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排序方式: 共有526条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
Guangqiu Jin Wenhai Yang Huiyu Xu Zhongtian Zhang Saiyu Yuan Hongwu Tang Ling Li David Andrew Barry 《水文研究》2020,34(5):1144-1153
Contaminants that entered the streambed during previous surface water pollution events can be released to the stream, causing secondary pollution of the stream and impacting its eco-environmental condition. By means of laboratory experiments and numerical simulations, we investigated density effects on the release of solute from periodic bedforms. The results show that solute release from the upper streambed is driven by bedform-induced convection, and that density effects generally inhibit the solute release from the lower streambed. Density gradients modify the pore water flow patterns and form circulating flows in the area of lower streambed. The formation of circulating flows is affected by density gradients associated with the solute concentration and horizontal pressure gradients induced by stream slope. The circulating flows near the bottom of the streambed enhance mixing of the hyporheic zone and the ambient flow zone. 相似文献
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湖泊或海湾中的沉积物吸附氮(N)、磷(P)等元素所形成的沉积层成为水体富营养化的內源。在波浪作用下,尤其是强浪作用下,沉积物中的N、P会通过内源释放作用大量进入水体中。本文在自制的U型水槽中开展实验,采用不同水头差来模拟波浪的循环荷载作用,研究了沉积层中的N、P在静置固结状态(Ⅰ)、加波未液化状态(Ⅱ)、加波液化状态(Ⅲ)下的释放规律,并给出该试验条件下的沉积物释放速率的拟合方程。试验结果表明:沉积物中总氮(TN)和溶解性总氮(TDN)的释放速率会随着水动力作用的增强而增加;总磷(TP)、溶解性总磷(TDP)和活性磷酸盐(SRP)的释放速率也随着水动力作用增强而增加,但水体中悬浮物(SS)含量过高会限制其释放速率。 相似文献
3.
Impact of Anthropogenic Heat Release on Regional Climate in Three Vast Urban Agglomerations in China简 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
We simulated the impact of anthropogenic heat release (AHR) on the regional climate in three vast city agglomerations in China using the Weather Research and Forecasting model with nested high-resolution modeling.Based on energy consumption and high-quality land use data,we designed two scenarios to represent no-AHR and current-AHR conditions.By comparing the results of the two numerical experiments,changes of surface air temperature and precipitation due to AHR were quantified and analyzed.We concluded that AHR increases the temperature in these urbanized areas by about 0.5℃-1℃,and this increase is more pronounced in winter than in other seasons.The inclusion of AHR enhances the convergence of water vapor over urbanized areas.Together with the warming of the lower troposphere and the enhancement of ascending motions caused by AHR,the average convective available potential energy in urbanized areas is increased.Rainfall amounts in summer over urbanized areas are likely to increase and regional precipitation patterns to be altered to some extent. 相似文献
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Water sensitivity phenomenon occurs during saline aquifer freshening process in seawater intrusion area, and clay particles released in the phenomenon can damage the infiltration capacity of the aquifer. In order to find out the factors and mechanisms for clay particle release, laboratory column infiltration experiments simulating saline aquifer freshening process were designed to measure the critical conditions(critical flow velocity, critical salt concentration and critical ionic strength) and force analysis for clay particle according to DLVO electric double layer theory was employed to illustrate the mechanisms for particle release. The research results showed that critical flow velocity for clay particle release is influenced by salt concentration of injecting solution. When salt concentration of injecting solution is very high, clay particles are not released, indicating that there does not exist a critical flow velocity in this situation. As salt concentration of injecting solution decreases, particles start to be released. The critical salt concentration for clay particle release is 0.052 mol L-1 in our work, which was determined by a constant-flux experiment for stepwise displacement of high concentration Na Cl solution. The critical ionic strength for clay particle release decreases as Ca2+ molar content percentage of the mixed solution of Na Cl and Ca Cl2 increases following the first-order exponential decay equation y = 0.0391e-0.266 x + 0.0015. 相似文献
7.
新建拉林铁路桑珠岭隧道高地应力、高地温隧道开挖过程中岩爆灾害突出。考虑开挖卸荷与温降共同耦合作用,对隧道开挖过程中不同温度时洞周应力释放过程进行数值模拟,同时对隧道开挖后的二次应力进行现场实测,就高地温对隧道洞周应力的影响进行了比较分析,最后就不同岩爆判据下高地温对岩爆发生的影响性进行了讨论。研究结果表明,采用应力释放率和温降指标反映开挖卸荷与温降共同耦合作用能合理描述高地应力高地温段开挖过程中的应力特征和岩爆发生规律。当温降超过55 ℃,应力释放率大于40%以后, 及 量值随应力释放率增大而线性增长,当应力释放率达到100%时达到最大,不同位置洞周应力拱脚处增长最快,拱顶次之,其他位置较低。在开挖中受高地温影响岩爆发生时间提前,岩爆发生等级亦不断增加。 相似文献
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单体式架构应用在突发事件预警辅助决策系统开发中不能满足现实需求,本文引入了微服务架构设计开发该辅助决策系统.通过分析微服务架构在复杂系统中相对于传统单体式架构的应用优势,设计出一种基于微服务架构的突发事件预警信息发布辅助决策系统,该系统选用Spring Cloud微服务框架,并对其进行适当的扩展,创建了基于该系统设计的注册中心与网关.系统采用二三维一体化地理信息系统作为展示平台,通过接入各行业静态、危险源动态监测数据,根据设定的模型进行数据融合、处理,辅助进行预警信息生成、发布及应急处置阶段的指挥决策.所设计方案在湖北省突发事件预警发布辅助决策系统中得以实际应用,验证了该类系统使用微服务架构的合理性和有效性. 相似文献
10.
A hydraulic invariance‐based methodology for the implementation of storm‐water release restrictions in urban land use master plans 下载免费PDF全文
Viviana Pappalardo Alberto Campisano Francesco Martinico Carlo Modica Luca Barbarossa 《水文研究》2017,31(23):4046-4055
A hydraulic invariance (HI)‐based methodology was developed as a tool to support implementation of storm flow control measures into land use master plans (LUMPs) for urban catchments. The methodology is based on the use of simple hydrologic analysis to compare predevelopment and postdevelopment catchment flow release scenarios. Differently from previous literature examples, for which the parcel scale is usually considered for the analysis, HI was pursued assuming the LUMP areas of transformation as the basic units for assigning storm water control measures in the form of flow release restrictions. The methodology was applied to a case study catchment in the southern part of the City of Catania (Italy), for which the LUMP re‐design has been recently proposed. Simulations were run based on the use of the EPA‐Storm Water Management Model and allowed deriving flow release restrictions in order to achieve HI at the subcatchment level for design events of different return period. 相似文献