Water quality data for Fall Creek,New York,USA: 1972–1995     

David R. Bouldin  Niamh O'Leary 《水文研究》2021,35(1):e13968

The 33 086 ha mixed land use Fall Creek watershed in upstate New York is part of the Great Lakes drainage system. Results from more than 3500 water samples are available in a data set that compiles flow data and measurements of various water quality analytes collected between 1972 and 1995 in all seasons and under all flow regimes in Fall Creek and its tributaries. Data is freely accessible at https://ecommons.cornell.edu/handle/1813/8148 and includes measurements of suspended solids, pH, alkalinity, calcium, magnesium, potassium, sodium, chloride, nitrate nitrogen (NO3-N), sulphate sulphur (SO4-S), phosphorus (P) fractions molybdate reactive P (MRP) and total dissolved P (TDP), percent P in sediment, and ammonium nitrogen (NH4-N). Methods, sub-watershed areas, and coordinates for sampling sites are also included. The work represented in this data set has made important scientific contributions to understanding of hydrological and biogeochemical processes that influence loading in mixed use watersheds and that have an impact on algal productivity in receiving water bodies. In addition, the work has been foundational for important regulatory and management decisions in the region.  相似文献   

准噶尔盆地玛湖凹陷西斜坡三叠系百口泉组扇三角洲优质储集层预测          下载免费PDF全文

桑林翔  刘军  王贵文  王苏天  李全  张云龙 《古地理学报》2020,22(6):1053-1064

针对准噶尔盆地玛湖凹陷西斜坡风南地区三叠系百口泉组扇三角洲砂岩物性空间变化大、优质储集层(孔隙度大于7.4%,渗透率大于0.05×10^-3μm²)预测难的问题,在沉积岩石学、地震沉积学以及地震反演和解释理论指导下,综合利用测井、岩心和三维地震等资料开展了高精度层序地层划分、沉积微相描述和优质储集层地震反演研究。建立了风南井区四级层序地层格架,明确了扇三角洲多期水进水退的充填过程,指出SSQ3和SSQ5是优质储集层的发育层系;识别出扇三角洲平原分流河道、河道间和扇三角洲前缘水下分流水道、河口坝、席状砂等沉积微相,指出扇三角洲平原是优质储集层发育相带;通过应用高分辨层序地层纵向边界和沉积相横向边界约束,进行分层相控叠后地震波阻抗反演,提升储集层预测精度,在SSQ3和SSQ5预测5个优质储集层发育区,提出3口井的井位建议,钻探均获工业油流。  相似文献   

2012-2018年巢湖水质变化趋势分析和蓝藻防控建议   总被引：4，自引：3，他引：1  

张民  史小丽  阳振  陈开宁 《湖泊科学》2020,32(1):11-20

巢湖自1990s中期至2012年间水质明显改善,但是近年来水质改善效果变缓,2018年蓝藻水华面积显著增加,为有效评估巢湖水体环境的变化,通过对20122018年巢湖17个点位的逐月调查数据分析阐述了近年来巢湖水质和藻情的变化特征,并在流域空间尺度上分析了巢湖流域水污染治理的进展和不足,为后续治理方向的调整和确定提供支撑.20122018年湖区调查数据显示:巢湖湖体总磷和总氮浓度显著升高,铵态氮浓度显著下降,水华蓝藻总量显著升高.在空间上,各污染指标水平呈现由西向东呈逐渐降低的趋势,但是各指标在不同湖区随时间的变化趋势差异明显,西部湖区的总磷、总氮和水华蓝藻指标近年来略有下降或持平,中部和东部湖区则显著升高,所以巢湖湖体总氮和总磷浓度的升高主要源于中、东部湖区的升高,这也是这两个湖区水华蓝藻变动的主要驱动因素.主要入湖河口数据显示:西部4条主要入湖污染河流(南淝河、十五里河、塘西河和派河)水质明显改善,但仍处于较高污染水平,中东部入湖河流(兆河、双桥河和柘皋河)总磷浓度明显升高,是中东部湖区水体营养盐升高的主要原因.中东部河流入湖污染的增加加剧了该区域湖体的富营养化水平,尤其是总磷浓度明显提升,导致中东部湖区夏季水华蓝藻的优势种从鱼腥藻种类演替为微囊藻种类.夏季微囊藻的大量繁殖,使得2018年巢湖中东部湖区部分月份水华面积异常增高.因此,巢湖流域的治理应该在持续强化流域西部合肥市污染治理的同时,增加对流域中部和东部治理的关注和投入.  相似文献   

Spatial and Temporal Distribution of Dust‐Bound Trace Metal Elements around Kuhdasht Watershed Area in Iran     

Hamid Alipour  Ahmad Jalalian  Naser Honarjoo  Norair Tommanian  Fereidoon Sarmadian 《洁净——土壤、空气、水》2019,47(10)

Dust, as a source of trace metal elements, affects the health of society. The spatial and temporal concentrations of dust‐bound trace metals (Cd, Pb, Ni, Zn, Cu, and Mn) in Kuhdasht watershed (456 km²), Lorestan Province, Iran, is investigated. Dust is collected using glass traps placed in ten research stations in the region. The spatial and temporal distribution of dust trace metals are plotted using ARC‐GIS. The highest and the lowest concentrations of Zn (9751150 mg kg^?1), Pb (46.352.9 mg kg^?1), and Cd (2.443.30 mg kg^?1) are obtained in winter, of Ni (98110 mg kg^?1) and Cu in autumn (16.053.5 mg kg^?1), and of Mn in summer (385505 mg kg^?1). The spatial concentrations of dust‐bound trace metals indicate all, except Cu, show a decreasing trend from the mountains toward the plains, similar to that of soil and of dust, except for Zn, which shows higher concentrations in dust than in soil. The potential sources of dust‐bound trace metals and their rate of contamination are also investigated using the enrichment and contamination factors. The major sources of Cd and Zn in the dust of watershed are due to anthropogenic activities or from activities outside the borders.  相似文献   

Spatial analysis of water quality and its suitability in farming giant freshwater prawn (Macrobrachium rosenbergii) in Negeri Sembilan region,Peninsular Malaysia     

Benjamin Ezekiel Bwadi  Firuza Begham Mustafa  Mohammad Lokman Ali  Subha Bhassu 《Singapore journal of tropical geography》2019,40(1):71-91

Finding potential sites for resilient prawn production in the tropical environment that also prevents wastage of natural resources is not an easy task. The purpose of this study is to evaluate water quality suitability for prawn farming in Negeri Sembilan of Peninsular Malaysia based on Geographic Information System (GIS). To achieve this goal, numerous criteria including sources of water, water temperature, water pH, sources of pollution, salinity, soil texture and availability of phytoplankton criteria were considered for the modelling process. Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) technique was performed to standardize the criteria and the weighting process. The weighted overlay of indicators and results were accomplished by applying the Multi‐Criteria Decision Analysis (MCDA) method in GIS. It was indicated that the Negeri Sembilan area has potential for prawn farming. The results showed that about 25 per cent (163 056.93 ha) of the area was most suitable for prawn farming, about 58 per cent (384 656.88 ha) was considered moderately suitable, while 18 per cent (117 633.49 ha) was regarded as least suitable. The study concluded that the multi‐criteria decision analysis of water quality for prawn farming is vital for regional economic planning in the Negeri Sembilan area and also significant when establishing a model for aquaculture development.  相似文献   

辽宁沿海地区海洋经济增长质量空间特征及影响要素     

李博  田闯  史钊源  韩增林 《地理科学进展》2019,38(7):1080-1092

在海洋经济质量转型之期,基于“认知—评价—建构—优化”理念,界定海洋经济增长质量内涵,通过中心-引力模型评价分析2000—2014年辽宁沿海地区海洋经济增长质量空间特征,构建了海洋经济增长质量模型,识别影响其空间特征的相关要素,并根据要素作用程度提出优化建议。研究发现：① 辽宁沿海地区海洋经济增长质量呈“核心—圈层”结构,形成以大连为“领头雁”的雁阵式相互继起模式;“钻石型”引力流结构促成辽宁沿海地区集中化连片发展格局;② 海洋经济增长质量空间特征主要受空间集聚效应影响,海洋资本、海洋基建和海洋产业结构成为推动海洋经济增长质量循环引力流的顺流机制,其中海洋产业结构成为影响辽宁海洋经济增长质量圈层空间集聚效应的关键流;海洋人才成为制约海洋经济增长质量循环引力流的逆流机制;③ 通过路径作用程度的象限划分,提出强化大连中心地职能,针对腹地城市定位及资源禀赋条件提出调控措施,推进沿海区域协调与一体化进程。  相似文献   

GBW10010a大米标准物质复(研)制及数据特征     

杨榕  顾铁新  潘含江  刘妹  周国华 《岩矿测试》2020,39(6):866-877

随着我国对生态文明建设的重视，自然资源综合调查势在必行，对生物标准物质亦提出了新的需求。当前相关调研工作已经大面积开展，自然资源综合调查、农产品与食品安全评价都需要对生物样品元素组成进行准确测试，需要以生物标准物质作为生物成分测试量值比对和溯源的基础，因此对生物基体标准物质的需求量大幅增加。大米作为主要粮食之一，其食品安全日益受到重视，对大米中的化学成分进行准确的分析测试具有重要的现实意义，因而对大米标准物质的需求量尤为突出，但目前大米成分分析标准物质已供不应求。本文严格按照《标准物质定值的通用原则及统计学原理》（JJF 1343—2012）和《地质分析标准物质的研制》（JJF 1646—2017）等相关规范要求，开展了GBW10010a大米成分分析标准物质的复（研）制工作，包括样品采集、加工制备、均匀性检验、稳定性检验、多家实验室协作定值测试及不确定度评定等关键环节。结果表明：本次复（研）制的大米标准物质定值成分多样、量值准确可靠，符合国家一级标准物质的要求。GBW10010a共定值54项主微量元素，包括Ag、Al、As、B、Ba、Be、Bi、Ca、Cd、Ce、Co、Cr、Cs、Cu、Dy、Er、Eu、Fe、Gd、Ge、Hg、Ho、K、La、Li、Ho、Mg、Mn、Mo、N、Na、Nb、Nd、Ni、P、Pb、Pr、Rb、S、Sb、Sc、Se、Si、Sm、Sr、Tb、Th、Tl、Tm、U、V、Y、Yb、Zn，其中的39项元素给出了标准值及不确定度，包括Ag、Al、As、B、Ba、Ca、Cd、Ce、Co、Cs、Cu、Dy、Er、Fe、Hg、K、Li、Mg、Mn、Mo、N、Na、Nd、Ni、P、Pb、Pr、Rb、S、Sb、Se、Si、Sm、Sr、Tb、Tl、Y、Yb、Zn；15项元素提供参考值，包括Be、Bi、Cr、Eu、Gd、Ge、Ho、Ho、La、Nb、Sc、Th、Tm、U、V。与原有GBW10010大米标准物质相比较，GBW10010a中As、Cd、Co、Cr、Cu、Hg、Mn、Mo、Ni、Zn等重金属元素含量显著下降，其中Cd、Cu、Zn降幅较大，分别下降约39%、43%、38.7%，一定程度上反映了农田生态环境的改善。本批标准物质定值元素总数量增加了6项，新增定值元素Ag、Nb（Nb给出参考值），并且各项元素不确定度范围整体上有所缩小，如Al、Cd、Cu、Fe、K、Mg、Mo、Na、P、Pb、Se、Zn等对生物易有影响的重要元素，表明了地质分析测试方法技术的进步及定值水平的提高。本批标准物质定值元素涵盖了具有生物效应的大部分主微量元素，适用于农业生态环境地球化学调查与评价、生物样品测试、农产品质量与食品安全评价样品测试时的分析仪器校正、分析方法评价和分析质量监控等多个领域。  相似文献   

Predicting quantiles of water quality from catchment characteristics     

Danlu Guo  Shuci Liu  Dhananjay Singh  Andrew W. Western 《水文研究》2021,35(1):e13996

Water quality is often highly variable both in space and time, which poses challenges for modelling the more extreme concentrations. This study developed an alternative approach to predicting water quality quantiles at individual locations. We focused on river water quality data that were collected over 25 years, at 102 catchments across the State of Victoria, Australia. We analysed and modelled spatial patterns of the 10th, 25th, 50th, 75th and 90th percentiles of the concentrations of sediments, nutrients and salt, with six common constituents: total suspended solids (TSS), total phosphorus (TP), filterable reactive phosphorus (FRP), total Kjeldahl nitrogen (TKN), nitrate-nitrite (NO_x), and electrical conductivity (EC). To predict the spatial variation of each quantile for each constituent, we developed statistical regression models and exhaustively searched through 50 catchment characteristics to identify the best set of predictors for that quantile. The models predict the spatial variation in individual quantiles of TSS, TKN and EC well (66%–96% spatial variation explained), while those for TP, FRP and NO_x have lower performance (37%–73% spatial variation explained). The most common factors that influence the spatial variations of the different constituents and quantiles are: annual temperature, percentage of cropping land area in catchment and channel slope. The statistical models developed can be used to predict how low- and high-concentration quantiles change with landscape characteristics, and thus provide a useful tool for catchment managers to inform planning and policy making with changing climate and land use conditions.  相似文献   

基于OEM板的GNSS原始数据解码与质量分析     

郭亮亮  李建文  魏绒绒  代桃高  刘瑞宁 《大地测量与地球动力学》2018,38(1):106-110

介绍Trimble BD970 OEM板接收BINEX格式数据流的结构和解码原理，得到相应的多系统观测文件和星历文件，成功完成对实测数据的解码。介绍GNSS观测数据质量评估的指标及方法，并基于解码后的数据对BD970 OEM板进行数据分析，得到该板卡的观测数据质量相关指标值，为后续的产品应用提供可靠保障。  相似文献   

Analytical study of ground motion caused by seismic wave propagation across faulted rock masses          下载免费PDF全文

J.C. Li  N.N. Li  S.B. Chai  H.B. Li 《国际地质力学数值与分析法杂志》2018,42(1):95-109

Studying seismic wave propagation across rock masses and the induced ground motion is an important topic, which receives considerable attention in design and construction of underground cavern/tunnel constructions and mining activities. The current study investigates wave propagation across a rock mass with one fault and the induced ground motion using a recursive approach. The rocks beside the fault are assumed as viscoelastic media with seismic quality factors, Q_p and Q_s. Two kinds of interactions between stress waves and a discontinuity and between stress waves and a free surface are analyzed, respectively. As the result of the wave superposition, the mathematical expressions for induced ground vibration are deduced. The proposed approach is then compared with the existing analysis for special cases. Finally, parametric studies are carried out, which includes the influences of fault stiffness, incident angle, and frequency of incident waves on the peak particle velocities of the ground motions.  相似文献