Facies and sequence stratigraphic architecture of the Mural Limestone (Albian), Arizona: Carbonate response to global and local factors and implications for reservoir characterization     

Rachel Aisner-Williams  Charles Kerans 《Sedimentology》2020,67(7):3735-3768

This study documents the detailed facies and sequence stratigraphic architecture of a multi-cyclic patch-reef and its associated ramp interior facies that formed during Oceanic Anoxic Event 1b in the Mural Limestone, Arizona, USA. Ramp interior facies are comprised of bedded wackestone/packstone, rudist build-up and coral–algal patch-reef facies located north of Bisbee, Arizona, at the Grassy Hill locality. The larger multi-cyclic patch-reef that developed coevally ca 5 km to the south of Grassy Hill consists of a high-angle windward margin with a narrow ca 70 m long reef frame containing vertically zonated Microsolena, Actinastrea, diverse branching coral and rudist assemblages, and an 870 m long low-angle leeward margin comprised of reef debris rudstone and grainstone shoal facies. Similar reef geomorphology and orientation is documented across the Gulf of Mexico and reflects the shelf-wide north to north-east-trending prevailing wind and current energies. Controls affecting reef formation and growth patterns include changes in accommodation space associated with low-amplitude global sea-level rise and regional thermotectonic subsidence, local accommodation space and nutrient fluctuations associated with the inner shelf depositional setting within a humid and siliciclastic-rich environment. Four aggradational to retrogradational high-frequency sequences are documented in Arizona: High-frequency sequences 1 and 2 represent the first pulse of patch-reef development in an overall second-order marine transgression over the Sonora/Bisbee Shelf. These sequences correlate to δ¹³C signatures associated with Oceanic Anoxic Event 1b across the Gulf of Mexico and suggest that carbonate reefs persisted on the ramp interior during this time. High-frequency sequences 3 and 4 record a second brief transgression and backstepping of reef facies followed by the final regression of shallow shelf carbonates that correlates to more robust patch-reef development in Sonora, Mexico. The patch-reef at Paul Spur is an excellent outcrop analogue for productive patch-reefs in the Maverick Basin (Comanche Shelf) of Texas. Detailed facies mapping of this outcrop analogue shows that the greatest reservoir potential is contained within the backreef grainstone shoals where primary porosity of up to 15% is observed.  相似文献   

强光照和黑暗条件下刺参体壁的基因表达差异     

张立斌  冯其明  孙丽娜  房燕  徐冬雪  张涛  杨红生 《海洋学报(英文版)》2018,37(5):54-66

参对光照变化非常敏感，研究刺参对光照的分子响应非常重要。本研究应用RNA测序获取了刺参暴露于强光（“强光”）、正常光照（“对照”）和完全黑暗（“黑暗”）环境下体壁的基因表达谱情况，通过“对照”与“黑暗”，“对照”与“强光”和“黑暗”与“强光”的比较，在|log₂ ratio|≥1和FDR≤0.001的标准下分别发现了1161、113和1705个差异表达基因（DEGs）。基因本体分析表明，“cellular process”和“binding”在“生物过程”和“分子功能”类别中的DEGs富集最多，而“cell”和“cell part”在“细胞组分”类别中的DEGs富集最多。将DEGs与Kyoto Encyclopedia基因和基因组数据库上的于214、41和229条通路进行比对，发现了51、2和57条通路分别显著富集。本研究发现的光特异性DEGs可作为深入研究刺参对光照变化的生化适应机制的重要目标基因。  相似文献   

Copper Isotopic Analysis in Geological and Biological Reference Materials by MC‐ICP‐MS     

Kaj Sullivan  Daniel Layton‐Matthews  Matthew Leybourne  James Kidder  Zoltn Mester  Lu Yang 《Geostandards and Geoanalytical Research》2020,44(2):349-362

The characterisation of relative copper isotope amount ratios (δ⁶⁵Cu) helps constrain a variety of geochemical processes occurring in the geosphere, biosphere and hydrosphere. The accurate and precise determination of δ⁶⁵Cu in matrix reference materials is crucial in the effort to validate measurement methods. With the goal of expanding the number and variety of available geological and biological materials, we have characterised the δ⁶⁵Cu values of ten reference materials by MC‐ICP‐MS using C‐SSBIN model for mass bias correction. SGR‐1b (Green River shale), DOLT‐5 (dogfish liver), DORM‐4 (fish protein), TORT‐3 (lobster hepatopancreas), MESS‐4 (marine sediment) and PACS‐3 (marine sediment) have for the first time been characterised for δ⁶⁵Cu. Additionally, four reference materials (with published δ⁶⁵Cu values) have been characterised: BHVO‐1 (Hawaiian basalt), BIR‐1 (Icelandic basalt), W‐2a (diabase) and Seronorm? Trace Elements Serum L‐1 (human serum). The reference materials measured in this study possess complex and varied matrices with copper mass fractions ranging from 1.2 µg g^?1 to 497 µg g^?1 and δ⁶⁵Cu values ranging from ?0.20‰ to 0.52‰ with a mean expanded uncertainty of ± 0.07‰ (U, k = 2), covering much of the natural copper isotope variability observed in the environment.  相似文献   

利用扩增vvhA基因的环介导等温扩增技术快速，特异而敏感地检测创伤弧菌     

张丽娜  王明义  丛殿霞  丁淑研  丛日楠  岳进勇  耿建利  胡成进 《海洋学报(英文版)》2018,37(4):83-88

创伤弧菌是一种可感染人类的河口病原菌。建立快速，特异而敏感的检测方法，有助于创伤弧菌感染的早期疾病诊断和及时治疗。本研究设计了针对vvhA基因的一系列引物（包括两对外部引物和两对内部引物），采用环介导等温扩增技术（LAMP）来检测创伤弧菌。结果显示，本方法的最适扩增温度是63℃，反应仅需35分钟。扩增产物不仅可以用含有DNA ladder的琼脂糖凝胶电泳检出，也可借助钙黄绿素直接肉眼观察。采用45株菌株检测该方法的特异性，其中所有创伤弧菌均被检出而其他菌株检测结果皆为阴性。本方法的敏感性是普通PCR扩增的100倍，同时利用该方法可以准确检测出所有的模拟样品、临床标本及环境样品。与其他已知方法比较，针对vvhA基因的介导等温扩增技术可以快速、简单、敏感及特异地鉴定创伤弧菌。  相似文献   

Late Holocene changes in vegetation and atmospheric circulation at Lake Uddelermeer (The Netherlands) reconstructed using lipid biomarkers and compound‐specific δD analysis          下载免费PDF全文

《第四纪科学杂志》2018,33(1):100-111

  相似文献   

汶川地震前的b值变化   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0       下载免费PDF全文

史海霞  孟令媛  张雪梅  常莹  杨振涛  谢蔚云  服部克巳  韩鹏 《地球物理学报》2018,61(5):1874-1882

Gutenberg-Richter定理给出了地震频度随震级的分布特征.大量研究表明频度-震级关系的斜率（b值）在大地震孕育的过程中会出现减小.为了考察b值在汶川地震孕育过程中的时间演化特征，本文尝试基于破裂断层选取研究区域，考察了2000年1月至2008年4月间，汶川地震（M_S8.0）破裂区的地震活动性，并对该区域b值的变化进行了探讨.结果表明，在2005年中至2006年底，地震月频度及季度频度有一个较明显的下降.b值从2002年始至地震前呈现出一个长期趋势性减小；在地震前约半年，出现快速、显著的下降.b值的这一时间变化特征与其他研究者报道的日本东北M_W9.0级地震前的b值变化特征具有很高相似性，可能反映了大地震准备过程中的应力变化.以上结果有益于认识和理解大地震孕育演化过程，同时也表明b值在中长期地震灾害评估中具有潜在价值.  相似文献   

2013-2016年乳山震群b值深度变化特征及意义     

申金超  徐波  张斌  苏道磊  刘晨 《地震地磁观测与研究》2018,39(2):25-32

利用双差定位方法，对2013年10月—2016年12月乳山震群进行重定位，并计算乳山震群中地震集中活动区域b值，分析其深度分布变化。结果显示：地震重定位后表现为近NW向集中分布；b值在震源深度7.4 km上下最小，反映该深度处应力最强；乳山震群b值并不随震源深度增大而呈系统性减小变化，且深度10.2 km以下无有效b值，进一步证实该震群近NW向发震断裂的存在。根据b值随深度的变化特征，推测断裂活动的高应力区域集中在6.5—10.2 km深度范围内，断裂活动在深度7.4 km处应力最强，且水平分布最广；相比上下两侧地壳介质b值在5.5—6.2 km深度层位明显增大，反映该深度层位介质性质存在明显差异。  相似文献   

The δ60/58Ni Values of Twenty‐Six Selected Geological Reference Materials     

Weihan Li  Jian‐Ming Zhu  Decan Tan  Guilin Han  Zhouqiao Zhao  Guangliang Wu 《Geostandards and Geoanalytical Research》2020,44(3):523-535

The high‐precision δ^60/58Ni values of twenty‐six geological reference materials, including igneous rocks, sedimentary rocks, stream sediments, soils and plants are reported. The δ^60/58Ni values of all samples were determined by double‐spike MC‐ICP‐MS (Nu Plasma III). Isotope standard solution (NIST SRM 986) and geological reference materials (BHVO‐2, BCR‐2, JP‐1, PCC‐1, etc.) were used to evaluate the measurement bias and intermediate precision over a period of six months. Our results show that the intermediate precision of Ni isotope determination was 0.05‰ (2s, n = 69) for spiked NIST SRM 986 and typically 0.06‰ for actual samples, and the δ^60/58Ni _{NIST SRM 986} values were in excellent agreement with previous studies. Eighteen high‐precision Ni isotope ratios of geological reference materials are first reported here, and their δ^60/58Ni values varied from ?0.27‰ to 0.52‰, with a mean of 0.13 ± 0.34‰ (2s, n = 18). Additionally, SGR‐1b (0.56 ± 0.04‰, 2s), GSS‐1 (?0.27 ± 0.06‰, 2s), GSS‐7 (?0.11 ± 0.01‰, 2s), GSD‐10 (0.46 ± 0.06‰, 2s) and GSB‐12 (0.52 ± 0.06‰, 2s) could potentially serve as candidate reference materials for Ni isotope fractionation and comparison of Ni isotopic compositions among different laboratories.  相似文献   

黄条(鰤)(Seriola aureovittata)MyHC基因克隆及其在早期发育阶段表达研究     

史宝  孙冉冉  柳学周  徐永江  姜燕  王滨  张正荣 《海洋与湖沼》2020,51(2):422-432

为解析肌球蛋白重链(MyHC)基因在黄条鰤(Seriola aureovittata)生长发育过程中作用机制,本研究采用RACE技术,克隆了黄条鰤MyHC基因全长cDNA序列,采用荧光定量PCR(qRT-PCR)方法对MyHC在黄条鰤不同组织、胚胎发育过程以及仔稚幼鱼发育过程中的表达特征进行了研究。结果表明:黄条鰤MyHC基因全长为6143bp,开放阅读框为5811bp,编码了1936个氨基酸,由3个保守结构域组成即MYSc-classⅡ、Myosin taill和SH3;系统进化树分析显示黄条鰤MyHC与高体鰤进化关系最近。qRT-PCR分析发现黄条鰤MyHC在各组织中均有表达,但在肌肉中表达量最高(P0.05);随着黄条鰤胚胎发育的进行,MyHC在16细胞期之前表达量较高,在胚体下包2/3时期表达量显著升高,且在孵化期达到峰值(P0.05:);在仔稚幼鱼发育阶段,MyHC在孵化后20d后表达量显著升高,30d表达水平达到峰值(P0.05),随后的35d到40d表达水平略有下降但仍保持较高表达趋势,黄条鰤MyHC表达具有发育阶段表达的特异性。MyHC表达特征揭示其参与了调控黄条鰤的早期生长发育。  相似文献   

hedgehog基因在笠贝(Lottia goshimai)早期发育中的表达模式研究     

杨伟红  郇聘  刘保忠 《海洋与湖沼》2020,51(4):960-965

Hedgehog信号通路参与动物神经系统发育、分节等诸多发育过程,研究该信号通路对理解动物的发育与演化机制有重要意义。对软体动物而言,目前Hedgehog信号通路的研究较少。本文克隆了腹足纲软体动物笠贝的hedgehog基因,利用整装原位杂交技术研究了其在胚胎发育过程中的时空表达规律;并与重要发育基因brachyury及soxb的表达模式进行了比较。结果表明,笠贝hedgehog基因与神经外胚层及中/内胚层相关,可能调控了幼虫神经、肌肉及消化道的分化。通过比较原肠胚及担轮幼虫不同阶段的基因表达模式,研究了hedgehog基因相关的组织和细胞随个体发育进程的动态变化。这些结果为理解软体动物形态发生和重要器官的分化机制提供了基础。  相似文献