改进的层次分析法与模糊综合评价在评估水库诱发地震震级上限中的应用          下载免费PDF全文

李龙师  金波  冯志仁 《世界地震工程》2020,(3):223-232

为了评估水库诱发地震震级上限，收集了150余例水库诱发地震的震例资料；利用改进的层次分析法优化了各评价指标的权重；应用模糊综合评价方法评估了水库诱发地震震级上限；结合二滩水电站水库诱发地震实例与目前评估水库诱发地震震级最常用的灰色聚类分析法的评价结果进行了对比分析。结果表明:层次分析法与模糊综合评价相结合的震级上限评估方法评价结果更加可靠，可对水库及水工建筑物的建设位置及抗震设防提供参考。  相似文献   

基于可靠性的海洋立管疲劳安全系数研究     

吴剑国  万子诚  李智博  张萌  戴伟  孙政策 《海洋工程》2018,36(6):1-9

综合考虑了立管疲劳安全系数取值的相关因素——立管的安全等级、设计寿命、检验周期、载荷和损伤计算方法等的不确定性,提出了基于可靠度的疲劳安全系数确定方法,筛选了用于计算波致疲劳和VIV(涡激振动)疲劳的随机变量,给出了立管波致疲劳与VIV疲劳安全系数的计算流程,并以某SCR(钢悬链线立管)为例进行了安全系数计算。结果表明,该方法的计算结果优于传统的安全系数确定方法,尤其适合于特殊工程方案或新颖设计的立管疲劳校核。  相似文献   

Full moment tensor inversion constrained by double-couple focal mechanism for induced seismicity*          下载免费PDF全文

Yuyang Tan  Haijiang Zhang  Junlun Li  Chen Yin  Furong Wu 《地震科学（英文版）》2020,33(4):177-193

In this study, we propose a new method to determine full moment tensor solution for induced seismicity. This method generalizes the full waveform matching algorithm we have developed to determine the double-couple (DC) focal mechanism based on the neighbourhood algorithm. One major difference between the new method and the former one is that we adopt a new misfit function to constrain the candidate moment tensor solutions with respect to a reference DC solution in addition to other misfit terms characterizing the waveform matching. Through synthetic tests using a real passive seismic survey geometry, the results show the new constraint can help better recover the DC components of inverted moment tensors. We further investigate how errors in the velocity model and source location affect the moment tensor solution. The synthetic test results indicate that the constrained inversion is robust in recovering both the DC and non-DC components. We also test the proposed method on several real induced events in an oil/gas field in Oman using the same observation system as synthetic tests. While it is found that the full moment tensor solutions without using the DC constraints have much larger non-DC components than solutions with the DC constraints, both solutions are able to fit the observed waveforms at similar levels. The synthetic and real test results suggest the proposed DC constrained inversion method can reliably retrieve full moment tensor solutions for the induced seismicity.  相似文献   

Estuarine biofilm patterns: Modern analogues for Precambrian self-organization     

Roeland C. van de Vijsel  Jim van Belzen  Tjeerd J. Bouma  Daphne van der Wal  Valentina Cusseddu  Sam J. Purkis  Max Rietkerk  Johan van de Koppel 《地球表面变化过程与地形》2020,45(5):1141-1154

This field and laboratory study examines whether regularly patterned biofilms on present-day intertidal flats are equivalent to microbially induced bedforms found in geological records dating back to the onset of life on Earth. Algal mats of filamentous Vaucheria species, functionally similar to microbial biofilms, cover the topographic highs of regularly spaced ridge–runnel bedforms. As regular patterning is typically associated with self-organization processes, indicators of self-organization are tested and found to support this hypothesis. The measurements suggest that biofilm-induced sediment trapping and biostabilization enhance bedform relief, strength and multi-year persistence. This demonstrates the importance of primitive organisms for sedimentary landscape development. Algal-covered ridges consist of wavy-crinkly laminated sedimentary deposits that resemble the layered structure of fossil stromatolites and microbially induced sedimentary structures. In addition to layering, both the morphological pattern and the suggested formation mechanism of the recent bedforms are strikingly similar to microbialite strata found in rock records from the Precambrian onwards. This implies that self-organization was an important morphological process in times when biofilms were the predominant sessile ecosystem. These findings furthermore emphasize that self-organization dynamics, such as critical transitions invoking ecosystem emergence or collapse, might have been captured in fossil microbialites, influencing their laminae. This notion may be important for paleoenvironmental reconstructions based on such strata. © 2019 The Authors. Earth Surface Processes and Landforms published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd  相似文献   

深水铺管船托管架疲劳分析及动态监测点选取研究     

闫宏生  王哲  王晓波  陈永訢  孟祥伟 《海洋工程》2018,36(1):107-113

作为S型铺管作业的关键性装备,托管架长期承受着交变载荷的作用,随着海洋开发向超深水发展,结构疲劳破坏问题不容忽视。采用疲劳谱分析的方法并结合线性累积损伤理论,对托管架结构频域下的变形进行了分析,计算了正常海况下和极端海况下托管架疲劳损伤度并对疲劳寿命进行了评估。研究发现托管架在正常海况下作业符合安全要求,在极端海况下局部结构会受到破坏。并从托管架结构安全监测角度,筛选了结构疲劳分析关键点位,为监测点位的选取提供了依据。  相似文献   

高铁震源地震信号的挤压时频分析应用          下载免费PDF全文

王晓凯  陈文超  温景充  宁杰远  李嘉琪 《地球物理学报》2019,62(6):2328-2335

我国每天有数千趟高铁列车驰骋在纵横交错的高铁线路上,构成了十分理想的均布震源,但寻找适合高铁震源地震信号的处理方法是充分挖掘信息的关键.传统的频谱分析结果表明高铁震源所产生的地震信号具有明显的窄带分立谱特征,但无法精确获得高铁震源地震信号的时频变化规律.本文首次将挤压时频分析这种分析工具引入到高铁震源地震信号处理中,对中国南方某高铁沿线采集到的高铁震源地震数据进行了分析.处理结果表明:利用挤压时频分析能够更加精确地刻画频率成分随时间的变化,能够利用单检波器精确刻画高铁列车的运行状态(匀速、加速等);同时利用挤压时频变换还可高精度地重构出所需频带的信号,为提取高铁震源地震信号的特征成分提供了一种有力工具.  相似文献   

Analysis of Safe Span Length and Fatigue Life of Submarine Pipelines     

HE Zhang-feng  WEI Yuan  LIU Shu-lin 《中国海洋工程》2020,(1):119-130

Owing to the complex environmental conditions, suspension could induce complicated forces on submarine pipelines and even cause vortex-induced vibration, resulting in fatigue damage of pipelines. Through aiming at the 28-inch submarine pipeline in the East China Sea, the pipeline was segmented according to the similarity, considering the factors of pipe assembly, typhoon, current, wave and seabed topography. The effects of span length on natural frequency in each section of submarine pipeline were analyzed by finite element model. The maximum safe span length allowed by each pipeline section was verified by fatigue cumulative damage theory, and the fatigue life of each pipeline section were predicted. The results showed that each order natural frequency of the pipeline decreased with the increase of span length. The calculated results of empirical formulas were much smaller than those of the FEM analysis. The increase of the gap between the suspended pipeline and the seabed was beneficial to enhance the fatigue life of the suspended pipeline.  相似文献   

2017年6月16日湖北秭归Ms4.3地震成因初探     

李伟  储日升  王烁帆 《地震》2019,39(3):28-42

北京时间2017年6月16日19时48分, 湖北省秭归县发生M_S4.3地震(震中位置31.06°N, 110.48°E)。 此次地震导致当地160多间建筑物出现不同程度损坏, 100多人生活受到影响, 震区中危岩体出现一定程度破坏。 分析此次地震的震源参数将有助于了解其震源特征和发震机制。 本文首先获取了震中距在3°以内的40个宽频带固定台站的三分量数据, 然后利用FK(Frequency wavenumber)方法计算了在不同深度下Crust2.0模型和改进的1-D模型的格林函数, 分别使用Cut And Paste(CAP)方法反演得到本次地震的震源机制解和深度; 并采用基阶Rayleigh波振幅谱进一步约束了质心深度。 结果表明此次地震的最佳震源机制解的节面Ⅰ: 68°/59°/163°; 节面Ⅱ: 166°/75°/32°, 最佳矩震级为M_W4.3, 最佳深度约为5 km。 对比2013年巴东地震、 2014年秭归地震以及2011年湖北阳新—江西瑞昌地震的震源参数和余震信息, 此次地震有可能是水库诱发地震, 但要判断成因还需进一步研究。  相似文献   

基于并行计算的海洋平台谱分析疲劳筛选技术研究     

李洛东  刘成名  梁园华 《海洋工程》2018,36(5):56-64

为了得到海洋平台疲劳失效风险最大的焊接区域,提出了以有限元网格单元应力为基础的谱分析筛选方法,并开发了程序。程序采用并行计算架构,单次完成数万个单元的累积损伤度/疲劳寿命计算,并通过有限元软件以云图方式显示疲劳寿命。采用该程序计算双浮筒半潜式平台的疲劳寿命。结果表明,该型平台疲劳失效风险较高的区域为立柱与上壳体下浮体连接对角线转角区域、浮筒中纵舱壁与立柱连接区域。并行计算方法的引入,大大缩减疲劳损伤度计算的分析时间,采用22核心的CPU,时间缩短为原来的1/18.5,17小时完成全平台外壳单元谱分析计算。  相似文献   

滴西12井区储集层伤害机理研究及防膨效果评价     

冷严  吴运强  殷新花  阿达莱提  宋志理  王兰芬 《新疆地质》2011,29(4):466-469

针对滴西12井区勘探开发中可能存在的储层伤害问题,通过开展储层敏感性特征、注水适应性评价及防膨稳定剂效果评价等综合研究,结合该区块储层具体情况,明确现场注水伤害类型及程度,推出相对合适、匹配、经济实用的防膨稳定剂,减小注水开发过程中储层敏感性伤害,增强注水开发效果,从而达到高效、合理开发滴西12井区油藏目的.  相似文献