Natural radioactivity in sediment of Wei River,China   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Xinwei Lu  Xiaolan Zhang  Fengling Wang 《Environmental Geology》2008,53(7):1475-1481

The concentrations of natural radionuclides in sediment of Wei River of China were measured using γ-ray spectrometry with the aim of estimating the radiation hazard as establishing a database for radioactivity levels of river sediment of China. The activity concentrations of ²²⁶Ra, ²³²Th and ⁴⁰K in sediment samples ranged from 10.4 to 39.9 Bq kg⁻¹, 15.3 to 54.8 Bq kg⁻¹ and 514.8 to 1,175.5 Bq kg⁻¹, respectively. The concentrations of these radionuclides were compared with the typical world values and the average activities of Chinese soil and Shaanxi soil. Radium equivalent activity (Ra_eq), external hazard index (H _ex) and representative level index (I _γr) were calculated for the samples to assess the radiation hazards arising due to the use of these sediment samples in the construction of dwellings. All the sediment samples have Ra_eq lower than the limit of 370 Bq kg⁻¹, H _ex less than unity and I _γr close to 1 Bq kg⁻¹. The overall mean outdoor terrestrial gamma dose rate is 64.8 nGy h⁻¹ and the corresponding outdoor annual effective dose is 0.079 mSv. None of the studied location is considered a radiological risk and sediment can be safely used in construction.  相似文献   

<Superscript>226</Superscript>Ra, <Superscript>232</Superscript>Th and <Superscript>40</Superscript>K activities in soils of Cuihua Mountain National Geological Park,China     

Xinwei Lu  Xiaolan Zhang 《Environmental Geology》2008,56(2):353-357

Gamma activity from the naturally occurring radionuclides namely, ²²⁶Ra, ²³²Th, the primordial radionuclide ⁴⁰K was measured in the soil of Cuihua Mountain National Geological Park, China using γ-ray spectrometry technique. The mean activity of ²²⁶Ra, ²³²Th and ⁴⁰K were found to be 27.2 ± 6.5, 43.9 ± 6.2 and 653.1 ± 127.6 Bq kg⁻¹, respectively. The concentrations of these radionuclides were compared with the typical world values and the average activities of Chinese soil. The radium equivalent activity, the air absorbed dose rate, the annual effective dose rate, and the external hazard index were evaluated and compared with the internationally approved values. All the soil samples have Ra_eq lower than the limit of 370 Bq kg⁻¹ and H _ex less than unity. The overall mean outdoor terrestrial gamma dose rate is 66.3 nGy h⁻¹ and the corresponding outdoor annual effective dose is 0.081 mSv.  相似文献   

西安南郊丰水年秋季土壤水分研究   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

李艳花  赵景波 《中国沙漠》2006,26(1):113-116

 通过对西安南郊丰水年秋季土壤含水量的测定，研究了地下0~6 m之间土壤含水量的变化与土壤干层的恢复问题。研究结果表明，丰水年西安南郊人工林下2~3 m的土壤含水量在20％左右，远远高于正常年份的土壤含水量，而且大于表层和深层的土壤含水量。分析得出，土壤干层发育较弱的地区在降水丰富的年份可以得到一定程度的恢复；西安地区基本适合进行人工造林；通过人工措施，增强降水入渗和土壤含水量，对树木成活和长期的生长应当具有明显的作用。  相似文献   

近50 a渭河流域洪水成因分析及防治对策   总被引：6，自引：1，他引：6  

张琼华  赵景波 《中国沙漠》2006,26(1):117-121

 通过对近50 a渭河流域洪水的年际变化、月际变化和潼关高程变化的综合分析得出，造成该流域洪水灾害的原因有降水量年内分配不均和年际变化大，滩面淤积加重，支流河口淤塞以及河势、流态的恶化等。针对这些原因，根据渭河流域洪水灾害的特点，提出了相应的防治措施，即降低下游高程，减少河道的淤积，增大河道泄洪能力；利用水库进行调水调沙，引进客水冲刷渭河下游；防洪工程要除险加固，提高防洪标准与抗洪能力；恢复林草植被，遏止水土流失，从源头上控制泥沙入河等。  相似文献   

长江下游地区下蜀黄土堆积与成壤环境演变——以南京江北地区一典型剖面为例     

毛龙江  贾耀锋  邹欣庆 《地理研究》2006,25(5):887-894

通过对南京江北地区一个典型剖面（TZC剖面）进行野外调查、室内磁化率、粒度等替代性指标分析和光释光断代研究,探讨了该地区第一层古土壤形成时的粉尘堆积与成壤环境演变特点。结果表明:第一层古土壤（400⁵0cm）形成于全新世最适宜期（8500³100aBP）,是在末次冰期下蜀黄土堆积成壤基础上的再发育,与下伏黄土之间存在发生学联系。根据沉积年代和沉积厚度对沉积速率估算,该地区末次冰期沉积速率约为11.17cm/ka,而且可以推测古土壤顶部经历过强烈的水土侵蚀作用,侵蚀的厚度为98.67cm,侵蚀下来的黄土在地势低洼的地方形成次生黄土,这表明了次生黄土同为风尘成因,只是经过后期雨水的侵蚀、搬运和再堆积而已。全新世晚期3100年以来,季风转变,沙尘暴加剧,土壤退化,在南京江北地区堆积成厚约50cm左右的现代黄土层或表土层。  相似文献   

中国西北半干旱区土地景观变化成因--以榆林市为例   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

郭丽英  任志远  刘彦随 《地理学报(英文版)》2006,16(2):192-198

1 Introduction Landscape change is a result of the complex interactions between physical, biological, political, economic and social driving forces (Moody and Woodcock 1995; Apan et al., 2002). Landscape in arid and semi-arid China is extremely vulnerabl…  相似文献   

区域生态安全动态变化及空间差异定量分析:以陕北黄土高原为例     

李晶  任志远  周自翔 《地理学报(英文版)》2006,16(2):251-256

1 Introduction Ecological security is defined as the goal of stakeholders to create a condition where the physical surroundings of a community provide for the needs of its inhabitants without diminishing its natural stock (Chen, 2002; Wachernagel et al.,…  相似文献   

西北五省(区)生态环境综合分区及其建设对策   总被引：17，自引：2，他引：17  

刘胤汉  管海晏  李厚地  王永  刘晓靖 《地理科学进展》2002,21(5):403-409

本文以图像遥感解译为主 ,结合野外实际考察 ,并通过抽样验证完成。在对生态环境界定和赋予内涵的基础上 ,根据区划目的、原则和所选取的指标体系 ,从生态环境分类入手 ,经过从上向下续分和由下向上合并的反复磨合过程、专家集成模拟 ,对西北五省(区 )生态环境做了全面的综合分区研究 ,并针对所存在的生态环境问题 ,提出生态环境保护和建设的对策 ,为西北五省 (区 )实施西部大开发生态环境监测、治理、建设和规划提供科学依据。  相似文献   

杭州城区“最具出游力”人群休闲旅游障碍性因素的实证分析   总被引：14，自引：0，他引：14  

陈世斌 《地理研究》2005,24(6):982-991

休闲旅游作为一种旅游方式和休闲活动内容越来越受到重视，通过对杭州市“最具出游力”人群调查，运用旅游地理学分析方法发现，影响他们进行休闲旅游的因素最重要的是时间因素、交通因素和学习因素，传统观点中的经济因素地位明显下降；同时分析了不同职业、性别和年龄人员中各因素作用的差异。这种实证性的调查分析方法和结论对于休闲旅游理论和杭州市休闲产业的发展都有一定意义。  相似文献   

Spatio-temporal differentiation of landscape ecological niche in western ecological frangible region: A case study of Yan’an region in northwestern China     

REN Zhiyuan  WANG Lixia 《地理学报》2007,17(4):479-486

In this study, we attempt to put forward a conception of landscape ecological niche, enlightened by international scholars on extending the ecological niche theory from spatial niche to functional niche. That is helpful for comprehensively appraising landscape spatial patterns and ecological functions, also, presents a new method for analyzing landscape fea-tures from multidimensional aspects. The practice process is demonstrated by taking Yan’an region in northwestern China as a case. Firstly, the indices system including spatial attribute and functional attribute is established for assessing landscape ecological niche. Additionally, two-dimensional figures are drawn for comparing the spatio-temporal features of landscape ecological niche in 1987 and 2000 among the 13 administrative counties. The results show that from 1987 to 2000, towards Yan’an region, spatial attribute value of landscape ecological niche changes from 1.000 to 1.178 with an obvious increment, and functional attribute value changes from 0.989 to 1.069 with a little increment, both of which enhance the regional landscape ecological niche. Towards each county, spatial attribute value of landscape eco-logical niche increases to different extent while functional attribute value changes dissimilarly with an increment or a decrement.  相似文献