Australian ‘gayborhoods’ and ‘lesborhoods’: a new method for estimating the number and prevalence of adult gay men and lesbian women living in each Australian postcode     

Denton Callander  Julie Mooney-Somers  Phillip Keen  Rebecca Guy  Tim Duck  Benjamin R. Bavinton 《International journal of geographical information science》2020,34(11):2160-2176

ABSTRACT

Gay men and lesbian women often demonstrate unique settlement patterns, forming what have been referred to as ‘gayborhoods’. This study sought to provide the first postcode-level estimates of population size and prevalence of gay and lesbian people in Australia. Data on same-gender-partnered households from the Australian Census were combined with information from six different surveys conducted from 2011 to 2017. We estimated that in 2016 there were 132,203 gay men (1.5% of adult males; 95% CI: 1.4–1.6) and 79,931 lesbian women (0.9% of adult females; 95% CI: 0.8–1.0) in Australia. While many postcodes were sparsely populated by gay and lesbian people (40.1% had prevalences of <0.1%), 24.6% were moderately populated (prevalences in the 50-95th percentile) and 2.7% were highly populated (95th percentile). By jurisdiction, the Australian Capital Territory had the highest prevalences of gay men (2.1%; 95% CI: 2.0–2.2) and lesbian women (1.5%; 95% CI: 1.4–1.6). Although the majority of highly populated postcodes were found in major cities (83.7%), some were also found in regional and remote area (16.3%). This method can be applied in other countries to enhance populate estimates. The accompanying dataset can be used to guide service delivery, conduct geographically contextualised research and develop policies relevant to gay men and lesbian women in Australia.  相似文献   

Efficient strong motion duration of pulse-like records for nonlinear structural analyses     

Constantinos C. Repapis  Petros P. Mimoglou  Vicky V. Dimakopoulou  Ioannis N. Psycharis  Ioannis M. Taflampas 《地震工程与结构动力学》2020,49(5):479-497

The special interest produced by near-field directivity records and their effect on structural response has given a new significance in the velocity time history, its pulse-like content, and relevant parameters and indices. Recent research has shown that directivity pulses inherent in these records govern the linear and the nonlinear response of a wide range of structures. Based on this observation, it is suggested in this paper that a truncated ground motion, limited to the duration of the predominant velocity pulse, can be efficiently used to predict the structural response, instead of the base motion with the total duration, reducing significantly the required runtimes. The proposed methodology is verified for a series of medium to high rise reinforced concrete buildings, for which nonlinear time-history analyses are performed for a vast suite of pulse-like near-field records applied as base excitations with their total duration and the proposed truncated one. Comparison of the results for the response displacements and forces shows very good agreement, permitting the acceptance of the pulse duration as the efficient strong motion time interval of the original record, which determines the response and, thus, it can be used for nonlinear structural analyses.  相似文献   

地理科学与资源研究所80年回顾及展望     

葛全胜  廖小罕  高星  封志明  刘卫东  廖晓勇  诸云强 《地理学报》2020,75(12):2537-2546

2020年中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所建所80周年。回眸80年,从1940年重庆北碚成立的中国地理研究所,到1953年重新组建的中国科学院地理研究所和1956年成立的中国科学院自然资源综合考察委员会,再到1999年地理研究所和自然资源综合考察委员会整合形成现在的地理科学与资源研究所,几经变迁,历经三代人努力,研究所始终如一,求真务实,开拓进取,推动着地理科学与资源科学的创新发展,为国家建设发展和生态文明进步做出了重要贡献。适逢建所80周年,本文回顾地理资源所发展历程,总结取得的重要科研成果,并展望未来发展。  相似文献   

Low‐temperature thermochronological database of bedrock in the Japanese Islands     

Shigeru Sueoka  Takahiro Tagami 《Island Arc》2019,28(4)

To provide better access to thermochronological data and understand the long‐term denudation history of the Japanese Islands, we compiled a low‐temperature thermochronological dataset of fission‐track (FT) and (U–Th–Sm)/He (He) ages for apatite and zircon in bedrocks. These thermochronometric ages are compiled from 90 literature sources and 1,096 localities, and include 418 apatite FT ages, 851 zircon FT ages, 42 apatite He ages, and 30 zircon He ages. Many FT ages have been reported previously; however, the number of He ages is limited in the Japanese Islands. The compiled data are spatially biased; for instance, more data are reported for the Chubu and Kinki districts and the Pacific coast of the Shikoku Island, whereas less data were available for the Tohoku and Chugoku districts. For better understanding arc‐scale uplift‐denudation history, further thermochronological research in the lesser‐studied regions and more He thermochronometric measurements are desired. This compilation will be updated and provided on the website of the Fission‐Track Research Group in Japan ( http://ftrgj.org/index.html ).  相似文献   

高墩大跨度刚构桥抗震加固有限元分析          下载免费PDF全文

倪国葳  刘倩  韩冰  葛毅佳  张梦芽  张洪建 《世界地震工程》2019,35(2):193-202

大跨刚构桥结构桥跨较长和受力复杂。为提高抗震性能，需要对加固前后的桥梁进行抗震性能研究。以某双肢薄壁型高墩大跨度刚构桥为背景，采用ANSYS程序APDL语言，对结构进行合理的参数选取、网格划分和边界约束，结合抗震等级和桥梁规范等有关规定，研究整体结构在地震作用下的变化规律。通过沿墩高方向获取节点的方法，确定在地震作用下，各节点的最大位移从下到上逐渐增大。选取桥墩双肢相同部位各节点进行横向比较，总结得出双肢薄壁桥墩具有平分荷载和延长寿命的特点。为提高桥梁整体抗震性能，采取联结桥墩增大截面的方式进行加固，对比加固前后两模型在同一地震作用下的结构响应，得出该方法在提高结构整体刚度方面，效果显著。  相似文献   

钢筋-沥青隔震层非线性震动特性研究          下载免费PDF全文

尚守平  刘水 《世界地震工程》2019,35(1):001-8

为了研究钢筋-沥青隔震层的材料与几何非线性震动特性，对钢筋-沥青隔震结构进行了振动台试验，分析了结构在不同加速度幅值输入时的隔震性能。同时，在钢材的应力-应变关系基础上，考虑构件竖向力的二次矩效应，提出了钢筋-沥青隔震层骨架曲线的计算方法，并结合双线型恢复力模型的滞回规则，建立了相应的恢复力模型。利用建立的恢复力模型，编制程序进行了弹塑性时程分析，并与试验结果作对比。结果表明:当钢筋-沥青隔震层的受力钢筋进入弹塑性阶段时，隔震层能够吸收大部分地震能量，显著降低上部结构的地震反应；弹塑性时程分析结果与试验结果吻合较好，由此建立的恢复力模型准确并且适用，可为钢筋-沥青隔震层的工程设计与非线性地震反应分析提供参考。  相似文献   

导管架平台拆除过程稳定性及影响因素分析     

孙树峰  吕涛  陈国明  孙久洋  宋玉东  何睿 《海洋工程》2020,38(1):140-146

现有服役海洋平台正逐步走向老龄化,海洋平台拆除成为海洋工程新的经济增长点。针对达到服役年限的导管架平台,基于数值分析方法模拟拆除过程,开展平台在不同拆除阶段和环境载荷等参数下的稳定性及影响规律研究。基于钢结构整体稳定性理论,以导管架平台拆除过程中顶点位移为参考,定义导管架平台拆除作业稳定性指标,提出拆除作业阶段划分方法,通过分析导管架平台在不同影响因素作用下拆除过程稳定性响应,给出拆除作业建议。选取我国南海某4裙12腿进行实例分析,结果表明:主桩腿对导管架平台起决定性承载作用,拆除部分主桩腿后需要引入外部支撑力,以保证拆除作业安全进行;拆除构件越多,来浪方向和环境载荷大小对平台影响越加显著。研究结果可为导管架平台拆除作业提供参考。  相似文献   

珠江口盆地荔湾凹陷上渐新统—早中新统物源特征及其对沉积充填的影响     

邢作昌  张忠涛  林畅松  张博  洪方浩  张正涛 《中国地质》2020,47(5):1577-1588

利用化学蚀变指数法恢复物源区的风化历史及沉积物通量是一种经济实用、行之有效的方法。前人对珠江口盆地荔湾凹陷对应物源区的研究相对薄弱。本文通过对区内岩心测试数据进行化学蚀变指数分析，恢复晚渐新世—早中新世物源区的风化历史，并进行沉积物通量的估算，在此基础上探讨物源特征对研究区内沉积充填的控制作用。研究表明，晚渐新世研究区对应物源区经历了强烈风化阶段，该阶段产生的丰富的沉积物供给是研究区西北部快速进积、规模壮观的陆架边缘三角洲及斜坡重力流沉积体系发育的重要控制因素之一；早中新世，西北物源区风化减弱，沉积供给减少，但研究区东部沉积物供应较西部要充分得多，表明早中新世，研究区南部除了来自西北部的主要物源外，局部物源对该时期的沉积具有重要影响；推测东部物源(东部古隆起、兴宁古隆起)的突然复活是促进研究区东部早中新世沟槽形成发育的重要原因之一。在超深水区进行沉积物源区的研究中，这种半定量的方法对盆内局部物源的确定具有重要的指示意义。  相似文献   

Population connectivity of an overexploited coastal fish,Argyrosomus coronus (Sciaenidae), in an ocean-warming hotspot     

R Henriques  WM Potts  CV Santos  WHH Sauer  PW Shaw 《African Journal of Marine Science》2018,40(1):13-24

The West Coast dusky kob Argyrosomus coronus is a commercially exploited fish with a distribution confined to the Angola–Benguela Frontal Zone (ABFZ) of the southeastern Atlantic Ocean. A previous study revealed that during a recent period of local warming the species extended its distribution into Namibian waters, where it hybridised with the resident and congeneric Argyrosomus inodorus. Environmental changes are a major threat to marine biodiversity and when combined with overfishing have the potential to accelerate the decline of species. However, little is known regarding the evolutionary history and population structure of A. coronus across the ABFZ. We investigated genetic diversity, population structure and historical demographic changes using mtDNA control region sequences and genotypes at six nuclear microsatellite loci, from 180 individuals. A single, genetically homogeneous population was indicated across the distributional range of A. coronus (φ_ST = 0.041, F_ST = 0.000, D = 0.000; p > 0.05). These findings imply that the oceanographic features within the ABFZ do not appear to significantly influence population connectivity in A. coronus, which simplifies management of the species. However, reconstruction of the demographic history points to a close link between the evolutionary history of A. coronus and the environmental characteristics of the ABFZ. This outcome suggests the species’ vulnerability to the rapid environmental changes being observed across this region, and highlights a pressing need for transboundary management to mitigate the impacts of climate change in this global hotspot of seawater temperature changes.  相似文献   

使用宽频带地震记录研究2017年6月24日茂县新磨滑坡的动力学过程   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

黄兴辉  李正媛  余丹  许强  苏金蓉 《地球物理学报》2018,61(10):4055-4062

北京时间2017年6月24日5时39分左右，四川省茂县叠溪镇新磨村发生大型岩质滑坡.体积约4.3×10⁶ m³的巨型岩体从山顶脱落，顺坡滑行约2.6 km后破碎沉积；碎屑物掩埋了整个新磨村，造成了巨大的人员伤亡和财产损失.本文使用来自滑坡周围的10个地震台站的宽频带观测资料的长周期信号反演了这次滑坡的受力时间函数；同时使用逐步细化的格点搜索方法得到了滑坡的位置，与其真实位置一致；根据反演的受力时间函数计算了滑坡过程中滑体的运动学参数，得到的滑体运动轨迹与实际路径吻合.综合分析地震信号、受力时间函数和运动学参数表明，本次滑坡主运动的持续时间约为79 s；脱落岩体在5∶38∶50.2启动后持续加速，在5∶39∶37.2达到速度峰值，约为52.1 m·s^-1；这段时间内岩体没有明显的破碎；之后，岩体开始铲刮并裹挟古滑坡造成的碎屑沉积物，自身也开始破碎解体，总体开始减速运动，直到5∶40∶9.2主运动停止；此后，小规模的碎屑散落又持续了约10 s的时间.  相似文献