Quantitative elemental mapping of granulite-facies monazite: Textural insights and implications for petrochronology     

Owen M. Weller  Simon Jackson  William G. R. Miller  Marc R. St-Onge  Nicole Rayner 《Journal of Metamorphic Geology》2020,38(8):853-880

Texturally complex monazite grains contained in two granulite-facies pelitic migmatites from southern Baffin Island, Arctic Canada, were mapped by laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (using spot sizes ≤5 µm) to quantitatively determine the spatial variation in trace element chemistry (with up to 1,883 analyses per grain). The maps highlight the chemical complexity of monazite grains that have experienced multiple episodes of growth, resorption and chemical modification by dissolution–precipitation during high-grade metamorphism. Following detailed chemical characterization of monazite compositional zones, a related U–Pb data set is re-interpreted, allowing petrologically significant ages to be extracted from a continuum of concordant data. Synthesis of these data with pseudosection modelling of prograde and peak conditions allows for the temporal evolution of monazite trace element chemistry to be placed in the context of the evolving P–T conditions and major phase assemblage. This approach enables a critical evaluation of three commonly used petrochronological indicators: linking Y to garnet abundance, the Eu anomaly to feldspar content and Th/U to anatectic processes. Europium anomalies and Th/U behave in a relatively systematic fashion, suggesting that they are reliable petrochronological witnesses. However, Y systematics are variable, both within domains interpreted to have grown in a single event, between grains interpreted to be part of the same age population, and between samples that experienced similar metamorphic conditions and mineral assemblages. These observations caution against generalized petrological interpretations on the basis of Y content, as it suggests Y concentrations in monazite are controlled by domainal equilibria. The results reveal a c. 45 Myr interval between prograde metamorphism and retrograde melt crystallization in the study area, emphasizing the long-lived nature of heat flow in high-grade metamorphic terranes. Such long timescales of metamorphism would be assisted by the growth, retention and dominance of high-Th suprasolidus monazite, as observed in this study, contributing to the radiogenic heating budget of mid- to lower-crustal environments. Careful characterization of monazite grains suggests that continuum-style U–Pb data sets can be decoded to provide insights into the duration of metamorphic processes.  相似文献   

厚层切叠砂体自然层描述方法:以北一区断东葡一组1-4小层为例     

吴迪  马世忠  景丽娟  周志国 《世界地质》2020,39(1):106-112

将多期切叠河道砂体归类合并,建立一个“垂向连续,横向联通的表外砂岩空间体”(其中砂岩间夹层厚度≤0.4 m)的自然层概念来控制多期河道复合切叠厚砂体。以北一匹断东萄一组1-4小层为例,利用自然层间砂体厚度、切叠程度、测井曲线形态、相叠加类型及砂体叠加期次将自然层分为5类;再依据砂体间切叠位置、切叠程度和切叠形态的差异建立自然层剖面表征方法;依据砂体叠加期次,建立自然层在平面上表征模式。  相似文献   

贵州开阳地区澄江组第二段砂岩粒度分析与沉积环境          下载免费PDF全文

乔卫涛  陈仁  胡歆睿  吕留彦  周武 《贵州地质》2020,37(1):59-65

对开阳地区金中背斜及翁昭地区澄江组第二段砂岩的进行了粒度分析,得出了其粒度参数特征。以粒度参数为基础,根据萨胡粒度判别函数、离散图解及粒度概率累积曲线及Sr/Ba测试分析,显示其沉积环境为河流相沉积。结合砂岩岩石学特征综合判断金中地区为辫状河沉积而翁昭地区为曲流河沉积。整体证实了贵州南华系澄江晚期古地理格局为北西高,南东低的特征。  相似文献   

Clinoform architecture and along‐strike facies variability through an exhumed erosional to accretionary basin margin transition     

Miquel Poyatos‐Mor  George D. Jones  Rufus L. Brunt  Daniel E. Tek  David M. Hodgson  Stephen S. Flint 《Basin Research》2019,31(5):920-947

Exhumed basin margin‐scale clinothems provide important archives for understanding process interactions and reconstructing the physiography of sedimentary basins. However, studies of coeval shelf through slope to basin‐floor deposits are rarely documented, mainly due to outcrop or subsurface dataset limitations. Unit G from the Laingsburg depocentre (Karoo Basin, South Africa) is a rare example of a complete basin margin scale clinothem (>60 km long, 200 m‐high), with >10 km of depositional strike control, which allows a quasi‐3D study of a preserved shelf‐slope‐basin floor transition over a ca. 1,200 km² area. Sand‐prone, wave‐influenced topset deposits close to the shelf‐edge rollover zone can be physically mapped down dip for ca. 10 km as they thicken and transition into heterolithic foreset/slope deposits. These deposits progressively fine and thin over tens of km farther down dip into sand‐starved bottomset/basin‐floor deposits. Only a few km along strike, the coeval foreset/slope deposits are bypass‐dominated with incisional features interpreted as minor slope conduits/gullies. The margin here is steeper, more channelized and records a stepped profile with evidence of sand‐filled intraslope topography, a preserved base‐of‐slope transition zone and sand‐rich bottomset/basin‐floor deposits. Unit G is interpreted as part of a composite depositional sequence that records a change in basin margin style from an underlying incised slope with large sand‐rich basin‐floor fans to an overlying accretion‐dominated shelf with limited sand supply to the slope and basin floor. The change in margin style is accompanied with decreased clinoform height/slope and increased shelf width. This is interpreted to reflect a transition in subsidence style from regional sag, driven by dynamic topography/inherited basement configuration, to early foreland basin flexural loading. Results of this study caution against reconstructing basin margin successions from partial datasets without accounting for temporal and spatial physiographic changes, with potential implications on predictive basin evolution models.  相似文献   

四川盆地西北部二叠系栖霞阶层序地层特征及地质意义   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2       下载免费PDF全文

胡笙  谭秀成  罗冰  张本健  张亚  苏成鹏  芦飞凡  李明隆 《古地理学报》2020,22(6):1109-1126

基于露头、钻井岩心和测录井资料,采用层序地层学理论与方法,将四川盆地西北部二叠系梁山组+栖霞组作为一个整体予以解剖,识别出梁山组底界面(Ⅰ型)、栖一段与栖二段界面(Ⅱ型)和栖霞组与茅口组界面(Ⅰ型)3个三级层序界面,将中二叠统栖霞阶划分为2个三级层序: 下部的SQ1层序对应梁山组+栖一段,上部的SQ2层序对应栖二段。通过栖霞阶层序地层格架分析,发现栖霞阶地层存在“底超顶削”的充填规律,统计并绘制SQ1与SQ2层序地层厚度等值线图,对研究区栖霞阶SQ1初期和SQ2期构造—古地理格局进行了恢复,在明确SQ2期为栖霞阶主要成滩期的基础上,结合岩溶发育单元及白云岩展布特征,讨论栖霞阶油气储集意义。结果表明:区内栖霞阶存在北西、北东向隆坳分异,汉南隆起、川北隆起、北缘隆起与广元—旺苍凹陷始终控制了区内沉积格局,指出广元—旺苍海槽雏形始于二叠系栖霞阶。研究区岩溶白云岩孔洞型储集层区与环广元—旺苍凹陷周缘的灰岩岩溶型储集层区为有利的勘探区。  相似文献   

西昆仑玛尔坎苏石炭纪大型锰矿带构造背景与成矿条件     

张连昌  张帮禄  董志国  谢月桥  李文君  彭自栋  朱明田  王长乐 《吉林大学学报(地球科学版)》2020,50(5):1340-1357

西昆仑北段玛尔坎苏地区探明的大型碳酸锰成矿带，是我国近年最重要的找矿成果之一。该锰矿带构造上属北昆仑晚古生代弧后伸展盆地，其构造动力学背景为古特提斯洋向北俯冲于塔里木地块之下形成的弧盆体系。锰矿体主要发育于晚石炭世喀拉阿特河组含炭泥质灰岩夹薄层灰岩中。矿石中主要金属矿物为菱锰矿（75%~95%），次为软锰矿、硫锰矿及少量黄铁矿等。含锰岩系岩性和岩相学研究表明，玛尔坎苏锰矿带属典型的海相沉积锰矿床，其矿床成因可能与晚古生代半局限盆地沉积和海底热液活动有关。海底热液活动可能为成矿提供了丰富的物质来源。含锰岩系元素和同位素地球化学特征表明，玛尔坎苏锰矿沉淀时的水体环境为常氧条件，而矿层下盘（部分）岩系的岩性及地球化学特征反映其沉积时的水体环境为低氧—贫氧条件。玛尔坎苏锰矿带锰矿石具有负的δ¹³C值（-23.3‰~-10.0‰），推测有机质导致的还原作用是该锰矿由原生氧化锰在成岩期转化为菱锰矿和形成富锰矿的重要机制。  相似文献   

东海盆地西湖凹陷天台区始新世平湖组风暴岩的发现及其地质意义     

何玉平 《吉林大学学报(地球科学版)》2020,50(2):500-508

风暴岩对于古地理和古环境具有良好的指相意义。东海盆地西湖凹陷天台区始新世平湖组发育典型的风暴岩。通过详细的岩心观察，发育的风暴沉积标志主要有冲刷-充填构造、风暴撕扯构造和丘状-洼状交错层理构造等。根据风暴岩垂向上的组合特征及沉积构造差异，识别出了近源和远源两种风暴沉积类型，分别指示了不同的沉积背景：近源风暴岩表现为不完整的风暴岩垂向沉积序列，呈风暴砾屑层段（A）+泥岩段（E）叠加，为潮坪潮下带沉积；远源风暴岩具完整和不完整的风暴岩垂向沉积序列，以粒序段（B）+平行层理段（C）+丘状（洼状）层理段（D）叠加为特征，属浅海陆棚沉积。风暴层序自下而上沉积环境为浅海陆棚→潮坪，风暴岩的分布差异表明形成环境向上变浅的沉积特征。该发现为本区古环境的演变提供了重要依据。  相似文献   

西藏羌北高原多格错仁盐湖中更新世晚期以来的环境演化记录     

李金锁  刘喜方  牛新生  商斌  李国臣 《地质学报》2020,94(10):3130-3143

通过对西藏藏北高原多格错仁盐湖湖岸3101cm高度剖面进行地形地貌、地层沉积特征、矿物学特征及粒度、频率磁化率等气候环境变化指标的分析研究发现，整个剖面反映出大致6个较大的气候变化过程：233. 3kaBP～223. 5kaBP气候波动较大，总体趋势气候趋于干冷，期间出现过两次较温暖气候，之后气候逐渐变冷；在223. 5kaBP～213. 6kaBP总体变化为气温大幅度上升，但在期间有一次较大的相对冷干过程；213. 6kaBP～170kaBP之间总体变化气候趋于变冷，中间有2次明显的气候变暖湿过程及两次冷干过程；170kaBP～117. 1kaBP气候转为明显湿热；117. 1kaBP～75. 6kaBP气候变化趋势明显降低；75. 6kaBP～56. 7kaBP气候又明显上升达到湿热状态。以上气候波动规律与极地冰芯记录及深海氧同位素记录的古气候波动规律有很好的一致性，同时本盐湖区与柴达木盆地察尔汗盐湖区的CH0310钻孔及青海湖南岸二郎剑阶地的 QH 86钻孔所揭示的中更新世晚期以来的气候变化的分析对比，发现西藏羌北的多格错仁盐湖区与青海的察尔汗盐湖区及青海湖湖区在更新世中晚期以来的气候环境变迁存在极好的可比性，说明青藏高原的气候演化在中晚更新世以来基本具有一致性，在时间上的微小超前与滞后具有区域上的细微变化，说明气候变迁在不同的区域又具有各自的独特性。  相似文献   

黔西南中晚二叠世大厂层火山热水沉积成矿作用     

杜丽娟  陈军  杨瑞东  黄智龙  郑禄林  高军波  魏怀瑞 《地质论评》2020,66(2):439-456

贵州晴隆大厂锑矿区赋矿地层大厂层为一套以硅化为主的火山碎屑岩沉积建造,因其别具特色的岩石组合、特殊的构造位置,以及含有金、锑、萤石、硫铁矿等矿产资源而备受地学界关注。晴隆大厂锑矿床90%以上的锑矿体和金矿化体均位于大厂层之中,因此,研究大厂层的形成和演化过程及其对锑、金成矿的控制作用或影响机理显得尤为重要。沉积岩相学研究表明,大厂层主要包括火山岩相(火山溢流相、淬碎角砾岩相、沉凝灰岩相、空落集块岩相和熔结凝灰岩相)和热液沉积岩相(热水沉积相、热水喷流相和热水交代相)。中—晚二叠世(约260 Ma)的溢流玄武岩、基性火山喷发和海底热水喷流活动是大厂层的主要物源供给者。元素地球化学研究表明,大厂层在沉积过程的热水喷流沉积作用提供了Sb、As、Au、Ag、Pb等成矿元素,并形成成矿元素的初始"富集体"。综合研究认为,中—晚二叠世的热水喷流沉积活动在时间上与右江盆地印支期低温热液成矿事件(200～250 Ma)在时空上基本一致,为印支期成矿事件在右江盆地北缘的响应。  相似文献   

大凌河河口地区中更新世晚期以来沉积环境演化     

商志文  李建芬  姜兴钰  李琰  王宏 《地质学报》2020,94(8):2433-2445

大凌河河口地区LZK06孔40m以浅岩心的沉积学、古生物学和年代学等综合研究以及该地区LZK02- 04钻孔资料，揭示了研究区中更新世晚期以来经历了两次海侵- 海退旋回，依次形成了中更新世晚期湖相/河流相 SymbolnB@ 晚更新世海相- 湖相/河流相 SymbolnB@ 全新世海相- 河流相地层。全新世早中期由于物源供给很少，研究区处于长达约10ka的饥饿滞留相沉积环境，平均沉积速率仅约0. 02~0. 05cm/a。全新世晚期约1500a cal BP以来，由于人类活动导致水土流失，河流输砂量增加，研究区开始了快速加积过程，平均沉积速率约0. 9~1. 2cm/a，下辽河平原被快速充填，开始成陆。与全球海面变化时空分布特征的对比，推断辽东湾的第II海相层发育于MIS 5- MIS 3早期，第I海相层发育于MIS 1阶段高海面时期。晚更新世以来频繁的海面升降是辽东湾泥质海岸带地层和环境演化的主要控制因素。  相似文献