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造礁石珊瑚与共生藻 Symbiodinium spp.的互利共生对维护多样性极为丰富的珊瑚礁生态系统至关重要.在受到诸如水温异常等环境胁迫时,宿主珊瑚会排出体内共生藻而导致珊瑚白化直至死亡.造礁石珊瑚群体丰富的颜色对于珊瑚适应环境有着重要的作用,即使是同种造礁石珊瑚的不同群体,它们在颜色上也会有差异.丛生盔形珊瑚 Galaxea.fascicularis 作为印度-太平洋区系常见种广泛分布于海南三亚珊瑚礁海域,不同群体的颜色相异.对绿色和褐色2种颜色的丛生盔形珊瑚群体共生藻的28S rDNA进行限制性片段长度多态性(polymerase chainreaction-restrictionfragmentlength polymorphism,PCR-RFLP)分析,结果显示,该珊瑚可以与C和D系群共生藻分别或同时共生.此外,丛生盔形珊瑚2种颜色群体的共生藻组成并无显著差异,表明珊瑚群体的颜色差异与共生藻的组成并无直接联系.影响珊瑚表型颜色的因素复杂,包括珊瑚的绿色荧光蛋白(green fluorescent protein,GFP)、珊瑚和共生藻的各种色素等,具体机理需要进一步研究. 相似文献
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FAN Lijing) SUI Zhenghong) * MAO Yunxiang) and GUO Hao) ) Division of Life Science Technology Ocean University of China Qingdao P. R. China ) National Marine Environmental Monitoring Center State Oceanic Administration Dalian P. R. China 《中国海洋大学学报(英文版)》2007,6(1):33-39
1 Introduction Dinoflagellate Alexandrium has received intensive at-tention in recent years, as it is a valuable bioactive com-pound resource and related to harmful algal bloom (HAB)which has negative impact on marine ecology systemaquiculture, human health and tourism (Hallegraeff andBolch, 1992; Smayda, 1997; Vale and Antonia de MSampayo, 2001). However, not all of the species in genusAlexandrium produce toxin (Wendy et al., 2001), so rapididentification and clarification of the phyloge… 相似文献
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Physiological response to high temperature in the Tropical Eastern Pacific coral Pocillopora verrucosa 
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下载免费PDF全文 Alma P. Rodríguez‐Troncoso Eugenio Carpizo‐Ituarte Amílcar L. Cupul‐Magaña 《Marine Ecology》2016,37(5):1168-1175
The ecological and economic values of coral reef communities have encouraged efforts to implement periodic visual survey programs to secure their conservation. To date, visual monitoring‐based approaches have detected bleaching events weeks or months after the initial onset. An evaluation of the stress response of coral colonies, as well as their ability to resist and recover from the stress events, may increase our understanding of the physiological processes underling the stress and/or acclimation responses. Coral bleaching events, caused primarily by abnormally high temperatures, are continuously affecting coral communities worldwide. To evaluate the stress and recovery responses of the reef‐building coral Pocillopora verrucosa, a laboratory study was conducted herein. Coral nubbins were exposed to high temperatures to induce bleaching, and their ability to resist and recover from bleaching was subsequently monitored after returning the corals to ambient temperature. Lipid and chlorophyll concentrations, as well as Symbiodinium spp. density, decreased in samples exposed to nearly 31°C, slowly recovering to near‐control levels upon return to non‐stressful conditions. The present data set allows for an assessment of the vulnerability and ability of this common species to resist sub‐optimal environmental conditions, particularly the thermal stress events that will occur more commonly in their habitats as global seawater temperatures continue to rise. 相似文献
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Michael J. Sweet 《Marine Ecology》2014,35(3):343-353
Several long‐term studies have monitored populations of algal symbionts, Symbiodinium sp., in coral hosts over different temporal and spatial scales, and among multiple host species. The extension of these studies to include environmental pools of algal symbionts from sources such as the water column, sediments, free‐floating mucus mats and those settling on biofilms has only been studied by a few, yet has the potential to enhance our understanding of the dynamics and controls on symbiont populations. Adaptive changes in the coral symbiont complement rely either on the uptake of new strains from the environment or population expansion of rarer strains in the existing symbiont population. The relative scope for these alternative pathways of uptake is unknown. This study therefore examined spatial changes in Symbiodinium clades within the water column at two different time periods and compared these with other environmental pools (biofilms, sediments, and mucus mats) and those within the dominant reef‐building species at the study site, Acropora muricata. A diversity of algal symbiont clades were detected in environmental pools, with specific clades associated with different habitats. At an island scale, there was significant variation in clade composition between sites separated by 0.5–7 km, a result which was repeated for both sample periods encompassing different seasons (March 2009 and August 2010). Although no single environmental pool contained a Symbiodinium complement comparable to that of the host coral species investigated, the dominant coral Symbiodinium were available in combinations of the environmental pools, indicating that the coral has the potential to obtain its symbionts from a variety of environmental sources. 相似文献
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There is currently much debate about the ecological advantages for reef corals of hosting multiple types of the symbiotic dinoflagellate Symbiodinium. Amongst these is their apparent capacity to tolerate higher than normal water temperatures. There is strong photokinetic evidence that the trait of heat‐tolerance in plants is accompanied by energetic tradeoffs but little such evidence yet exists for corals. We use rapid light curves (RLCs) to investigate the photokinetic basis for thermo‐tolerance in the reef coral Acropora millepora with symbionts of contrasting thermal tolerance for which there are measured differences in energetics. Our results show that under non‐stressful temperatures, corals with heat‐tolerant type D Symbiodinium had a 41% lower maximum relative electron transport rate (rETRmax) and lower light absorption efficiency (α) due to lower cell Chl a content compared with corals with heat‐sensitive type C2 symbionts. Our results provide support for a photokinetic link between heat tolerance and deficits in holobiont (coral + symbiont) growth, lipid stores and reproduction. Reduced electron transport rate and light absorption capacity may be genotype‐specific attributes that enable clade D symbionts and their cnidarian hosts to cope with temperature stress but they inherently influence the photosynthetic function of the symbionts and thus have negative downstream effects on the coral. 相似文献
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利用rDNA和ITS序列对1株裸甲藻的初步鉴定 总被引：6，自引：1，他引：5
测定了 1株分离自青岛胶州湾海水样品、从形态上初步确定为裸甲藻属 (Gymnodiniumsp,编号为 GYN- 1 5)的核糖体基因 (r DNA)和转录单元内间隔区 (Internal Transcribed Spacer,ITS)序列 ,并利用该序列对该藻进行了初步鉴定。测定的序列长 2 658bp,涵盖了小亚基 (smallsubunit,SSU) r DNA基因 3'端 1 747bp,ITS1 - 5.8S r DNA- ITS2全长和大亚基 (large subunit,LSU) r DNA基因 5'端 337bp。同源性分析该序列发现 GYN- 1 5与共生甲藻属 (Symbiodinium)中的 2个种 (Symbiodinium californium和 Gymnodinium varians)的对应序列具有很高的相似性 ;3株藻的各段 r DNA和 ITS序列的相似性均为 99%以上 ;以 SSU r DNA序列中的 3个可变区 (V1 V2 V3)和邻接法构建的系统树表明 ,GYN- 1 5与 S.californium和 G.varians构成 1个独立的新的子类群 ,该子类群属于共生甲藻属 ,而与各种裸甲藻的亲缘关系较远。根据这些结果可将GYN- 1 5初步鉴定为属于共生甲藻属。鉴于 GYN- 1 5和其它 2个种所构成的分支明显与 5个已知的子类群 (A,B,C,D,E)不同 ,因此将该分支命名为子类群 F。 相似文献
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