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1.
刘志高  张薇 《地理研究》2018,37(7):1349-1363
以演化经济地理学为理论基础,综合经济地理学、产业经济学等相关研究成果,认为中国高新技术产业的形成与发展是本地要素与全球力量、历史条件与现实努力、技术创新与制度变革共同作用的结果,并构建了基于多尺度、多要素的中国高新技术产业分叉动力机制分析框架。同时,以武汉市作为案例区,通过梳理武汉市生物产业形成和演化历程,总结影响其生物产业发展的要素和作用形式。研究发现:生物产业与本地光电子产业之间的技术联系、高校和研究所、以及企业本身仅仅是决定生物产业在武汉市形成的一部分因素,地方政府、跨国公司和留学归国人员等主体也是促成生物产业“生根发芽”的重要主体,它们在武汉生物产业发展的各个阶段,作用程度是不同的。这一点是区别于欧美发达国家以技术为核心的产业分叉研究的,也在一定程度上反映出中国目前的高新技术产业发展仍然停留在“量的扩张”阶段,与欧美发达国家以“质的提升”为主的发展本质有所不同。  相似文献   
2.
黄河现行清水沟流路汊河运用方案探讨   总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0  
对黄河河口现行清水沟流路范围内不同汊河的形成、演化及其特征进行了梳理总结,围绕汊河不同运用方案的影响效应进行了论证分析。研究表明:现行清水沟流路范围内的汊河运用方案不适用于多汊河轮流行河模式、同时行河与轮流行河联合模式和同时行河模式,而采用单一汊河轮流行河模式可以充分发挥海洋输沙动力,保证河口海域向外海的较大输沙量,对延长清水沟流路使用年限更有利,更为科学和经济合理。在现行清8汊河达到改道标准后,应优先使用老河道汊河,该方案不仅有利于未来海岸线的均衡发展,而且更有利于延长清水沟流路的使用年限。  相似文献   
3.
现代洞穴动态监测的一个先决条件就是为洞穴碳酸盐(CaCO3)沉积物-石笋的各种替代指标的解译提供可靠的依据,充分利用现代碳酸盐(CaCO3)沉积物的各种替代指标,并与现代器测气象资料进行相互对比、并用以校正,是精确或定量解释石笋气候替代指标的关键.
经对桂林七星岩15号支洞的5个滴水点进行了长达四个水文年(2008~2011年)的大气降水、洞穴滴水、现代碳酸盐沉积物的动态监测和研究,并探讨了洞穴滴水和现代碳酸盐(CaCO3)的δ18O与降水δ18O的相关关系.研究表明,洞穴滴水和现代碳酸盐(CaCO3)的年平均δ18O值非常接近降水的δ18O平均值,并具有与地表降水δ18O相同的变化趋势,反映了洞穴滴水和现代碳酸盐(CaCO3)的δ18O主要来自大气降水的δ18O,即明显受控于降水的δ18O.在4个水文年中,现代洞穴次生化学碳酸盐(CaCO3)沉积物的δ18O值与滴水的δ18O值记录的年内(或年际)变化或多年的变化趋势基本相同,表现出明显的四高峰(δ18O低值区)四低谷(δ18O高值区)的波动变化特征,具有明显的年际、季节性变化规律,显示具有雨热同季的特点.研究结果表明洞穴滴水和洞穴现代碳酸盐(CaCO3)沉积物的δ18O可以记录当地或洞穴上方的气候变化信号,即现代碳酸盐(CaCO3)沉积物的δ18O主要作为夏季风强度或降雨量的替代指标.  相似文献   
4.
通过野外实际观察和室内模拟分析,依据现代沉积中的底内生物扰动构造三维结构清晰可辨的特征,认为现代河口湾的动物潜穴均可按照规则的几何体求得个体扰动指数,在此基础上,对河口湾地区生物扰动特点作了研究  相似文献   
5.
In an endeavour to resolve reported discrepancies in the value of the branching ratio of176Lu at astrophysical energies, a new determineation of the175Lu ()176mLu capture cross section has been measured as 958 ± 58 mb. This gives a value of the branching ratio of 0.21 ±0.05. This result indicates that some reequilibration of the ground and isomeric states of176Lu occurs in stellar environments undergoing s-process nucleosynthesis, and confirms that176Lu is not a reliable cosmochronometer. However the very existence of176Lu in the solar system implies that the ground state of176Lu was not completely depopulated, and provides the possibility of using this nuclide as a sensitive thermometer for stellar processes.  相似文献   
6.
The thickness of the mechanical layer that hosts a group of faults can be estimated from the spacing of saturated faults (i.e. the constant spacing between faults when the fault system is fully developed and has attained its final fault density). We measured fault spacing for a group of saturated active normal faults on Miyako‐jima Island (southern Ryukyu Arc, Japan) and estimated the thickness of the faulted mechanical layer. The measured fault spacing is 1.30 ±0.14 km, and the thickness of the mechanical layer is < 3 km, which is the upper limit of the seismogenic zone. This faulted mechanical layer corresponds to a sedimentary layer in which earthquakes cannot occur. Results indicate that the shallow (< 3 km depth) normal faults on Miyako‐jima Island do not have the potential to cause medium‐size earthquakes as individual faults. The origin of the shallow normal faults might be related to the presence of a larger‐scale, deeper fault. The results indicate that fault spacing provides important information on the potential magnitude of earthquakes associated with active faults.  相似文献   
7.
导水岩溶陷落柱堵水塞建造技术   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
以东庞矿特大陷落柱突水快速封堵工程为例,分析了陷落柱空间结构特征及突水水文地质条件,提出了对突水陷落柱进行快速截水恢复生产和注浆封堵根治水患两个阶段的治理方案。根据陷落柱的空间特征及工程地质条件,确立了分序分段注浆工艺,并且给出了不同阶段注浆工艺的控制标准;建立了注浆钻孔分序分段注浆的吸水率结束标准;提出了在井下疏放堵水塞之上的陷落柱残留水,计算补给水量,定量评价堵水效果的检验方法;采用先进的螺杆钻具定向、随钻测斜与防斜纠偏钻探工艺,使钻进方向始终处于受控状态,确保钻机按照设计参数施工。  相似文献   
8.
Spontaneous bilateral mode II shear ruptures were nucleated on faults in photoelastic Homalite plates loaded in uniaxial compression. Rupture velocities were measured and the interaction between the rupture front and short fault branches was observed using high-speed digital photography. Fault branches were formed by machining slits of varying lengths that intersected the fault plane over a range of angles. These branches were frictionless because they did not close under static loading prior to shear rupture nucleation. Three types of behavior were observed. First, the velocity of both rupture fronts was unaffected when the fault branches were oriented 45° to the main slip surface and the length of the branches were less than or equal to ~0.75 R0* (where R0* is the slip-weakening distance in the limit of low rupture speed and an infinitely long slip-pulse). Second, rupture propagation stopped at the branch on the compressive side of the rupture tip but was unaffected by the branch on the tensile side when the branches were ~1.5 R0* in length and remained oriented 45° to the principle slip surface. Third, branches on the tensile side of the rupture tip nucleated tensile ``wing tip' extensions when the branches were oriented at 70° to the interface. Third, when the branches were oriented at 70° to the interface, branches on the tensile side of the rupture tip nucleated tensile ``wing-crack' extensions. We explain these observations using a model in which the initial uniaxial load produces stress concentrations at the tips of the branches, which perturb the initial stress field on the rupture plane. These stress perturbations affect both the resolved shear stress driving the rupture and the fault-normal stress that controls the fault strength, and together they explain the observed changes in rupture speed.  相似文献   
9.
This study discusses branching of the Kuroshio Current including North Pacific Intermediate Water (NPIW) into the South China Sea (SCS). The spreading path of the subtropical salinity minimum of NPIW is southwestward pointing to the Luzon Strait between Taiwan and Luzon islands. Using a large collection of updated hydrography, results show that the SCS is a cul-de-sac for the subtropical NPIW because even the NPIW’s upper boundary neutral density surface σ N = 26.5 is completely blocked by the Palawan sill and partly blocked by the southern Mindoro Strait. In autumn, NPIW is driven out of the Luzon Strait by the preceding anticyclonic summer monsoon due to an intraseasonal variation and seasonal phase lag response to the weaker summer monsoon. Stronger inflow under winter monsoon than outflow under summer monsoon results in a net annual transport of NPIW of about 1.1 ± 0.2 Sv (1 Sv = 106 m3s−1) into the SCS. This net transport accounts for the anomaly in NPIW transport across the World Ocean Circulation Experiment section P8 (130° E). An earlier study estimated a large westward NPIW transport of about 3.9 ± 0.2 Sv, resulting in a difference of 1.2 ± 0.2 Sv from the basin-wide mean of 2.7 ± 0.2 Sv. Observations are generally in agreement with numerical results although the intraseasonal signal seems to cause a slight bias and remains to be simulated by future model experiments.  相似文献   
10.
长江河口咸潮入侵规律及淡水资源利用   总被引:29,自引:1,他引:28  
长江河口系多级分汉潮汐河口,其盐水入侵有外海入侵、倒灌、浅滩通道水体交换及漫归槽等4种形式,时间上有周日、朔望、洪枯季、年际等变化特点,南支-南港河希纵向上存在3条盐度梯度急剧春特有的盐度时空变化规律。研究成果对宝钢水源长江引水方案的形成超了重要作用,并为陈行水库的选址、库容设计提供了基础数据。在长江河口建库,研究工作的重点是推算最长连续取不到合格水的天数,它是确定库容的关键数据。  相似文献   
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