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1.
Victoria M. Kaspi 《Astrophysics and Space Science》2007,308(1-4):1-11
I review recent observational progress on Anomalous X-ray Pulsars, with an emphasis on timing, variability, and spectra. Highlighted
results include the recent timing and flux stabilization of the notoriously unstable AXP 1E 1048.1–5937, the remarkable glitches
seen in two AXPs, and the newly recognized variety of AXP variability types, including outbursts, bursts, flares, and pulse
profile changes. I also discuss recent discoveries regarding AXP spectra, including their surprising hard X-ray and far-infrared
emission, as well as the pulsed radio emission seen in one source. Much has been learned about these enigmatic objects over
the past few years, with the pace of discoveries remaining steady. However additional work on both observational and theoretical
fronts is needed before we have a comprehensive understanding of AXPs and their place in the zoo of manifestations of young
neutron stars.
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2.
Margaret A. Livingstone Victoria M. Kaspi Fotis P. Gavriil Richard N. Manchester E. V. G. Gotthelf Lucien Kuiper 《Astrophysics and Space Science》2007,308(1-4):317-323
Pulsar braking indices offer insight into the physics that underlies pulsar spin-down. Only five braking indices have been
measured via phase-coherent timing; all measured values are less than 3, the value expected from magnetic dipole radiation.
Here we present new measurements for three of the five pulsar braking indices, obtained with phase-coherent timing for PSRs J1846-0258
(n=2.65±0.01), B1509-58 (n=2.839±0.001) and B0540-69 (n=2.140±0.009). We discuss the implications of these results and possible physical explanations for them.
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3.
八世纪前中国纪时日食观测和地球转速变化 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本文对中国正史记载的八世纪前的３４次纪时日食观测作了分析，指出其中两次日食记载有重复，另一次纪日不确。对３２次日食观测记录的１４个食分和４５个见食时刻作了考查，其中除一次食甚时刻误差较大（约１＾ｈ）外，余皆准确可靠。本文据此对地球自转速率的长期变化趋势作了探讨。 相似文献
4.
Palestinian suicide terrorism has been a key feature in the latest phase of the Israeli–Palestinian conflict. During the past decade, and particularly since September 2000, there has been a substantial increase in the use of this type of warfare. Recent studies suggest that, contrary to common belief, suicide terrorism is highly rational and driven by strategic considerations. This article explores the rationality of Palestinian suicide terrorism from a geographical perspective. It is argued that suicide terrorism works along two parallel paths: rationality and randomness. It complies with geographical fundamentals, and target selection is highly rational, subject to spatial considerations such as distance, agglomeration, and accessibility. As the permeability to Israel became more difficult, suicide bombers and their organizers had to adopt more flexible practices which emphasized other spatial considerations. Timing is of importance both for strategic and tactical reasoning. Obstructing negotiations and peace talks has been a salient objective, but the exact timing of suicide bombings has been influenced by tactical considerations, which aim at maximizing casualties. 相似文献
5.
含油气盆地成藏期分析理论和新方法 总被引：80，自引：2，他引：80
传统的成藏期分析主要从生、储、盖、运、聚、保各项参数有效配置，根据构造演化史、圈闭形成史与烃源岩生排烃史作出推断，常用的 3个方法是根据油源岩的主生油期、圈闭形成期、油藏饱和压力分析油气藏形成期。近10年来成藏期分析是在构造发展史、埋藏史、热演化史、沉积成岩史 4个方面地质历史分析基础上，更多地依靠成藏化石记录的地球化学和岩石学分析结果，获得成藏期定量数据。评述了成藏期定量分析的理论与方法：包括储层成岩作用与烃类流体充注序次、自生矿物同位素地质年代学、流体包裹体、储层磁性矿物古地磁学、生烃期精确分析等，并讨论了它们在叠合盆地成藏年代学分析中实际应用及存在问题。 相似文献
6.
毫秒脉冲星计时观测的研究进展 总被引：8，自引：1，他引：7
对毫秒脉冲星时间测量的理论、方法和技术研究的进展进行了阐述。根据近年来取得的观测研究结果,毫秒脉冲星计时测量误差～2×10－7秒,毫秒脉冲星自转周期稳定性足以和现代原子钟相媲美：其相对频率不稳定度达到1×10－14（1年≤γ≤5．2年）,并可望更高。近年来,脉冲星计时观测系统的接收灵敏度获得很大改进,计时观测的数据采集、处理技术、脉冲到达时间分析模型研究等都有长足发展。通过综合脉冲星时间算法得到的脉冲星时间尺度将比现代原子时具有更高的长期稳定度。叙述了脉冲星的物理特性及有关计时观测系统的技术成果,如观测频率和带宽的选择,消色散和接收系统灵敏度等问题。最后对毫秒脉冲星时间测量的误差源进行了讨论,并对脉冲星时间尺度的应用前景做了展望。 相似文献
7.
From an area of brittle shearing and ring complexes in Northern Kordofan, Sudan 28 K-Ar ages were calculated to determine the geochronology of tectonic and magmatic events. The age results for deformational episodes are 560, 340 and 255 Ma, whereas alkaline magma was intruded at 280, 220 and 165 Ma. The incompatibility of age marks leads to the conclusion that magmatic and tectonic activity in this area have to be regarded as independent events. This holds true even when all dated intrusions from the entire region are compared with post-Pan-African continental tectonic features. 相似文献
8.
中国西南天山山前的晚新生代构造与地震活动 总被引：40，自引：0，他引：40
天山是研究现今陆内造山作用及过程、陆内变形、陆内强震及其预测等大陆动力学问题的理想实验场。西南天山和塔里木之间的新生代褶皱－逆断裂带基本上由一南冲弧形推覆构造系统和一向北反冲的构造系统组成，由北而南主要由以下4个运动学单元组成：（1）新生代复活的喀拉铁热克山－天山南脉古生代造山带，其快速变形和抬升可能起始于23－26Ma前，持续至13－16Ma前。（2）向南逆冲的西南天山前陆薄皮主冲断带，包括木兹杜克弧形薄皮推覆体和依柯冲断带，前者代表了向南薄皮逆掩的天山型岩系，地表主要表现为一系列的飞来峰群，在14Ma前曾有过大规模活动，最小缩短量约为20－35km，最小缩短速率为1．4－2．8mm/a；后者代表了向南叠瓦状薄皮逆冲推覆的前陆古生代基底（塔里木地台型沉积岩系）卷入构造，其西段在距今14Ma时曾有过强烈活动。两者共同组成了一复杂的双重构造；新生代地层也卷入变形。（3）喀什－阿图什弧形反冲褶皱－逆断裂带，由3排向北（天山）反冲的左阶雁列展布的第四纪地表滑脱褶皱组成，仅在大山口以西发育。该构造带形成于距今约1．4Ma以后。依什拉克喀拉乌尔断裂以南，博古孜河剖面的最小缩短速率约为5．8mm/a，翁库尔剖面的最小缩短速率约为8．6mm/a。（4）塔里木克拉通下盘块体，向北西方向缓倾，内部变形较小。里木块体西北存在明显的不均匀性，其学问基底高角度逆断裂和走滑断裂控制了盆地新生代沉积的厚度，导致西南天山前陆冲断带的地形地貌、地层、构造变形样式、变形时间以及变形缩短量沿走向的巨大差异性。迈丹－喀拉铁克断裂和阿图什断裂带均为岩石圈规模断裂，研究区的中强地震主要发生在这两条断裂带以及它们之间的西南天山前陆冲断带上。 相似文献
9.
《Astroparticle Physics》2009,30(6):287-292
The ARGO-YBJ experiment is mainly devoted to search for astronomical gamma sources. The arrival direction of air showers is reconstructed thanks to the times measured by the pixels of the detector. Therefore, the timing calibration of the detector pixels is crucial in order to get the best angular resolution and pointing accuracy. Because of the large number of pixels a hardware timing calibration is practically impossible. Therefore an off-line software calibration has been adopted. Here, the details of the procedure and the results are presented. 相似文献
10.
花岗岩可以视为一种很好的构造标志体,犹如褶皱、断裂一样。从花岗岩浆的形成、融体分离、岩浆上升到岩体定位以及变形改造的全过程都蕴含着丰富的构造动力学信息。研究花岗岩浆上升、迁移和定位可以探讨构造块体抬升及区域构造动力学。岩体生长方式与构造块体的运动学、动力学有密切的关系,极性生长揭示了上、下构造块体或岩石圈之间的相对的近水平方向剪切运移。变形花岗岩体是一种区域尺度的应变标志体,可以进行岩石有限应变测量和流变学参数估算,为分析区域构造变形特征提供应变参数。以对不同期次、不同变形程度花岗岩体为间接标志体,通过锆石定年可以限定变形的时间,特别是有可能确定早期变形的时间。岩体定位深度的系统研究有利于了解构造块体的抬升和深部构造作用。花岗岩构造与花岗岩成因类型特别是其演变研究的结合是判别构造块体动力学背景以及其转换的有效途径。通过这几方面的系统研究和有机结合,可以提供丰富的构造动力学信息,是否可能发展成较系统的花岗岩构造动力学值得探讨。 相似文献