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1 INTRODUCTION Pit connection is an important feature in Rhodophyta and significant in algal phylogeny. Various documents have illustrated the existence of pit-connection in red alga previously (Migita, 1967; Ramus 1969a, b; Bourne et al., 1970; Lee and F… 相似文献
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Formation and early development of tetraspores of Polysiphonia urceolata （Rhodomelaceae, Rhodophyta）
Polysiphonia urceolata is one type of potential commercial red seaweeds used for breeding and cultivation, because of its significant biochemical
and biomedical application. However, the information of breeding and seedling incubation for cultivation is limited, especially
the early development. In this study, tetrasporohyte and gametophyte of P. urceolata were taken as the study materials in Huiquan Bay, Qingdao, China. The cleaned and sterilized tetrasporophytes and gametophytes
were pre-cultured in sterilized seawater, then nurtured at 18°C, 25 μmol photons m−2 s−1 in 12:12 h (light:dark) photoperiod. Continuous observation under microscope showed that the early development consists of
bipolar division stage and seedling stage. In the division stage, tetraspores germinate into bipolar sporelings that further
differentiate into a colorless rhizoidal portion and a lightly pigmented upright shoot. The lightly pigmented rhizoidal cell
develops to a rhizoid and the larger pigmented cell transforms to an erect axis. In the seedling stage, several quasi-protuberances
appear on the erect axis and form juvenile seedlings. The results demonstrate the culture of P. urceolata from tetraspores under laboratory conditions.
Supported by National Key Technology Support Program, Development Program of China (No.2006AA09Z21), National Natural Science
Foundation of China (No. 40618001 and N_CUHK438/06) and Shandong Agricultural Seed Stock Breeding Project 相似文献
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Phylogenomic analysis of transcriptomic sequences of mitochondria and chloroplasts for marine red algae (Rhodophyta) in China 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
JIA Shangang WANG Xumin QIAN Hao LI Tianyong SUN Jing WANG Liang YU Jun LI Xingang YIN Jinlong LIU Tao WU Shuangxiu 《海洋学报(英文版)》2014,33(2):86-93
The chloroplast and mitochondrion of red algae （Phylum Rhodophyta） may have originated from different endosymbiosis. In this study, we carried out phylogenomic analysis to distinguish their evolutionary lin-eages by using red algal RNA-seq datasets of the 1 000 Plants （1KP） Project and publicly available complete genomes of mitochondria and chloroplasts of Rhodophyta. We have found that red algae were divided into three clades of orders, Florideophyceae, Bangiophyceae and Cyanidiophyceae. Taxonomy resolution for Class Florideophyceae showed that Order Gigartinales was close to Order Halymeniales, while Order Graci-lariales was in a clade of Order Ceramials. We confirmed Prionitis divaricata （Family Halymeniaceae） was closely related to the clade of Order Gracilariales, rather than to genus Grateloupia of Order Halymeniales as reported before. Furthermore, we found both mitochondrial and chloroplastic genes in Rhodophyta under negative selection （Ka/Ks〈1）, suggesting that red algae, as one primitive group of eukaryotic algae, might share joint evolutionary history with these two organelles for a long time, although we identified some dif-ferences in their phylogenetic trees. Our analysis provided the basic phylogenetic relationships of red algae, and demonstrated their potential ability to study endosymbiotic events. 相似文献
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DNA条形码是指利用一段相对较短的标准DNA片段,对物种进行识别和鉴定。目前该技术在动物、植物物种鉴定领域已经得到了广泛的研究和应用。在藻类的研究中,尚未确定一条统一的标准条形码基因,现阶段都是使用2条或2条以上基因序列来完成物种鉴定。对于形态多样、种类繁多的海洋红藻,常用的DNA条形码基因有COI基因(Partial cytochrome c oxidase I gene)、UPA基因(Partial 23SrRNA gene,universal plastid amplicon)、LSU基因(Partial 28SrRNA gene)和rbcL基因(The large subunit of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase)等,这些基因中2个或3个基因的互补运用准确有效地提高了红藻的鉴定准确率,尤其是COI基因的种间差异大足够区分相近物种。本文在概述条形码的原理及其标准的基础上,阐述了红藻DNA条形码鉴定研究的新进展以及常用几种基因片段的优缺点,并对条形码在红藻鉴定中存在的问题进行了分析,对其应用前景进行了展望。 相似文献
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对2017年8月采集自辽宁大连獐子岛的部分红藻门海藻样品进行形态分类学研究。经鉴定,样品中包含角叉菜属1种及1变种,即角叉菜(Chondrusocellatus Holmes)和角叉菜小型变型(C.ocellatus f.parus Mikami);马泽藻属1种,即日本马泽藻(Mazzaella japonica(Mikami)Hommersand);蜈蚣藻属4种,即亚洲蜈蚣藻(Grateloupia asiatica Kawguchi et Wang)、链状蜈蚣藻(Grateloupia catenata Yendo)、青岛蜈蚣藻(Grateloupia qingdaoensis Li et Ding)和带形蜈蚣藻(Grateloupia turuturu Yamada)。文中提供了详细的物种鉴定特征描述、解剖学特征图片及生物地理分布信息等内容,研究结果丰富了中国黄海北部地区红藻门的物种多样性,对该地区海藻资源的保护和利用提供了一定的分类学依据。 相似文献
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Formation and early development of tetraspores of Polysiphonia urceolata (Rhodomelaceae, Rhodophyta)
Polysiphonia urceolata is one type of potential commercial red seaweeds used for breeding and cultivation, because of its significant biochemical and biomedical application. However, the information of breeding and seedling incubation for cultivation is limited, especially the early development. In this study, tetrasporohyte and gametophyte of P. urceolata were taken as the study materials in Huiquan Bay, Qingdao, China. The cleaned and sterilized tetrasporophytes and gametophytes were pre-cultured in sterilized seawater, then nurtured at 18℃, 25 μmol photons m-2 s-1 in 12:12 h (light:dark) photoperiod. Continuous observation under microscope showed that the early development consists of bipolar division stage and seedling stage. In the division stage, tetraspores germinate into bipolar sporelings that further differentiate into a colorless rhizoidal portion and a lightly pigmented upright shoot. The lightly pigmented rhizoidal cell develops to a rhizoid and the larger pigmented cell transforms to an erect axis. In the seedling stage, several quasi-protuberances appear on the erect axis and form juvenile seedlings. The results demonstrate the culture of P. urceolata from tetraspores under laboratory conditions. 相似文献
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The purpose of this study was to investigate the concentration levels of heavy metals in different species of the main three
marine algal divisions from the Gulf of Aden coastal waters, Yemen. The divisions included Chlorophyta—green plants (Halimeda tuna, Rhizoclonium kochiamum, Caldophora koiei, Enteromorpha compressa, and Caulerpa racemosa species), Phaeophyta—brown seaweeds (Padina boryana, Turbinaria elatensis, Sargassum binderi, Cystoseira myrica, and Sargassum boveanum species), and Rhodophyta—red seaweeds (Hypnea cornuta, Champia parvula, Galaxaura marginate, Laurencia paniculata, Gracilaria foliifere, and species). The heavy metals, which included cadmium (Cd), cobalt (Co), copper (Cu), chromium (Cr), Iron (Fe), manganese
(Mn), nickel (Ni), lead (Pb), zinc (Zn), and vanadium (V) were measured by Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAs). The
concentrations of heavy metals in all algal species are in the order of Fe >> Cu > Mn > Cr > Zn > Ni > Pb > Cd > V > Co. The
results also showed that the uptake of heavy metals by different marine algal divisions was in the order of Chlorophyta > Phaeophyta > Rhodophyta.
These heavy metals were several order of magnitude higher than the concentrations of the same metals in seawater. This indicates
that marine alga progressively uptake heavy metals from seawater. 相似文献
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Laurencia nanhaiense sp.nov.(Rhodomelaceae,Rhodophyta) is described from Hainan and Guangdong Provinces,China.The new species clearly displays one of the defining features of the genus,viz.four periaxial cells per vegetative axial segment.It differs from other closely related species in having a combination of features such as terete axes from a basal system composed of a primary discoid holdfast and a secondary attachment to give rise to many short rhizoids,branching oppositely and alternately,irregularly tristichous or subverticillately polystichous,having more curve branches with very sparse,adventitious ultimate branchlets,non-projecting superficial cortical cells at the apices of ultimate branchlets,presence of longitudinally oriented secondary pit-connections between contiguous superficial cortical cells,absence of lenticular thickenings in the walls of medullary cells,parallel arrangement of tetrasporangia along the axis of stichidia,and presence of intercellular spaces between medullary cells. 相似文献