Anatomical Study of Cretaceous, Permineralized, Bennettitalean Fossils from Heilongjiang Province, NE China     

LIU Fengxiang  YANG Xiaonan  CHENG Yeming 《《地质学报》英文版》2022,96(5):1495-1501

Well-preserved Cretaceous trunk fragments of Cycadeoidea (Cycadeoidaceae) were recently found in Keshan County, Heilongjiang Province, Northeast China. These fossils represent important evidence of the distribution of this group of plants in East Asia. In these trunk fragments, the stem cortices and leaf bases with cones are preserved. The leaf bases are rhombic with cones infrequently distributed among leaf bases. The cortex is broad and consists of fundamental parenchyma cells, numerous secretory ducts and C-shaped leaf traces with adaxial secondary xylem and abaxial secondary phloem. The genus Cycadeoidea, which is widely distributed in the Cretaceous deposits of East Asia, North America and Western Europe, was an important component of Cretaceous floras. Bennettitalean trunk fossils with well-preserved anatomical structures are rarely known from China. These fossils are important for studies of the evolution of genus Cycadeoidea and for stratigraphic correlation.  相似文献   

红纤维虾海藻(Phyllospadix iwatensis)形态结构特征及其对海洋环境的适应性     

曹政飞  张伟  赵宏 《海洋与湖沼》2015,46(6):1326-1332

红纤维虾海藻作为海洋沉水高等植物具有重要的生态与渔业价值。该物种目前已经处于濒 危状态, 且研究资料十分匮乏。本研究通过实地生境调查, 对其进行了形态学与解剖学研究, 并在此 基础上对其海洋环境的结构适应性进行了较为深入的探讨。研究结果表明: 红纤维虾海藻须根末端 膨大并密生根毛, 有利于增强植株的抓附能力和吸收能力; 表皮细胞细胞壁具有类似栓化细胞初生 壁性质的六面加厚现象, 与外部多层皮层厚角组织形成机械组织区, 叶鞘内侧含有丰富的机械组织, 使结构的抗性加强, 能承受较强的海流冲击; 雄花序中无退化雌蕊, 雌花序兼具雌蕊和退化的雄蕊, 花序轴两侧着生数枚桨状小苞片, 花粉丝状, 利于授粉, 传粉方式为水媒和半水媒传粉; 小坚果密 生倒向长鬃毛, 便于果实在海流中固着锚定。该研究弥补了目前对海洋沉水高等植物适应性进化特 征理解的不足, 也为该物种在生态修复中的应用提供了科学依据。  相似文献   

Ibla cumingi (Crustacea, Cirripedia) -A Gonochoristic Species (Anatomy, Dwarfing and Systematic Implications)     

Waltraud  Klepal 《Marine Ecology》1985,6(1):47-119

Abstract. Ibla cumingi (Crustacea, Cirripedia) is a gonochoristic species with dwarf males. The anatomy of both sexes is described and compared with that of other Cirripedia s. str. Systematic implications on the basis of anatomy and biology are given. The degree of dwarfing in the male and the possible cause and way of reduction are discussed.  相似文献   

八种海产硬骨鱼类消化系统的比较解剖研究   总被引：20，自引：0，他引：20  

王迎春  周勤 《海洋湖沼通报》1997,(3):46-51

本文对硬骨类中的5个目、8科、8属、8种鱼类的消化系统作了比较解剖研究。8种鱼类均为肉食性，但由于所摄取的动物种类不同，因此8种鱼类在消化系统各部分形态结构上各具特点。消化系统各部特点是与食性及食物种类相适的。  相似文献   

孔子鸟化石研究新进展     

姬书安 《地质科技情报》2001,20(2):30-34

孔子鸟（Confuciusornis）是最早具有角质喙及尾综骨的原始鸟类化石，同时兼具明显原始和显著进步的特征，在研究鸟类的早期演化方面具有极为重要的意义。孔子鸟头骨为典型的原始双孔类型，其角质喙与其它鸟类的角质喙是在进化过程中分别独立获得的。孔子鸟具有肋骨钩状突，这很可能代表着一种原始性状。孔子鸟飞羽发达，但未发育小翼羽。孔子鸟与长城鸟（Changchengornis)构成一组姊妹群，反鸟类(Enantiornithes)与今鸟类（Ornithurae)变构成一组姊妹群，这两类群又互为姊妹群关系。在孔子鸟已命名的4个种中，川州种（C.chuanzhous)和孙氏种（C.sunae)是圣贤种（C.sanctus)的晚出同物异名，应予以废弃。孔子鸟主要适应陆地生活，具有较强的飞行能力，并能够从地面起飞。目前关于孔子鸟的地质时代仍存在着晚侏罗世与早白垩世之争，但大多数动物化石都证实了孔子鸟层为晚侏罗世的观点。  相似文献   

青藏高原植物形态和解剖适应性研究进展     

张卫芸  唐亚 《山地学报》2006,24(B10):294-299

与低海拔地区相比，青藏高原的太阳辐射、水分条件、氧分压、气温等环境条件都有明显差异，青藏高原的植物在细胞壁厚度、栅栏细胞层数、通气组织大小、异细胞数量和分布、表皮附属物类型等方面与低海拔地区的相比也有较大的不同。综述了在青藏高原特殊的生态条件下，植物在形态和解剖方面的适应性表现，分析了该领域目前的研究特点和存在的一些问题，并在全球环境变化背景下，对其发展前景进行了展望，指出了未来的发展趋势。  相似文献   

劈裂生长的形态发生及内部解剖结构特征的研究   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

侯艳伟  王迎春  杨持  征荣 《中国沙漠》2006,26(2):254-258

 对绵刺劈裂生长的形态发生及内部解剖结构特征进行了观察，研究结果如下：①绵刺的劈裂生长有两种类型，一种是首先茎从基部到根部发生多次劈裂，以后地上的茎部再相应发生分裂而形成几个独立的植株；另一种是茎基部以上的部位先发生纵裂，而根部后发生分离；②劈裂生长首先在茎基部发生，当绵刺植株生长到5 a以上的时候，这个部位的形成层活动不均匀，出现不规则的木质部排列，形成花环状结构，在相邻的两环状部位进行劈裂；③由于受劈裂生长的影响，劈裂发生后的植株的根部年轮分布不规则，发生劈裂部位的形成层活动不均匀，形成的次生木质部中导管数量少，口径也小，木纤维数量增多，细胞排列紧密而形成缢缩。  相似文献   

Comparative anatomical studies of Artocarpus altilis(Parkinson) Fosberg and Artocarpus communis(J. R. &G. Forster) in Nigeria     

Akinwumi J. Akinloye  Temitope I. Borokini  Kehinde A. Adeniji  Funmilola M. Akinnubi 《寒旱区科学》2015,7(6):709-721

  相似文献   

Ancient charcoal as a natural archive for paleofire regime and vegetation change in the Mayumbe,Democratic Republic of the Congo     

Wannes Hubau  Jan Van den Bulcke  Peter Kitin  Florias Mees  Geert Baert  Dirk Verschuren  Laurent Nsenga  Joris Van Acker  Hans Beeckman 《Quaternary Research》2013

Charcoal was sampled in four soil profiles at the Mayumbe forest boundary (DRC). Five fire events were recorded and 44 charcoal types were identified. One stratified profile yielded charcoal assemblages around 530 cal yr BP and > 43.5 cal ka BP in age. The oldest assemblage precedes the period of recorded anthropogenic burning, illustrating occasional long-term absence of fire but also natural wildfire occurrences within tropical rainforest. No other charcoal assemblages older than 2500 cal yr BP were recorded, perhaps due to bioturbation and colluvial reworking. The recorded paleofires were possibly associated with short-lived climate anomalies. Progressively dry climatic conditions since ca. 4000 cal yr BP onward did not promote paleofire occurrence until increasing seasonality affected vegetation at the end of the third millennium BP, as illustrated by a fire occurring in mature rainforest that persisted until around 2050 cal yr BP. During a drought episode coinciding with the ‘Medieval Climate Anomaly’, mature rainforest was locally replaced by woodland savanna. Charcoal remains from pioneer forest indicate that fire hampered forest regeneration after climatic drought episodes. The presence of pottery shards and oil-palm endocarps associated with two relatively recent paleofires suggests that the effects of climate variability were amplified by human activities.  相似文献   

海马(HIPPOCAMPUS)消化道的解剖学与组织学研究     

蔡仲希 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》1987,(4)

本文研究了大海马Hippocampus kuda Bleeker,日本海马H·japonicus kauP和三斑海马H.trimacutatue Leach消化道的形态学。三种鱼类消化道的解剖学特点基本相同。消化道均可区分出头肠、前肠、中肠和后肠。中肠最长。口孔小,口腔呈管状,口鳃腔内无齿,无鳃耙,无舌,鳃孔小。不具胃,也无幽门垂,中肠前部稍为扩大形成假胃。 组织学方面共同特点为:粘膜上皮主要由柱状细胞和球形分泌细胞组成。上皮内无多细胞消化腺,未发现味蕾。大海马与日本海马在食道纵褶的形状,球形分泌细胞的分布区,假胃肌层的排列及上皮细胞的形状等方面有种的差别。  相似文献