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通过种子沉积法制备出Fe_3O_4/Mg(OH)_2复合材料并进行XRD、SEM测试分析。探究了氨水的浓度与加入速度、搅拌速度及等因素对磁性复合材料形貌的影响。氨水浓度与注入速度的降低,对氢氧化镁基体形貌的影响是相同的,但要使合成磁性复合材料形貌和四氧化三铁粒子在氢氧化镁中分散性均匀,应控制氨水浓度(ω=2.5%)或加入速度在一个合理的较低值。  相似文献   
2.
以Ti(OC4H9)4和SnCl4.5H2O为原料,乙醇为溶剂,离子液体1-丁基-3-甲基四氟硼酸咪唑盐([Bmim][BF4])为表面活性剂,12%的氨水为沉淀剂,采用共沉淀法合成了不同形态的掺杂锡的二氧化钛。利用X-射线粉末衍射仪(XRD)、场发射扫描电镜(FESEM)、同步热分析仪(TG-DSC)、紫外—可见吸收光谱仪(UV-Vis)、比表面积孔隙度分析仪(BET)和能量色散X射线光谱仪(EDS)表征所合成材料的结构、形貌、热稳定性、光学性能、比表面积。Sn掺杂后各样品在紫外和可见光区的吸收能力均有不同程度地增强。与未掺杂TiO2的吸收带边相比,Sn掺杂TiO2的吸收带边分别红移了约35 nm,从而提高了光催化降解甲基橙的活性。为了评估产品的光催化性能,进行了掺杂锡的纳米二氧化钛对甲基橙的光催化降解实验,实验结果表明在2 mL离子液体中合成掺杂锡为7%的纳米二氧化钛对甲基橙的光降解具有最好的催化作用。光照90 min对甲基橙的降解率就达到了97%以上,大幅度提高了TiO2的可见光催化活性,这是因为有效抑制了光生电子和空穴的复合,也明显降低了TiO2的禁带宽度。  相似文献   
3.
The dramatic decline in aqueous Ni concentrations in the Archean oceans during the Great Oxygenation Event is evident in declining solid phase Ni concentrations in Banded Iron Formations (BIFs) at the time. Several experiments have been performed to identify the main removal mechanisms of Ni from seawater into BIFs, whereby adsorption of Ni onto ferrihydrites has shown to be an efficient process. Ni isotopic measurements have shown limited isotopic fraction during this process, however, most experiments have been conducted in simple solutions containing varying proportions of dissolved Fe and Ni as NO3 salts, as opposed to Cl salts which are dominant in seawater. Further, Archean oceans were, before the advent of siliceous eukaryotes, likely saturated with amorphous Si as seen in the interlayered chert layers within BIFs. Despite Si being shown to greatly affect the Ni elemental partitioning onto ferrihydrite solids, no studies have been made on the effects of Si on the Ni isotope fractionation. Here we report results of multiple coprecipitation experiments where ferrihydrite precipitated in mixed solutions with Ni and Si. Ni concentrations in the experiments ranged between 200 and 4000 nM for fixed concentrations of Si at either 0, 0.67 or 2.2 mM. The results show that Si at these concentrations has a limited effect on the Ni isotope fractionation during coprecipitation of ferrihydrite. At 0.67 mM, the saturation concentration of cristobalite, the isotopic fractionation factors between the precipitating solid and experimental fluid are identical to experiments not containing Si (0.34 ± 0.17‰). At 2.2 mM Si, and the saturation concentration of amorphous silica, however, the Ni isotopic composition of the ferrihydrite solids deviate to more negative values and show a larger variation than at low or no Si, and some samples show fractionation of up to 0.5‰. Despite this seemingly more unstable fractionation behaviour, the combined results indicate that even at as high concentrations of Si as 2.2 mM, the δ60Ni values of the forming ferrihydrites does not change much. The results of our study implicate that Si may not be a major factor in fractionating stable Ni isotopes, which would make it easier to interpret future BIF record and reconstruct Archean ocean chemistry.  相似文献   
4.
研究了在液相共沉淀法制备长余辉发光粉体SrAl2O4∶Eu2+,Dy3+的过程中,原料锶铝比、煅烧温度、保温时间对前躯体和煅烧产物的物相组成以及产物的长余辉性能的影响。采用X射线粉晶衍射仪(XRD)、荧光材料余辉特性测试仪对发光材料的物相组成和性能进行测试表征。研究表明,液相共沉淀法制备长余辉发光粉体SrAl2O4∶Eu2+,Dy3+的最佳条件为锶铝量比为1∶2,烧结温度1200℃及保温时间为3h;长余辉材料的物相组成以SrAl2O4相为主晶相,并存在富铝相Sr4Al14O25、SrAl4O7和SrAl12O19。  相似文献   
5.
近些年来,粉煤灰和盐湖老卤镁资源的综合利用逐渐成为人们关注的焦点之一,绿色制备低成本类水滑石是有效的解决方式之一。本文以Na2CO3和NaOH为沉淀剂和pH调节剂,以高浓度粉煤灰浸取液中Al3+和近饱和富镁卤水中的Mg2+为金属离子源,采用共沉淀-水热法,成功制备了镁铝水滑石。通过XRD和SEM的测试分析探讨了陈化温度、陈化时间、镁铝摩尔比、碱液浓度等因素对镁铝水滑石形貌结构的影响。结果表明用加料方式A:将铝源与镁源依次加入碱液中;陈化时间6h;陈化温度140℃;Mg/Al摩尔比为3;摩尔比为1;粉煤灰浸取液滴加速度为0.3mL/min(料液体积为9mL);富镁卤水滴加速度为0.6mL/min;反应温度60℃;NaOH浓度4mol/L时,合成的镁铝水滑石为六边形片层结构,形貌更为规整(颗粒粒径为100-200nm),结晶度更高。本文研究为粉煤灰浸取液和盐湖老卤废弃物的高值化利用奠定一定的理论基础。  相似文献   
6.
以硝酸钴、氢氧化锂为原料采用共沉淀法合成了钴酸锂超细粉体。通过XRD、SEM研究了粉体的晶体结构、形貌等,表明水相共沉淀法合成的粉体层状结构、晶体发育完善,表面光滑,粒径分布范围窄,大部分颗粒粒径在2~3μm间。充放电循环测试表明,电压平台高,在0.2 C倍率下,首次放电比容量高达189.8 mAh.g-1。电化学性能及阻抗测试表明,在4.027 V/3.829 V一对氧化还原峰,对应于Co2+/Co3+氧化还原反应。  相似文献   
7.
In this study, we assessed the co-precipitation of selenate (SeO42−) with gypsum (CaSO4·2H2O) in controlled laboratory experiments. Batch testing was used to quantify the ability of CaSO4·2H2O to co-precipitate dissolved SeO42− over a range of dissolved SeO42−-Se concentrations (0–50 mg/L) and under slightly acidic (pH ∼5.5–6.1) and oxic (Eh ∼416−501 mV) conditions. Aqueous samples were analyzed using inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry, solid samples using X-ray diffraction and Raman spectroscopy, and digests of selected CaSO4·2H2O precipitates using inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry. The concentration of Se co-precipitated in CaSO4·2H2O increased linearly with dissolved SeO42−-Se concentration. The aqueous analyses and calculations based on the CaSO4·2H2O digest data show between 14–19 % of the dissolved Se was removed during the co-precipitation experiments. The strong linear relationship between SeO42−-Se added to the test solutions and Se co-precipitated in CaSO4·2H2O can be used to estimate the concentration of co-precipitated SeO42- if the concentration of SeO42- in the associated porewater is known, and vice versa. Results indicate that <1% of SeO42-Se was removed from the test solutions during co-precipitation and the mass of Se in CaSO4·2H2O solids was low, ranging between 0−120 μg/g. These results were used in conjunction with field- and model-derived data to show co-precipitation of SeO42- with CaSO4·2H2O should be a minor SeO42- sequestration mechanism. The findings of this study should be applicable to mined rock dumps in North America and elsewhere.  相似文献   
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