鄂西娄山关组顶部古岩溶不整合面的发现及层序地层学意义     

胡宁  雷卞军  黄照先  张开明 《地质通报》1997,(1)

鄂西娄山关组顶部存在古岩溶不整合面，有众多陆上暴露和溶蚀标志，表明其产生受寒武纪末海平面下降事件的控制。它不仅形成了碳酸盐台地上典型的Ⅱ型层序界面，而且恰与寒武—奥陶纪年代地层界线相重合，体现了层序界面、年代界线和事件界线三位一体的有机结合  相似文献   

热带印度洋海温海盆一致模的变化规律及其对东亚夏季气候影响的回顾   总被引：6，自引：2，他引：4  

黄刚  胡开明  屈侠  陶炜晨  姚帅磊  赵桂洁  姜文萍 《大气科学》2016,40(1):121-130

近十几年,热带印度洋对全球气候的作用越来越受到关注.本文从热带印度洋气候态特征、海温海盆一致模的变化规律以及对东亚夏季气候的影响方面回顾了这些研究工作,并且对这些研究以及存在的不足做了系统的总结.  相似文献   

A multiscale finite element formulation for axisymmetric elastoplasticity with volumetric locking     

Kaiming Xia  Kenn K. Q. Zhang 《国际地质力学数值与分析法杂志》2010,34(10):1076-1100

Similar to plane strain, axisymmetric stress problem is also highly kinematics constrained. Standard displacement‐based finite element exhibits volumetric locking issue in simulating nearly/fully incompressible material or isochoric plasticity under axisymmetric loading conditions, which severely underestimates the deformation and overestimates the bearing capacity for structural/geotechnical engineering problems. The aim of this paper is to apply variational multiscale method to produce a stabilized mixed displacement–pressure formulation, which can effectively alleviate the volumetric locking issue for axisymmetric stress problem. Both nearly incompressible elasticity and isochoric J₂ elastoplasticity are investigated. First‐order 3‐node triangular and 4‐node quadrilateral elements are tested for locking issues. Several representative simulations are provided to demonstrate the performance of the linear elements, which include the convergence study and comparison with closed‐form solutions. A comparative study with pressure Laplacian stabilized formulation is also presented. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

Finite Element Analysis of Crossing Flow in an Intersected Fracture by Penalty Function Formulation     

Chen Mingyou  Tian Kaiming 《《地质学报》英文版》1988,62(2):223-231

On the basis of Navier-Stokes equation, a digital analogue of crossing flow is carried out by means of finiteelement analysis performed through penalty function formulation. The results of the digital analogue are ingood agreement with that of the previous hydraulic physical simulation. They both demonstrate the effect of"deflection flow" occurring at the fracture intersection that the fracture-water crossing flow deflects △q intothe wide fracture.  相似文献   

1980～～2014年中国中东部持续性霾天气的多尺度变化特征     

王素  黄刚  胡开明  王林 《气候与环境研究》2020,25(1):103-112

对1980～2014年中国中东部地区324个台站的持续性霾天气的时空变化和相关气象影响因子进行分析，结果表明:中东部地区年平均持续性霾事件和其在所有霾事件的贡献比例逐年增加，增长率分别为0.79 (10 a)-1和2.7% (10 a)-1。主要表现为3个大值区:华北平原地区（包括山西省、京津冀地区）、长江三角洲和四川盆地东部，增加最显著的区域位于黄淮地区，增长率分别为6.3 (10 a)-1、13.95 d (10 a)-1。1月是持续性霾事件的高发月，月均2.56 d。夏季和秋季持续性霾事件增加最为明显，增长率分别为0.38 (10 a)-1和0.46 (10 a)-1。不利的气象条件，如静风日数的增加，风速和大风日数的减少，以及不利的环流形势，如东亚冬季风的减弱，都可能造成持续性霾天气的增加和异常维持。  相似文献   

Equatorward shift of the South Asian high in response to anthropogenic forcing   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Xia Qu  Gang Huang  Kaiming Hu  Shang-Ping Xie  Yan Du  Xiao-Tong Zheng  Lin Liu 《Theoretical and Applied Climatology》2015,119(1-2):113-122

  相似文献   

Changes in the characteristics of precipitation over northern Eurasia     

Guanhuan Wen  Gang Huang  Kaiming Hu  Xia Qu  Weichen Tao  Hainan Gong 《Theoretical and Applied Climatology》2015,119(3-4):653-665

  相似文献   

河北宽城地区中元古代高于庄组碳酸盐岩碳氧同位素特征   总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6  

罗顺社  汪凯明 《地质学报》2010,84(4):492-499

对河北宽城地区中元古代高于庄组碳酸盐岩的碳氧同位素进行了测定和原始性验证,表明其原始组分保存良好。δ13C、δ18O值分布范围和平均值分别为-5.03‰～0.07‰、-9.92‰～-4.12‰和-0.90‰、-6.58‰,整体上稍低于前人测定的天津蓟县剖面和北京十三陵剖面数据。分析认为:研究区δ13C值主要受有机碳氧化与有机碳的埋藏速率因素影响,有机碳的埋藏速率与蓝绿藻等生物数量关系密切,藻类繁盛的时期一般都具有较高的δ13C值,藻类稀少的时期则具有较低的δ13C值。在浅水潮坪环境中,δ13C值与海平面的变化呈正相关关系;研究区δ18O值则主要受海平面变化影响,与之呈负相关关系;研究区古盐度Z值主要介于120～125之间,相关性分析表明Z值不仅反映氧同位素组成,也反映了碳同位素组成,δ18O和δ13C均与沉积介质的盐度有关,其变化趋势是盐度越大,其δ值越高。  相似文献   

新疆冰川近期变化及其对水资源的影响研究   总被引：18，自引：0，他引：18       下载免费PDF全文

李忠勤  李开明  王林 《第四纪研究》2010,30(1):96-106

新疆的冰川水资源居全国第一,在新疆水资源构成和河川径流调节方面占有重要地位。最近30多年来,随着气温升高,冰川出现了剧烈的消融退缩,冰川融水径流量普遍增加,并对气温的依赖性增强。文章基于最新冰川观测研究资料,阐述新疆冰川的近期变化,分析对水资源的影响。研究表明,所研究的1800条冰川,在过去26～44年间,总面积缩小了11.7％,平均每条冰川缩小0.243km2,末端退缩速率5.8m/a。冰川在不同区域的缩小比率为8.8％～34.2％,单条冰川的平均缩小量为0.092～0.415km²,末端平均后退量为 3.5～10.5m/a。由于新疆各流域中冰川的分布、变化特征,以及融水所占河川径流的比例不同,因此,未来气候变化对新疆各个区域水资源的影响程度和表现形式是不同的。分析表明,在塔里木河流域,冰川水资源具有举足轻重的作用,但是,一旦冰川消融殆尽,对该地区将产生灾难性影响,现今该区冰川消融正盛,估计在今后30～50年,只要保持升温,冰川融水量仍会维持。未来20～40年,天山北麓水系中,1km²左右的小冰川趋于消失,大于5km²冰川消融强烈,因此,以小冰川居多的河流受冰川变化的影响较大。东疆盆地水系中的冰川数量少,并处在加速消融状态,河川径流对冰川的依赖性强,冰川的变化已经对水资源量及年内分配产生影响,水资源已经处在不断恶化之中。对于伊犁河与额尔齐斯河流域,未来冰川变化对水资源的影响在数量上可能有限,但会大大削弱冰川融水径流的调节功能。而气候变化对积雪水资源的影响和可能造成的后果应该予以特别关注。  相似文献   

Cross-season relation of the South China Sea precipitation variability between winter and summer   总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2  

Renguang Wu  Gang Huang  Zhencai Du  Kaiming Hu 《Climate Dynamics》2014,43(1-2):193-207

The present study reveals cross-season connections of rainfall variability in the South China Sea (SCS) region between winter and summer. Rainfall anomalies over northern South China Sea in boreal summer tend to be preceded by the same sign rainfall anomalies over southern South China Sea in boreal winter (denoted as in-phase relation) and succeeded by opposite sign rainfall anomalies over southern South China Sea in the following winter (denoted as out-of-phase relation). Analysis shows that the in-phase relation from winter to summer occurs more often in El Niño/La Niña decaying years and the out-of-phase relation from summer to winter appears more frequently in El Niño/La Niña developing years. In the summer during the El Niño/La Niña decaying years, cold/warm and warm/cold sea surface temperature (SST) anomalies develop in tropical central North Pacific and the North Indian Ocean, respectively, forming an east–west contrast pattern. The in-phase relation is associated with the influence of anomalous heating/cooling over the equatorial central Pacific during the mature phase of El Niño/La Niña events that suppresses/enhances precipitation over southern South China Sea and the impact of the above east–west SST anomaly pattern that reduces/increases precipitation over northern South China Sea during the following summer. The impact of the east–west contrast SST anomaly pattern is confirmed by numerical experiments with specified SST anomalies. In the El Niño/La Niña developing years, regional air-sea interactions induce cold/warm SST anomalies in the equatorial western North Pacific. The out-of-phase relation is associated with a Rossby wave type response to anomalous heating/cooling over the equatorial central Pacific during summer and the combined effect of warm/cold SST anomalies in the equatorial central Pacific and cold/warm SST anomalies in the western North Pacific during the mature phase of El Niño/La Niña events.  相似文献