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基于线粒体CO1基因的序列,对渔山列岛,大连獐子岛,南麂列岛,山东南隍城乡,舟山嵊泗5个野生群体的厚壳贻贝进行遗传多样性和遗传结构的分析。结果表明:在mt DNACO1基因同源片段上共检测到了39个多态位点,其中39个简约信息位点,无单突变位点,构成40个单倍型,群体遗传多样性水平为:渔山山东大连舟山南麂;然而单倍型多样性却是山东渔山南麂大连舟山。分子进化树和单倍型网络关系图构建结果显示:5个群体之间分为3个单倍型类群(A、B、C),其中A类群含15个单倍型,B类群含23个单倍型,C类群含2个单倍型(均为渔山列岛的单倍型),其中渔山列岛的单倍型在上述三个类群中都有分布。3个单倍型类群间的遗传距离为0.0099~0.0268。渔山列岛群体内遗传分化较为显著,其他4个群体间未检测到显著的遗传分化。 相似文献
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Molecular data have shown that jellyfishes are more geographically restricted and evolutionarily divergent than previously thought. We examined genetic variation and divergence within the meroplanktonic barrel jellyfish Rhizostoma pulmo in the Mediterranean Sea; specific sampling areas were the northern Adriatic, western Mediterranean and Tunisian coast. A total of 19 sampling sites and 68 sequences of the mtDNA cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) gene were used. Of the 68 COI sequences, 45 were newly collected specimens which originated from nine sampling sites along the Tunisian coast. A total of 24 haplotypes were obtained and the specimens sampled were characterised by relatively high levels of haplotype diversity (h = 0.866) and low levels of nucleotide diversity (π = 0.004). Haplotype network analysis showed the presence of three distinct phylogenetic lineages (populations), with separate geographic ranges in the northern Adriatic, western Mediterranean and Tunisian coast. The observed genetic differentiation between these three lineages was supported by the presence of significant genetic differentiation between the 19 populations (FST = 0.757, p < 0.001). The high level of genetic differentiation detected in the barrel jellyfish investigated could be attributed to either intrinsic and/or extrinsic barriers to genetic exchange between different populations that may have adapted to different environmental conditions. 相似文献
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The penaeid prawns Fenneropenaeus indicus and Metapenaeus monoceros support shallow-water prawn fisheries in the south-west Indian Ocean. They are sympatric and have similar life histories, including developmental stages that depend on estuarine and marine habitats and a short dispersal duration. Nevertheless, M. monoceros juveniles display a more generalist habitat preference in estuaries and recruit to offshore habitats during a different season than F. indicus. We hypothesised that these differences would affect dispersal patterns, leading to dissimilar geographic genetic structure between the two taxa. Given their short dispersal phase, we also hypothesised that the Mozambique Channel would form a barrier to dispersal between the southeastern African mainland and Madagascar sites. Population differentiation was assessed based on analysis of mitochondrial DNA control-region sequences. Both species displayed high haplotype and low nucleotide diversity. Pairwise ?ST statistics supported the existence of admixed populations along the African mainland sites for both species, with geographic distance isolating populations at the extremes of the sampled range (Kenya and east coast of South Africa). The Madagascar population differed significantly from African mainland populations. The concordant patterns in population differentiation suggest that F. indicus and M. monoceros can be considered as single African stocks, or fisheries management units. 相似文献
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《African Journal of Marine Science》2013,35(4):493-503
Genetic studies on South African marine fishes have shown that many species exist as single, well-mixed stocks throughout their core distribution. The black musselcracker or poenskop Cymatoceps nasutus is a slow-growing, late-maturing and long-lived sparid (Perciformes: Sparidae) that is endemic to South African coastal waters. Conventional tagging studies suggest that it is resident, with limited connectivity between different regions along the coast. Mitochondrial and nuclear DNA were used to investigate the genetic structure of C. nasutus along the South African coastline and showed evidence of at least two populations. Samples collected from the Tsitsikamma Marine Protected Area on the South Coast to KwaZulu-Natal on the East Coast showed no significant population structure over much of the distribution. Gene flow for C. nasutus within this region is not limited by geographic distance and appears to be unaffected by various oceanographic barriers and biogeographical boundaries. Samples from the Western Cape to the west of Tsitsikamma, however, showed moderate to substantial differentiation for both markers, which may be influenced by a temperature barrier – a coldwater ridge – along the South Coast. These data provide the first genetic assessment of this South African sparid, and suggest that a two-stock management strategy would be appropriate for the species. 相似文献
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Evaluating the genetic effects of the invasive Ocenebra inornata on the native oyster drill Ocenebra erinacea 
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下载免费PDF全文 Eric Pante Pierre‐Yves Pascal Vanessa Becquet Amélia Viricel Benoit Simon‐Bouhet Pascale Garcia 《Marine Ecology》2015,36(4):1118-1128
Studies focusing on the effect of invasive species on the genetic diversity of native marine invertebrates remain scant. Here we report diversity among French populations of the intertidal gastropod Ocenebra erinacea (Linnaeus, 1758) sampled in the presence and absence of the invasive Ocenebra inornata (Recluz, 1851). Between 1999 and 2004, a total of 352 individuals of O. erinacea was collected from 15 sites (five of which had the invasive present) and was genotyped at the mitochondrial locus Cytochrome Oxidase 1 (cox1). No statistical difference was observed between polymorphism levels recorded within native populations exposed to the invasive, compared with populations sampled in the absence of O. inornata. No sign of native population decline was detected in response to the invader. While significant shifts in native O. erinacea population sizes have previously been reported in the literature, genetic effects may take longer to accumulate, or may be undetectable without a larger panel of genetic markers. By contrast, large genetic distances and significant population differentiation were recorded between Atlantic and Mediterranean O. erinacea samples, suggesting that these populations have distinct evolutionary histories. Comparison of genetic divergence within the closely related genus Nucella suggests that the Atlantic populations of O. erinacea and those from Thau Lagoon in the Mediterranean may belong to different species or subspecies. 相似文献
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通过比较贻贝属5个物种包括中国的两种贻贝的线粒体16S rRNA基因部分序列,来初步确定它们的系统发育关系和了解中国沿海两种贻贝的遗传多样性情况.以Perna viridis为外群,采用NJ法和MP法构建分子系统树.系统发育分析表明,5种贻贝(Mytilus californianus, M. corcuscus, M. galloprovincialis, M. edulis, M. trossulus)在系统树上依次进行分叉,呈放射状.M. californianus最为原始,M. corcuscus次之.每一个贻贝物种都形成单系.其中,M. edulis和M. trossulus是非常相似的,M. corcuscus和M. californianus的亲缘关系近.同时发现,我国沿海分布的紫贻贝(M. galloprovincialis)和厚壳贻贝(M. corcuscus)的遗传多样性都较高,但厚壳贻贝的遗传多样性要低于紫贻贝,可能是由于厚壳贻贝过度被渔民开采等导致厚壳贻贝群体大小降低的缘故.这里系统发育分析为将来进行物种进化、迁移和育种方面的比较研究提供理论基础. 相似文献
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