平均空间相关系数达到0.778,与融合前CMORPH的各统计值相比,改进幅度基本都超过了50％,且与风云系列卫星的同类型产品相比精度也有一定程度的提高. 相似文献
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In this study, we used 30 years of an operational sea surface temperature (SST) product, the NOAA Optimum Interpolation (OI) SST Version 2 dataset, to examine variations in Arctic SSTs during the period December 1981–October 2011. We computed annual SST anomalies and interannual trends in SST variations for the period 1982–2010; during this period, marginal (though statistically significant) increases in SSTs were observed in oceanic regions poleward of 60°N. A warming trend is evident over most of the Arctic region, the Beaufort Sea, the Chuckchi Sea, Hudson Bay, the Labrador Sea, the Iceland Sea, the Norwegian Sea, Bering Strait, etc.; Labrador Sea experienced higher temperature anomalies than those observed in other regions. However, cooling trends were observed in the central Arctic, some parts of Baffin Bay, the Kara Sea (south of Novaya Zemlya), the Laptev Sea, the Siberian Sea, and Fram Strait. The central Arctic region experienced a cooling trend only during 1992–2001; warming trends were observed during 1982–1991 and 2002–2010. We also examined a 30-yr (1982–2011) record of summer season (June–July–August) SST variations and a 29-yr (1982–2010) record of September SST variations, the results of which are discussed. 相似文献