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Fifty-eight extratropical transition (ET) cases in the years 2000-2008, including
2,021 observations (at 6-hour intervals), over the western North Pacific are analyzed using
the cyclone phase space (CPS) method, in an effort to get the characteristics of the structure
evolution and environmental conditions of tropical cyclones (TCs) during ET over this area.
Cluster analysis of the CPS dataset shows that strong TCs are more likely to undergo ET. ET
begins with the increment of thermal asymmetry in TCs, along with the generation and
intensification of an upper-level cold core, and ends with the occurrence of a lower-level
cold core. ET lasts an average duration of about 28 hours. Dynamic composite analysis of the
environmental field of different clusters shows that, in general, when TCs move northward,
they are gradually embedded in the westerlies and gradually transform into extratropical
cyclones under the influence of the mid- and higher-latitude baroclinic systems. As for those
TCs which complete ET, there is always much greater potential vorticity gradient in the
northwest of them and obvious water vapor transport channels in the environment. 相似文献
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The formation of a tropical cyclone is the result of a process in which an initial disturbance evolves into a warm-core low-pressure system; however, the origin of the initial disturbance and the features of the initial fields are overlooked in most existing theories. In this study, based on FY-2C brightness temperature data and the Japan reanalysis dataset, the origin and evolution of the tropical disturbance that became Typhoon Fung-Wong (2008) were examined. The results demonstrated that the initial disturbance emerged within a saddle-type field with large vertical tropospheric wind shear. The vertical wind shear decreased with the adjustment of the upper circulation; moreover, accompanied by convection over the warm section around the upper cold vortex, it provided favorable thermal and dynamic conditions for the development of a tropical vortex. During its development, the zone of associated positive relative vorticity strengthened and descended from the mid-troposphere to lower levels. This rapid strengthening of lower-level vorticity was due to increasing convergence related to the intensification of the pressure gradient southwest of the subtropical high. This indicated that the upper cold vortex and West Pacific subtropical high played very important roles in this case. 相似文献
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西北太平洋热带气旋变性过程结构演变及其环境分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
用气旋相空间方法（Cyclone Phase Space,简称CPS）对58个经历变性过程的西北太平洋热带气旋的2 021个样本（时次间隔为6 h）资料进行分析,得到该区域热带气旋在变性阶段的气旋结构及其环境特征。聚类分析结果显示,强的热带气旋更易发生变性,变性开始于气旋非对称性增加,随之伴有高层冷心出现和加强,最后完成于低层出现冷心,变性维持平均时间约28 h。利用美国国家环境预报中心（NCEP）再分析资料对各聚类环境场的动态合成分析表明,发生变性的热带气旋在北移过程中逐渐嵌入西风带,在中高纬斜压系统影响下变性为温带气旋。对于发生并完成变性的热带气旋,其西北侧始终有明显的位涡梯度存在,而且在环境中有明显的水汽输送通道。 相似文献
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热带气旋的生成是一个由初始扰动转变成为暖心结构低压的过程,但已有的经典理论对初始流场的配置及初始扰动的触发都没有详细的描述。利用FY-2C的TBB资料和日本再分析资料,以2008年8号台风“凤凰”为例,跟踪其流场和涡度场演变,追溯该热带气旋从初始扰动生成到转为有暖心结构的热带低压的过程。分析结果显示,初始扰动在水平风垂直切变较强的鞍形场中触发。随着高层环流调整,水平风垂直切变迅速减弱,高空冷涡外围暖区云系为初始扰动的发展提供了有利动力和热力条件。在其发展为热带低压的过程中,结构上出现正涡度从对流层中层向低层加强并有中心下降的特点,低层涡度的快速增加主要受气压梯度增强导致的辐合增强的影响。由个例分析结果可以看到,高空冷涡和副热带高压对热带初始扰动的生成以及发展和结构演变都起到重要的作用。 相似文献
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