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1.
黄福云  陈汉伦  董锐  单玉麟 《岩土力学》2020,41(5):1625-1634
整体式桥台无伸缩缝桥梁(以下简称整体桥)桩基应设计为柔性桩,以保证较好的抗水平变形能力。但是,我国相关规范中判别柔性桩的算法主要应用于单向水平受荷桩,可否沿用至整体桥桩基还有待验证。为此,根据一种特殊设计的桩身变形测量方法,对3根埋深不同的混凝土模型桩进行了低周水平往复位移下的拟静力试验,研究单桩-土体系的抗震性能和相互作用机制。研究表明,水平往复位移下混凝土桩在埋深为3D~6D(D为桩径)范围内开裂;桩的埋深越大,桩身挠曲程度越大、变形特征点位置也越深、桩-土体系的抗弯刚度也越大、水平极限承载力也越高、抗震性能也越强。研究还表明,桩-土体系进入弹塑性阶段后,柔性桩的水平工作性状将逐渐向刚性桩退化。另外,在判别整体桥桩基的水平工作性状时,我国相关规范中的规定偏不安全。实际工程中,建议以Broms方法进行参考计算。  相似文献   
2.
A FORTRAN program, consistent with the commercially available finite element (FE) code ABAQUS, is developed based on a three-dimensional (3D) linear elastic brittle damage constitutive model with two damage criteria. To consider the heterogeneity of rock, the developed FORTRAN program is used to set the stiffness and strength properties of each element of the FE model following a Weibull distribution function. The reliability of the program is assessed against available experimental results for granite cylindrical specimens with a throughgoing, flat and inclined fissure. The calibration procedure of the material parameters is explained in detail, and it is shown that the compressive to tensile strength ratio can have a substantial influence on the failure response of the specimens. Numerical simulations are conducted for models with different levels of heterogeneity. The results show a smaller load bearing capacity for models with less homogeneity, representing gradual coalescence of fully damaged elements forming throughout the models during loading. The maximum load bearing capacity is studied for various combinations of inclination angles of two centrally aligned, throughgoing and flat fissures of equal length embedded in cylindrical models under uniaxial and multiaxial loading conditions. The key role of the compressive to tensile strength ratio is highlighted by repeating certain simulations with a lower compressive to tensile strength ratio. It is proven that the peak loads of the rock models with sufficiently small compressive to tensile strength ratios containing two throughgoing fissures of equal length are similar, provided that the minimum inclination angles of the models are the same. The results are presented and discussed with respect to the existing experimental findings in the literature, suggesting that the numerical model applied in this study can provide useful insight into the failure behaviour of rock-like materials.  相似文献   
3.
Pile foundations that support transmission towers or offshore structures are dominantly subjected to cyclic lateral load induced by wind and waves. For a successful design, it is crucial to investigate the effect of cyclic lateral loads on the pile behavior that is loaded laterally. Although the py curve method is generally utilized to design the cyclic laterally loaded pile foundations, the effect of cyclic lateral loads on the pile has not been properly implemented with the py curve. This reflects a lack of consideration of the overall stiffness change in soil–pile interaction. To address this, a series of model pile tests were conducted in this study on a preinstalled aluminum flexible pile under various sandy soil conditions. The test results were used to investigate the effect of cyclic lateral loads on the py behavior. The cyclic py curve, which properly takes into account this effect, was developed as a hyperbolic function. Pseudo-static analysis was also conducted with the proposed cyclic py curve, which showed that it was able to properly simulate cyclic laterally loaded pile behavior in sandy soil.  相似文献   
4.
发展了应用数值计算方法获取页岩储层的速度、各向异性参数的计算岩石物理系列方法.该系列方法包括了大尺度精细地质模型数值建模、计算网格尺度的地球物理建模和地震波数值模拟提取岩石物理弹性参数.本文方法利用储层的统计数据而不是具体岩心的测量数据,可获得储层岩石物理弹性参数的变化规律.相比于基于岩心测试的岩石物理方法,本文方法可精细考虑实际储层的非均匀特征,可得到岩心测试难以求取的与尺寸效应高度相关的弹性参数,也避免了求取弹性参数变化规律时获取不同地质特征岩心的困难.本文发展了计算岩石物理方法,为计算岩石物理面临的大尺度地质建模和计算能力限制问题提供了有效的解决方案.文中以胜利罗家的页岩储层为例,求得了储层TOC含量从3%到21%变化情况下储层的P波、S波速度以及各向异性参数变化规律.  相似文献   
5.
6.
Lateral cyclic load tests were performed on an aluminum model pile in dry sand. Two levels of loading were adopted to represent different service load conditions. The maximum number of loading cycles was 1,000. From the test results, it was found that the even though in the service load condition, the pile response was still affected by cyclic effects and a larger load level would produce more significant influence. In a global point of view, the lateral displacement and maximum moment increased with loading cycles, while the secant stiffness within a cycle decreased with cycles. The cyclic effect was more significant on the lateral displacement than on the moment. In a local point of view, cyclic loading would degrade the equivalent subgrade stiffness for the soil shallower than about seven times diameter. In addition, the secant subgrade stiffness within a cycle increased with loading cycles. Some experimental relationships of lateral pile response and loading cycles were built and compared with those in the literature.  相似文献   
7.
采用Loganathan公式研究了盾构隧道下穿管道施工引起的地下管道处土体竖向位移,利用考虑土中剪力传递的Pasternak模型模拟管-土相互作用,运用修正Vlasov模型中的迭代流程计算出Pasternak模型的关键参数——弹性系数k与剪切系数gs。将计算结果与已有文献结果及工程监测数据进行对比,深入分析了迭代求解k、gs值的Pasternak模型与传统模型的计算差异,并进一步研究了土中剪力、管道与隧道的夹角、土体弹性模量及隧道半径的变化对管-土相互作用的影响。研究结果表明:迭代求解的k、gs值能提升Pasternak模型的精确度;土中剪力对管道竖向位移计算值的影响可达15.3%;随着管道与隧道夹角的减小,管道的竖向位移增大、弯矩减小;土体弹性模量与隧道半径的增大均会增加管道的竖向位移和弯矩。  相似文献   
8.
为探究超高墩三塔斜拉桥在弹性拉索装置下的减震效果,首先利用SAP2000建立了考虑支座非线性和拉索几何非线性的三维有限元模型;其次基于弹性拉索装置,研究了弹性拉索刚度对三塔斜拉桥地震响应的影响;最后基于数值分析结果并结合某三塔斜拉桥实际工程提出3种减震方案。研究表明:在两边塔塔梁结合处设置弹性拉索可显著减小桥梁在地震作用下的内力和位移响应;提出的方案1(两边塔单根弹性索均为50股,单股刚度均为12000kN/m)、方案2(两边塔单根弹性索均为100股,单股刚度均为10000kN/m)和方案3(15#主塔单根弹性拉索100股,单股刚度10000kN/m;17#主塔单根弹性拉索100股,单股刚度为16000kN/m)相较于无弹性索状态,均可有效降低主塔塔底弯矩、塔底剪力、塔顶位移及主梁纵向位移;相较于方案1,方案2和方案3是更优方案。  相似文献   
9.
岩石圈挠曲研究采用的是弹性薄板小挠度弯曲方程(即克希霍夫方程),克希霍夫方程基于薄板的前提,忽略并假设薄板内垂向应力为0。本文在无需垂向应力为0的这一与地质事实不相符的假设的情况下,由弹性体几何方程、物理方程和静力平衡方程推导出岩石圈挠曲-弹性薄板小挠度弯曲的新中面方程,具有同等的数学简洁性。取泊松比为0.25时,有DFF/D=1.125,即新挠曲方程中的挠曲刚度DFF要比经典的克希霍夫挠曲方程的D值大12.5%。本文推导的新方程不仅可以在岩石圈动力学,也可以在弹性力学中获得应用。  相似文献   
10.
Abstract

In the coastal area, nearshore and offshore structures have been or will be built in marine soft clay deposits that have experienced long-term cyclic loads. Therefore, the mechanical behavior of marine clay after long-term cyclic loading needs to be investigated. In this research, a series of monotonic and cyclic triaxial tests were carried out to investigate the postcyclic mechanical behavior of the marine soft clay. The postcyclic water pore pressure, shear strength and secant stiffness are discussed by comparing the results with the standard monotonic test (without cyclic loading). It is very interesting that the postcyclic behavior of marine soft clay specimen is similar to the behavior of overconsolidated specimen, that is, the specimen shows apparent overconsolidation behavior after long-term cyclic loading. Then relationship between the overconsolidation ratio and the apparent overconsolidation ratio is established on the basis of the theory of equivalent overconsolidation. Finally, a validation formula is proposed which can predict the postcyclic undrained shear strength of marine soft clay.  相似文献   
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