基于SLAF-seq技术的黑棘鲷微卫星标记开发及其在鲷科鱼类中的通用性研究     

吴仁协  肖瑶  牛素芳  翟云  张浩冉  陈伟勇  黎晓 《海洋与湖沼》2019,50(2):365-377

黑棘鲷(Acanthopagrusschlegelii)是广泛分布于西北太平洋的暖温性中下层经济鱼类,也是我国沿海重要的海洋捕捞鱼类和增养殖对象。然而,目前有关黑棘鲷的微卫星标记研究报道较少,难以对其种质资源状况作出精确评估。本研究采用SLAF-seq技术测序共获得22489个二至六碱基重复的黑棘鲷微卫星序列,短重复序列(二、三碱基)占总微卫星序列的90.8%,长重复序列(四至六碱基)占有9.2%。经过157对随机合成引物的多态性筛选,开发出49个高多态性的黑棘鲷微卫星标记,其中短重复序列位点有25个,长重复序列位点有24个。每个位点的等位基因数(Na)为2—20(均值为8.3),观测杂合度(Ho)和期望杂合度(He)分别为0.097—0.938和0.122—0.922(均值分别为0.663和0.701),多态信息含量(PIC)为0.118—0.897(均值为0.655)。经Bonferroni校正后,有47个位点符合哈迪-温伯格平衡(HWE),各位点间未检测到连锁不平衡现象,仅2个位点偏离HWE。结果表明,所开发的大部分微卫星标记具有高多态性,蕴含的遗传信息含量较为丰富,能够为黑棘鲷的种群遗传资源评估提供数量充足、类型多样的有效分子标记。跨物种扩增结果显示,有43个黑棘鲷微卫星标记可在9种鲷科鱼类中成功扩增,其中28个标记在太平洋棘鲷(Acanthopagruspacificus)、黄鳍棘鲷(Acanthopagruslatus)和澳洲棘鲷(Acanthopagrusaustralis)中具有较好的通用性,2个标记在平鲷(Rhabdosargussarba)、蓝点赤鲷(Pagruscaeruleostictus)、真赤鲷(Pagrusmajor)、二长棘犁齿鲷(Evynnis cardinalis)及黄牙鲷(Dentex hypselosomus)中具有通用性。这些通用性标记可为阐明鲷科属、种间的系统进化关系和棘鲷属鱼类的群体遗传学分析提供新的标记来源和研究角度。  相似文献   

Effect of irregular structural configuration on floor acceleration demand in hill‐side buildings     

Mitesh Surana  Yogendra Singh  Dominik H. Lang 《地震工程与结构动力学》2018,47(10):2032-2054

A suite of reinforced‐concrete frame buildings located on hill sides, with 2 different structural configurations, viz step‐back and split‐foundation, are analyzed to study their floor response. Both step‐back and split‐foundation structural configurations lead to torsional effects in the direction across the slope due to the presence of shorter columns on the uphill side. Peak floor acceleration and floor response spectra are obtained at each storey's center of rigidity and at both its stiff and flexible edges. As reported in previous studies as well, it is observed that the floor response spectra are better correlated with the ground response spectrum. Therefore, the floor spectral amplification functions are obtained as the ratio of spectral ordinates at different floor levels to the one at the ground level. Peaks are observed in the spectral amplification functions corresponding to the first 2 modes in the upper portion of the hill‐side buildings, whereas a single peak corresponding to a specific kth mode of vibration is observed on the floors below the uppermost foundation level. Based on the numerical study for the step‐back and split‐foundation hill‐side buildings, simple floor spectral amplification functions are proposed and validated. The proposed spectral amplification functions take into account both the buildings' plan and elevation irregularities and can be used for seismic design of acceleration‐sensitive nonstructural components, given that the supporting structure's dynamic characteristics, torsional rotation, ground‐motion response spectrum, and location of the nonstructural components within the supporting structure are known, because current code models are actually not applicable to hill‐side buildings.  相似文献   

利用扩增vvhA基因的环介导等温扩增技术快速，特异而敏感地检测创伤弧菌     

张丽娜  王明义  丛殿霞  丁淑研  丛日楠  岳进勇  耿建利  胡成进 《海洋学报(英文版)》2018,37(4):83-88

创伤弧菌是一种可感染人类的河口病原菌。建立快速，特异而敏感的检测方法，有助于创伤弧菌感染的早期疾病诊断和及时治疗。本研究设计了针对vvhA基因的一系列引物（包括两对外部引物和两对内部引物），采用环介导等温扩增技术（LAMP）来检测创伤弧菌。结果显示，本方法的最适扩增温度是63℃，反应仅需35分钟。扩增产物不仅可以用含有DNA ladder的琼脂糖凝胶电泳检出，也可借助钙黄绿素直接肉眼观察。采用45株菌株检测该方法的特异性，其中所有创伤弧菌均被检出而其他菌株检测结果皆为阴性。本方法的敏感性是普通PCR扩增的100倍，同时利用该方法可以准确检测出所有的模拟样品、临床标本及环境样品。与其他已知方法比较，针对vvhA基因的介导等温扩增技术可以快速、简单、敏感及特异地鉴定创伤弧菌。  相似文献   

黄土河谷场地地形放大效应的研究     

王良  卢育霞  马林伟  孔德政 《大地测量与地球动力学》2018,38(2):167-171

使用黄土河谷场地模型对地震动峰值加速度和频谱特征进行研究。结果表明，不同工况下各观测点PGA的放大比呈现出不同的变化规律。分析山顶和山谷各点的傅里叶谱以及谱比发现，在地形和土层共同作用下的放大效应是各自单独作用下放大效应的乘积。  相似文献   

复杂载荷作用下立管触地段损伤管道的动力响应     

代云云  周晶  李志刚 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》2020,(1):145-153

触地段(Touchdown zone, TDZ)是在役钢悬链线立管(Steel catenary riser, SCR)的关键部位,在复杂载荷作用下,极易形成损伤缺陷,其载荷寿命的评估是深海结构工程中的一个关键问题。本文以大型有限元软件ABAQUS为平台,运用损伤管道实体单元与土弹簧阻尼单元相互作用的模型模拟触地段损伤海底管道在复杂载荷作用下的动力响应,数值计算考虑了管-土相互作用过程中的材料非线性、几何非线性以及接触非线性。讨论了单一环向体积损伤位于触地段管道的不同位置时,触地段损伤管道在不同载荷作用下的动力特性及特征点的动力响应。结果表明,管道所受内外压力以及管道提升端的竖向位移载荷会影响结构的自振频率;体积损伤部位的动力响应较完好部位更剧烈;体积损伤的位置和动力载荷频率对管道动力放大系数的影响很大;当动力载荷的激励频率越接近结构基频时,损伤管道的动力响应及动力放大系数越大。  相似文献   

Sensitive and rapid detection of two toxic microalgae Alexandrium by loop-mediated isothermal amplification     

ZHANG Fengying  SHI Yanhong  JIANG Keji  XU Zhaoli  MA Lingbo 《海洋学报(英文版)》2018,37(2):139-146

A loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) assay was designed and evaluated for rapid detection of the toxic microalgae Alexandrium catenella and A. minutum, which can produce paralytic shellfish poisoning (PSP). Two sets of four specific primers targeting these two species were derived from the sequence of internal transcribed spacer (ITS) of ribosomal DNA. The method worked well in less than an hour under isothermal conditions of 65℃. LAMP specificity was validated in closely related algae as a comparison, suggesting the strict specificity of the LAMP primers. Two visual inspection approaches were feasible to interpret the positive or negative results. The detection limits of A. catenella and A. minutum samples using the LAMP assay were found to be 5.6 and 4.5 pg DNA, respectively. The sensitivity of this LAMP assay was 10 or 100-fold higher than Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) method in detecting the two microalgae. These characteristics of species specificity, sensitivity, and rapidity suggest that this method has the potentiality in the monitoring of red tide caused by A. catenella and A. minutum.  相似文献   

Mitigating the effects of sand dunes on seismic data from the Rub al Khali basin,Saudi Arabia     

Mustafa Al-Marzooq  Mamadou S. Diallo  Vincent Etienne  Thierry Tonellot  SanLinn I. Kaka 《Geophysical Prospecting》2019,67(7):1825-1837

The Rub Al Khali region in Saudi Arabia is characterized by the presence of sand dunes separated by salt flats, also called Sabkhas. In general, the elevation of dunes in this region varies between 90 and 250 m above sea level. The presence of these sand dunes, along with the rapidly changing surface topography poses challenges for seismic data acquisition and processing. The high contrast in acoustic impedance between the dune base and the underlying formation often results in amplification of seismic waves that are recorded at stations located on the surface of sand dunes. Attempts to address the issue using conventional surface-consistent amplitude scaling methods without reducing these amplification effects generally fail, thus compromising the suitability of the processed data for amplitude versus offset analysis. In this study, we propose a new reference site technique to reduce the effects of sand dune amplification, enabling the production of data sets that are suitable for amplitude versus offset processing. The proposed technique uses a deterministic approach to derive surface-consistent, frequency-dependent de-amplification functions for shots and stations located on the dunes only. Two-dimensional synthetic and field data examples show that the technique significantly reduces the effects of sand dune amplification.  相似文献   

地形对台风“海葵”降水增幅影响的研究     

朱红芳  王东勇  娄珊珊  邱学兴 《湖北气象》2015,(2):160-167

使用NCEP GFS资料和WRF V3.4模式对2012年第11号台风"海葵"(1211)引发的安徽强降水过程进行数值模拟,通过改变模式中安徽省大别山区和皖南山区的地形高度,设计一组敏感性试验,对"海葵"降水的地形增幅效应进行研究。结果表明:(1)WRF模式对台风"海葵"降水过程有较好的模拟能力。(2)大别山区和皖南山区地形对"海葵"移动路径、强度以及降水分布、强度均有不同程度的影响;不同地形高度下模拟的台风路径及降水分布差异较大,且降水中心强度与地形高度相关性较好,地形对暴雨增幅作用明显。(3)山区地形有利于中尺度辐合线和低涡生成、发展,并有强水汽辐合中心与之相对应;有地形时对流层低层上升运动比无地形时明显加强,对安徽中南部强降水增幅作用显著。  相似文献   

北半球夏季中高纬度大气阻塞对北极海冰变化的影响          下载免费PDF全文

肖贻青 黄斌刁一娜  罗德海 《极地研究》2015,27(4):364-378

利用NCEP/NCAR再分析逐日500 h Pa高度场资料,对北半球夏季中高纬度大气阻塞特征进行统计分析,发现大气阻塞活动频率高的地区主要集中在白令海峡区域、鄂霍次克海区域、欧亚大陆区域及格陵兰区域。而通过NSIDC提供的卫星观测资料发现近30年夏季海冰容易减少的区域正好对应阻塞活动北部的高纬度地区。分别通过对以上4个区域有阻塞发生相对没有阻塞发生时的500 h Pa位势高度场、地面温度场、850 h Pa经向瞬变热通量输送和平流输送等异常变化场进行对比分析,结果发现夏季中高纬度阻塞频率的增加对海冰的减少有显著影响,主要体现在阻塞的发生发展可通过增加高纬度地面温度、对极地的热量输送和暖平流输送来加快海冰的融化。这种阻塞引起的热力作用在鄂霍次克海和欧亚大陆区域效果更为显著。  相似文献   

中国对虾选育群体“黄海1号”和野生群体不同组织基因组DNA甲基化的MSAP分析     

何玉英  杜盈  李健  刘萍  王清印  李朝霞 《海洋学报(英文版)》2015,34(12):175-180

DNA甲基化在调节动物生长发育和组织分化中发挥了重要作用。本研究主要从酶切、预扩和选扩等方面优化了中国对虾DNA甲基化分析的MSAP技术,给出了适合中国对虾MSAP分析的最近反应程序和体系,并采用该技术分别对中国对虾选育群体"黄海1号"和野生群体的肌肉、鳃和血细胞三种组织基因组DNA的CCGG甲基化水平进行分析。研究结果表明,中国对虾野生群体肌肉、鳃和血细胞的DNA甲基化比例分别为23.1%、22.3%和19.7%,选育群体"黄海1号"肌肉、鳃和血液的甲基化比例分别为21.4%、19.6%和18.9%。鳃组织的DNA甲基化水平在两群体中差异极显著(P <0.01),肌肉间的甲基化水平差异显著(P <0.05),而血细胞中甲基化水平差异不显著(P >0.05)。中国对虾野生群体和"黄海1号"同一组织间的甲基化水平不同(P ≤ 0.05),而不同组织间的甲基化水平也各不相同(P ≤ 0.05)。DNA甲基化多态性分析表明,野生群体和选育群体"黄海1号"的鳃和血细胞组织的甲基化多态性比例变化明显,而肌肉组织甲基化水平较稳定,这些变化趋势与CCGG位点的甲基化和去甲基化有关。  相似文献