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作者对中国科学院海洋研究所历年来在中国近海采集的笠贝总科标本进行了整理和分类学研究,共鉴定出2科5属11种,选取了其中的9种进行了齿舌解剖,利用扫描电镜对其齿舌形态进行了观察对比。结果表明,笠贝总科种类的齿舌形态包括形状、排列方式以及齿尖的大小和数目可以作为区分笠贝总科种类的分类依据之一,从而将各属、种区分开来。此外,文中利用最新的分类系统对各类群进行了整理和分类,对相关种类的分类地位进行了确立,并对各物种贝壳的主要鉴别特征进行了描述,与相似种进行了分类讨论。 相似文献
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作者1987年于四川省乐山市大渡河尾段发现椎实螺属一新种,现命名为乐山椎实螺(Lymnaea leshanensis sp.nov.)。该种与日本琵琶湖产的 Lymnaea onychia 相似,但贝壳的形态、齿式、齿形、两性生殖系统的诸器官、外套膜的色带、个体大小、生活环境和动物区系均有所不同。前者属东洋区系,后者属古北区系。 相似文献
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Phylogenetic position and systematics of the wood‐associate limpet genus Caymanabyssia and implications for ecological radiation into deep‐sea organic substrates by lepetelloid gastropods 
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下载免费PDF全文 The gastropod superfamily Lepetelloidea represents an extremely diverse lineage in terms of their utilization of different deep‐sea organic substrates that include sunken wood, leaves, whale and fish bones, egg cases of sharks and rays, annelid tubes and detrital cephalopod beaks among others. They also inhabit cold seeps and hydrothermal vents, thus presenting an interesting case for the evaluation of such organic substrates as ‘stepping stones’ into these chemosynthetically nourished environments. Here we show the first molecular phylogeny of the Pseudococculinidae, a primarily wood‐dwelling family and the most speciose in Lepetelloidea. Special emphasis is placed on the genus Caymanabyssia, for which the only subfamily Caymanabyssiinae has been established, and a new species Caymanabyssia solis is described herein and compared with previously known taxa in order to reconsider the morphological characteristics of lepetelloids on wood. Bayesian and likelihood trees reconstructed using four‐gene sequences reveal that Pseudococculinidae sensu auctt. is a polyphyletic taxon that is grouped by shared plesiomorphic conditions of characters including the radula, a digestive organ, the morphology of which is often governed strongly by diet and feeding ecology. The newly reinterpreted families Pseudococculinidae and Caymanabyssiidae represent reciprocal sister clades as a basal radiation in Lepetelloidea. Sunken wood might thus have served as an ancestral habitat from which species on other substrates and vent and seep taxa were derived. 相似文献
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Protandrism was confirmed in Crepidula fecunda Gallardo 1979 by histological analysis of the gonad. Individuals were classified as immature (12 mm or less in shell length), male (13–26 mm), intersex (25–28 mm), and female (over 26 mm). There was an evident loss of mobility with growth— large females became completely sessile. The presence of epithelial glands in mobile individuals was associated with the need for lubrication during crawling, whereas the proliferation of subepithelial glands in sessile females was associated with adhesion. Mobility of immature and male individuals was related to grazing activities on biofilms, and in males was also associated with copulation. Grazing activity of motile individuals was carried out so that the radula teeth did not come into direct contact with the substratum, but rather harvested the biofilm surface. Sessile females used the radula to rasp the area under their shells, thus cleaning the substratum in preparation for oviposition. Since this process required that the radula enter into direct contact with the substratum, it suffered abrasion of radular teeth and loss of radular denticles, producing important alterations in its appearance in mature females. A complex interaction was observed between size, mobility, histological changes in the foot, activity, and tooth‐wear of the radula, which have been related to the sessile habit, sex change, and the oviposition process in this species. 相似文献
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本研究选取了中国近海蛾螺科动物16属,共计21种,进行了齿舌解剖,利用扫描电子显微镜对齿舌进行了观察,并对其形态特征进行了研究对比。结果证明,蛾螺科种类的齿舌齿式为1·1·1。通过研究发现蛾螺科动物的齿舌形态结构包括形状、排列方式以及齿尖数目虽然在属内、种内有一定的变化,但仍可以作为蛾螺科种类的分类依据之一,从而将各属、种区分开来。此外,本研究确认了在火红土产螺Pisania ignea(Gmelin,1791)中存在着齿舌两性异型现象。 相似文献
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华南沿海曼氏无针乌贼Sepiella maindroni表型变异研究 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
采用软体部 (腕式、胴体长与宽等 )测量分析的方法对我国华南沿海曼氏无针乌贼 Sepiel-la maindroni4个自然群体进行了形态学研究 ,结果发现腕式不完全一致。繁殖群体中 ,雌性平均体重明显高于雄性 ,4对腕明显短于对应的雄性腕长。对角质颚的上颚观察和测量的结果为 :头盖长 a、冠部长 b、吻长 c、翼状部长 e以及吻端至翼状部下端的距离 g随体重、胴体长的增长而呈明显的线性增长趋势 ;b/a可以作为一种遗传标记 ,区分不同种群。对莆田、南澳和湛江 3群体的齿舌进行了扫描电镜观察 ,未发现齿舌在群体间存在明显差异 相似文献
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利用扫描电镜对13种荔枝螺属种类的齿舌形态进行观察,发现本属齿舌式均为0：1：1：1：0。齿舌中央齿尖锐突出与本属物种均为肉食性相符。各物种齿舌中央齿基部均较宽,具1枚中央齿中间齿,2枚中央齿侧齿。中央齿上布满侧生小齿,大部分为中央齿侧齿内小齿和侧齿外小齿,同种不同个体的小齿形态、数目存在差异,侧生小齿具有不对称性和可变性,因此在对本属种类分类时中央齿小齿仅可作为部分参考依据。本属种类的中央齿缘齿有较大的区别,红豆荔枝螺和刺荔枝螺不具中央齿缘齿,其余11种具有明显的中央齿缘齿,因此齿舌的分叉类型也分两种,红豆荔枝螺和刺荔枝螺为较原始不具中央齿缘齿的三分叉型,其余11种为两端分叉型。通过齿舌形态的分析,结合比较外部形态和分子系统发育,认为红豆荔枝螺和刺荔枝螺与其余11种之间已达到属间关系,建议将红豆荔枝螺和刺荔枝螺归为红螺亚科的Mancinella属。 相似文献
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采用电子显微镜对黄渤海区野外调查采集的蛾螺科Buccinidae 6个种,分别是香螺Neptunea arthriti-ca cumingii、略胀管蛾螺 Siphonalia subdilatata、皮氏蛾螺 Volutharpa ampullaceal、水泡蛾螺Buccinumpemphigum、黄海蛾螺 Buccinium yokomaruae、褶纺锤螺 Plicifusus sp.的齿舌进行了解剖,对其形态特征进行了对比研究.研究结果表明,6个种的齿式均为1·1·1.以往曾有报道蛾螺科的齿舌"中央齿具有3～7个齿尖",而本研究发现了蛾螺科的褶纺锤螺,其中央齿齿尖数目有8枚.同时发现,黄渤海区蛾螺的侧齿数目有的是不对称的.本研究可为蛾螺科的分类学研究提供参考资料. 相似文献
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