新乡市浅层地下水水环境特征   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

田良河 《地质灾害与环境保护》2011,22(3):105-109

为有效防治地下水污染,分析新乡浅表地层岩性、含水组空间分布及其水化学的类型分带和特征.在此基础上综合评价浅层地下水质量,发现新乡市浅层地下水质量污染普遍超标,建成区及周围地下水质量为Ⅴ类以上,其他地区达到Ⅳ类以上.  相似文献   

干湿气候区划研究进展   总被引：9，自引：1，他引：8  

毛飞  孙涵  杨红龙 《地理科学进展》2011,30(1):17-26

干湿气候区划是气候学、地理学、生态学和农学等学科的重要内容.自1900年以来,国内外学者在干湿气候等级、干湿气候区划指标及其计算方法等方面取得了长足的进展.本文综述了近100多年来国内外学者关于干湿气候区划指标、潜在蒸散量计算方法、干湿气候等级及其命名方法等方面的研究成果,提出了目前该领域存在的科学问题.  相似文献   

关于金刚石钻进规程参数合理配合的分析研究          下载免费PDF全文

汤凤林  Чихоткин В.Ф.  高申友  蒋国盛  彭莉  张晓西  卢春华 《探矿工程》2015,42(10):76-80

机械钻速、钻头进尺和每米钻探成本通常称之为是钻探工程的主要技术经济指标。这些技术经济指标均与选用的钻头、所用钻进规程参数和操作技术紧密相关。选用的钻头应与所钻地层的硬度、研磨性（可钻性）相适应。操作技术主要取决于司钻人员的技术、经验和水平。而钻进规程参数的选取和确定及其合理配合则是非常重要的一个因素,不可忽视。提出了临界钻进规程的概念。临界规程是一条红线,不可逾越,否则就会发生事故。正常钻进规程时,钻压和钻头转速应该合理配合,冲洗液量宜保证岩粉处于正常规程状态,以得到理想的钻探工程技术经济指标。建议根据功率表读数变化来调整钻压和钻头转速的合理配合,利用流量计监控孔底的冲洗液数量,严格控制临界规程的形成,把经验打钻和科学打钻结合起来。  相似文献   

一种可扩展的线性可排序四叉树空间索引     

胡晨希  刘会侠  乐鹏  王艳东 《测绘信息与工程》2010,35(5):1-3

分析了四叉树空间索引的优缺点,提出了一种可扩展的线性可排序四叉树空间索引,实现了空间索引的动态更新,同时具有高效的空间查询能力。  相似文献   

基于多源遥感数据的玛纳斯河流域荒漠化监测     

刘艳  丁涛  阮惠华  林娜 《国土资源遥感》2010,21(1):81-84

利用遥感手段对玛纳斯河流域绿洲-荒漠带的荒漠化状况进行监测。利用不同时期TM数据,在小尺度上分析该区域2000~2008年荒漠化土地的分布特征;基于MODIS陆地遥感产品(NDVI、Albedo及LST),利用多源信息复合法计算荒漠化程度指数;基于TM荒漠化监测结果对该指数进行分级处理,初步建立并验证基于MODIS数据的荒漠化监测评价模型。结果表明:近10 a来,绿洲外围荒漠化土地变化较小,大部分变化发生在绿洲内部,主要为局部荒漠化被开发或因盐碱化过重导致的撂荒;荒漠化监测评价模型对研究区荒漠化程度定量评价精度可达91.25%。  相似文献   

Lake Ladoga ice phenology: Mean condition and extremes during the last 65 years     

Sergey Karetnikov  Mikhail Naumenko 《水文研究》2011,25(18):2859-2867

Winter conditions play an important role for the largest lake in Europe—Lake Ladoga. The ice cover lasts for 171 ± 3 days on average from the early November until the mid‐May. We investigated the ice regime of Lake Ladoga using a constructed ice database of aircraft surveys and satellite images. More than 1250 surveys of the lake's ice cover from 1943 to 2010 were collected and analysed to determine mean and extreme ice conditions for winters of different types of severity. The time series of ice cover percentage over the lake was plotted. On average, 18 observational ice charts were made every winter. Individual ice phenology records show considerable year‐to‐year variation. For this reason, records typically have been combined and analysed as groups (categories). Extremely cold winters were determined as winters with complete ice cover that lasts more than three months which is approximately 90% quartiles from all winters with complete ice cover. The lake surface was completely covered with ice for more than three months during 5 seasons. Extremely warm winters when the maximum ice cover was less than 70% of the lake area occurred during 5 seasons as well. A basic relationship between the winter severity as winter maximum of accumulated freezing degree‐days (AFDD) and the earlier derived Relative Ice Cover Index (RICI) was established. We have used teleconnection indices such as North Atlantic Oscillations (NAO) and Arctic Oscillation (AO) for the period from October to May for estimation of different types of Lake Ladoga's ice conditions. The AO index in winter months and local winter maximum of AFDD explained much of the interannual variation in ice cover. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

Arctic sea-ice motion and its relation to pressure field   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

Yunhe Zhao  Antony K. Liu 《Journal of Oceanography》2007,63(3):505-515

Daily Arctic sea-ice motion maps during the winter seasons (December–March) from December 1988 to March 2003 derived from NSCAT, QuikSCAT, SSM/I, and AMSRE data by a wavelet analysis method have been merged with those derived from buoy data. These merged sea-ice motion data have been used to study the circulation regimes and winter-to-winter variability of Arctic sea-ice motion. The relation between sea-ice motion and the pressure field in the Arctic Ocean was also studied by applying Principal Component Analysis (PCA) to the monthly merged sea-ice motion data and the monthly pressure field data from IABP. The mean Arctic sea-ice motion map of the 15 winter seasons has two distinct features: the Beaufort Gyre and a cyclonic circulation system in the Eurasian Basin, which moves ice from the Laptev Sea to Fram Strait. The strengths and sizes of the two features change from one winter season to another. Seasons with a strong or normal Beaufort Gyre alternate with seasons with a weak or no Beaufort Gyre every one to three seasons. The principal components of the first two modes of PCA of the monthly sea-ice motion are closely correlated with their counterparts of the monthly pressure field in the Arctic Ocean. The mode-one components of these two anomalies alternate between anticyclonic and cyclonic circulation systems. The correlation between Arctic Oscillation indexes and the principal components of the first mode of PCA of the monthly Arctic sea-ice motion is low but statistically significant.  相似文献   

东海1999年夏、冬上层水团的温、盐分布及其与历史平均状况的比较   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

吕华庆 《海洋学研究》2006,24(1):28-36

通过综合分析有关文献资料,提出了东海表层各个水团的温、盐指标并把它们分成3个水系(沿岸水系、混合水系和黑潮水系)。把1999年7月和2000年2月的观测结果与历史(1907~1986年的7月和2月)平均值比较后发现:1999年7月,东海表层水团及台湾暖流北上势力弱于历史平均状况,但它们朝东北方向推进;长江冲淡水的外侧部分在济州岛西南具有朝东南方向伸展的特征。2000年2月,黑潮入侵势力强于历史平均状况;黄海水团入侵东海的势力不大;与10~14℃等温线组成的浙江沿岸温度锋相对应,盐度锋不明显。根据东海各水团的温、盐判别数据,将实测资料和历史平均值资料进行对比,可判别各水团的分布和变化特征。  相似文献   

内蒙古翁公敖包航磁异常的推断与解释          下载免费PDF全文

郭玉峰  张鹏  万佳宇  黄金辉  田华  田亮  李乐 《地质找矿论丛》2018,33(4):634-638

文章对内蒙古四子王旗—土默特右旗中北部近年发现的翁公敖包航磁异常进行推断与解释,在对找矿有望的航磁异常进行筛选后,对翁公敖包航磁异常进行了野外地质-地球物理查证,确定异常为铁矿所致;采用向上延拓、垂向导数、斜导数及小波变换等方法对航磁异常进行数据转换处理,以获取铁矿体的横向及纵向分布信息,取得了较好的效果。  相似文献   

莱芜市矿山排水对地质环境的影响分析     

常允新  王振涛  温永泉  张丽霞 《山东国土资源》2007,(Z1)

莱芜市煤炭和铁矿资源丰富,开采历史悠久,矿山排水量较大。煤矿矿坑水中SO42-、总硬度、矿化度、F-等组分较高,对地下水水化学场构成影响,矿区附近SO42-含量大于300 mg/L的孔隙水分布面积9.98 km2。铁矿排水具有高强度、大降深、强烈疏干的特征,导致矿山背斜东翼已形成水位降落漏斗,其中水位标高120 m的漏斗面积达27.5 km2,由于矿坑排水加之水源开采,1973年以来赵庄、孟家庄、西泉河地段共发生岩溶塌陷220处,塌陷总面积8 880 m2。  相似文献