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孔隙溶液浓度及组份改变会影响膨胀土颗粒间作用力,改变微观孔隙结构,从而影响土体的物理力学特性。为此,以宁明膨胀土为研究对象,采用不同浓度NaCl溶液制备泥浆预固结重塑样开展一维压缩试验和压汞试验,研究化学作用对重塑天然膨胀土的压缩性和微观孔隙结构的影响规律。结果表明:随着渗透吸力增加,颗粒间水化能力降低,物理化学力使土颗粒由分散状态转变为集聚体状态,形成了集聚体内孔和集聚体间孔,土体表现出双峰孔隙分布特征。预固结样(压力为20 kPa)的初始孔隙比随渗透吸力增加而减小,进而导致固结屈服应力增加;但是渗透吸力对压缩性影响不大,压缩指数和回弹指数基本不变。此外,利用固结系数计算了土体的渗透系数,随着竖向压力增加渗透系数降低;当竖向压力小于200 kPa时,随着渗透吸力增加,渗透系数先增加后减小,但是竖向压力超过200 kPa后,渗透系数变化不大。分析发现,渗透吸力增加导致大孔隙增加,渗透系数增加,但同时密实度增加会导致渗透系数降低,低竖向压力下渗透性受密实度和微观孔隙结构变化耦合作用控制。 相似文献
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三种猪毛菜种子耐盐性与幼苗干燥存活能力 总被引:3,自引:1,他引:2
在控制条件下研究了三种藜科植物紫翅猪毛菜(Salsola affinisC.A.Mey.)、浆果猪毛菜(Salsola foliosa(L.)Schrad.)和钠猪毛菜(Salsola nitrariaPall.)种子的萌发特性以及萌发后的幼苗在室温中放置14天和30天之后重新放置在原溶液中的存活状况。结果表明:三种猪毛菜种子在无菌水、0.085 mol/L、0.17 mol/L、0.34 mol/L NaCl溶液中萌发的很好,但是在0.51 mol/LNaCl中萌发率很低,三种猪毛菜幼苗在干燥30天重新放置在原溶液中以后仍然具有很高的存活率。上述结果表明:已经萌发了的幼苗在干燥环境中仍然保持存活的能力是盐生植物为了适应极端干旱和盐渍荒漠环境的一个重要的生存策略。 相似文献
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The development of subgrain misorientations with strain in dry synthetic NaCl measured using EBSD 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
The development of subgrain boundary misorientations with strain in dry, synthetic NaCl polycrystals, deformed at elevated temperature, has been investigated using electron backscattered diffraction (EBSD). At low natural strains, up to 0.5, average misorientations of subgrain boundaries increase with strain and a power law relationship exists between strain and average misorientations. The average misorientations are strongly influenced by grain orientation, suggesting that the misorientation–strain relationship may also be texture dependent in materials with high plastic anisotropy, like NaCl. A slight grain size dependency of the average misorientations was observed. The results indicate that with suitable calibration, average subgrain boundary misorientations may offer a method for estimating the strain accommodated by dislocation creep in NaCl and thus perhaps in other geological materials, although current theories for polycrystalline plasticity imply that misorientations may also depend on stress in some situations. 相似文献
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Yousheng Xu Hongsen Xie Jie Guo Haifei Zheng Yueming Zhang Maoshuang Song 《中国科学D辑(英文版)》1997,40(4):398-402
NaCI-H2O is the most fundamental ternary system in geology. Until now, the measurements of electrical conductivity of NaCl solutions
are still little at high pressures (> O.5 GPa) We measured the conductivity of 0.01 m NaCl solution at 0.4–5.0 GPa and 25-500°C.
The results are consistent with that of Quist and Marshall (1968) at 0.4 GPa. The conductivity of NaCl solution increases
with increasing temperature. The results also show that the conductivity of NaCl solution changes little with increasing pressure
below 1.5 GPa and changes rapidly with increasing pressure above 1.5 GPa. The rapid increase of the conductivity of NaCl solution
may play an important role in many geological processes (such as the genesis of ore deposits under hydrothermal condition)
and other fields.
Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China. 相似文献
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Vanadium-bearing stone coal is a new vanadium resource;recovery ofV_2O_5 from the coal has been investigated.It has been found that a satisfactoryextraction of V_2O_5 depends on both the oxidation of V and its reaction with so-dium salt.V in the coal ash of Yushan mainly exists in two oxidation states:98%V(Ⅲ)and2%V(Ⅳ).The distribution of valency of V shows that organicmatter determines V valency at low temperatures,at about470℃,V(Ⅲ)iscompletely oxidized to V(Ⅳ);above500℃,the temperature is the most impor-tant factor for the oxidation of V .At higher temperatures no more V is oxidizedto V(Ⅴ);an equilibrium is established after92%of V is oxidized to V(Ⅴ).The roles of NaCl in the recovery of V_2O_5 from the coal ash were discussed.The best conditions for roasting are temperature750-800℃for1 h.underthe oxidation-chlorination atmosphere.When the ore:NaCl=100:10 by weight,η_roast reaches85.5%.According to the results,a flowsheet for V_2O_5 extrac-tion from coal ash has been proposed. 相似文献
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Hydrothermal Fluid Evolution Associated with Gold Mineralization at the Wenyu Mine, Xiaoqinling District, China 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Neng JIANG 《Resource Geology》2000,50(2):103-112
Abstract: The Wenyu mesothermal gold deposit is located in the Xiaoqinling district about 1000 km southwest of Beijing in central China. It occurs in the Late Archean to Early Proterozoic metamorphosed volcanic and sedimentary rocks. Three distinct stages of veins have been identified: (I) gold‐poor quartz–pyrite veins, (II) gold‐rich sulfide–quartz veins, and (III) gold‐poor carbonate–quartz veins. Stage II can be subdivided into IIa and IIb. Gold typically occurs as fracture‐fillings associated with chalcopyrite and galena. Fluid inclusions were examined in quartz samples from veins of both stage I and II. Three types of fluid inclusions are identified: CO2–H2O, CO2–rich, and aqueous inclusions. The first two types are of primary in origin. The last type occurs in two ways: coexisting with CO2–H2O and CO2–rich inclusions and thus primary in origin; and occurring along late healed fractures and hence secondary in origin. CO2–H2O inclusions display progressively decreasing Th and increasing Thco2, from the highest Th (311–408C) and lowest Thco2 (average 18C) in stage I quartz through middle Th (284–358C) and ThCO2(average 25C) in stage IIa quartz to the lowest Th (275–314C) and highest ThCO2 (average 28C) in stage IIb quartz, indicating an evolving H2O–CO2–NaCl fluid system. CO2–rich and primary aqueous inclusions show consistent ThCO2 or Th with their coexistent CO2–H2O inclusions. Whereas the secondary aqueous inclusions in stage I and IIa quartz have almost the same Th and salinity as the primary aqueous inclusions in stage IIb quartz. Comparing with CO2–H2O inclusions, these non–CO2, low salinity aqueous inclusions may come from different origin, most probably meteoric water. Unlike in both stage I and IIa quartz, fluid inclusions in stage IIb do not show evidence of fluid immiscibility. The fact that most of gold is associated with stage IIa and IIb veins and not with veins of stage I which is the main stage of vein formation suggests that gold deposition occurs at the later stage of fluid immiscibility. The continuing phase separation led to the deposition of large amounts of gold at the Wenyu mine. 相似文献
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为了解冰川微生物生长特点,分析了青藏高原木孜塔格冰川、玉珠峰冰川和扎当冰川可培养细菌在不同温度,及木孜塔格冰川可培养细菌在不同盐度和p H下的生长特性.木孜塔格冰川52%的可培养细菌不耐盐,只能在0%盐度下生长,38%的细菌可以在0%~4%/6%盐度培养基中生长,其余细菌可以在0%~1%/2%的盐度培养基中生长,且62%的细菌具有较广的p H值生长范围(p H 5~9);另外,38%的细菌只能在弱酸性(5%)或者只能在弱碱性(33%)培养基中生长.3个冰川可培养细菌生长温度范围均为0~35℃,木孜塔格冰川最适生长温度≤20℃的细菌占其细菌总数的86%,而玉珠峰冰川和扎当冰川最适生长温度≤20℃的细菌则分别占其细菌总数的69%和53%.不同冰川具有不同最适生长温度的细菌的比例不同,同一冰川不同深度相同属类的细菌有相近的生长温度特征、耐盐度和耐酸碱特征. 相似文献