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Anum Sehar Rukhsanda Aziz Muhammad Tariq Rafiq Muhammad Mazhar Hussain Muhammad Rizwan Adiba Khan Sehrish Muhammad Khalid Rafiq Jalal ud Din Qaiser Hussain Mohammad I. Al-Wabel Shafaqat Ali 《Arabian Journal of Geosciences》2018,11(20):634
Soil contamination with cadmium has become major concern all over the world because of its adverse impacts on ecosystem health and agricultural land. Soil amendment with biochar may have varied effects on physical and chemical properties of soil. The objective of the study was to explore the impact of sugarcane filter-cake biochar on physiological performance and growth of lettuce in an aged soil. Four different doses (0, 1.5%, 3%, and 5%) of biochar were used in the soil and conditioned for 1 month. After this, lettuce seedlings were grown in the soil. The results showed that the biochar treatment improved the fresh and dry biomass of leaves and roots as well as plant height while diminished the bioavailability of cadmium from the soil. As compared to control, biochar significantly enhanced the chlorophyll content in lettuce leaves. Due to the biochar amendment, the oxidative stress decreased in lettuce shoots over the control. As compared to control, concentration of cadmium in lettuce significantly decreased after the application of biochar. It was concluded that biochar could mitigate the toxicity of cadmium in lettuce by altering the biochemical and physiological processes in cadmium contaminated soil. 相似文献
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Md. Mashrur Rahman Uttama Barua Farzana Khatun Ishrat Islam Rezwana Rafiq 《Natural Hazards》2018,93(3):1479-1505
Participation of local people during any disaster is enormous. They possess better knowledge and information about their own community than anyone else from the outside. This study proposes Participatory Vulnerability Reduction (PVR), a community-based approach for disaster management. The concept of PVR was applied to an urban community of Dhaka city (Ward no. 06 of Dhaka North City Corporation) which has been identified by the Comprehensive Disaster Management Programme as one of the most vulnerable areas of the city for earthquake. PVR consists three steps, and in each step, different participatory urban appraisal tools were used. In the first step, the community people assessed the earthquake vulnerability. It was found that some certain parts of the study area are highly vulnerable due to lack of accessibility to the critical facilities, inadequacy of open space, poor construction practice and unsuitable soil condition for building construction. This was followed by analyzing the root causes and effects of these problems. Structural fragility of the buildings, construction of settlements by filling the low-lying areas and development of slums beside taller buildings are the three major causes behind the above vulnerable issues. In the second step, capacity of the community was assessed in terms of resources and their organizational structure. In the final step, local people developed the strategies to overcome the vulnerability and a community-based organizational set up was proposed to coordinate the collective actions. Although developed in local context, application of PVR is not limited for earthquake and it can be replicated for other communities as well. 相似文献
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S. S. Batool S. Hassan Z. Imran K. Rasool M. Ahmad M. A. Rafiq 《International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology》2016,13(6):1497-1504
Two different phases of bismuth silicate nanofibers [Bi2SiO5 and Bi4(SiO4)3] were synthesized using electrospinning technique. BS nanofibers were tested for the photocatalytic degradation of methyl orange and safranin O dyes. Different phases of BS affect the photodegradation efficiency of nanofibers. Impressive enhancement in photocatalytic efficiency and BET surface area of Bi4(SiO4)3 was observed over Bi2SiO5. A speedy reduction in dyes concentration was attributed to the rapid formation of oxygenated radicals by the capture of electrons and holes, generated in the BS nanofiber by UV irradiation. Therefore, the photocatalytic mechanism was elucidated using impedance spectroscopy at room temperature. The lower impedance value of Bi4(SiO4)3 nanofibers had improved high-efficiency charge transfer capability. The cycling efficiency (30 times) and recovery characteristics pointed out that Bi4(SiO4)3 nanofibers photocatalysts had high constancy, resilience, and regeneration ability. 相似文献
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美国俄亥俄州土壤有机碳密度空间分布(英文) 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
Historical database of National Soil Survey Center containing 1424 geo-referenced soil profiles was used in this study for estimating the organic carbon(SOC) for the soils of Ohio,USA.Specific objective of the study was to estimate the spatial distribution of SOC density(C stock per unit area) to 1.0-m depth for soils of Ohio using geographically weighted regression(GWR),and compare the results with that obtained from multiple linear regression(MLR).About 80% of the analytical data were used for calibration and 20% for validation.A total of 20 variables including terrain attributes,climate data,bedrock geology,and land use data were used for mapping the SOC density.Results showed that the GWR provided better estimations with the lowest(3.81 kg m 2) root mean square error(RMSE) than MLR approach.Total estimated SOC pool for soils in Ohio ranged from 727 to 742 Tg.This study demonstrates that,the local spatial statistical technique,the GWR can perform better in capturing the spatial distribution of SOC across the study region as compared to other global spatial statistical techniques such as MLR.Thus,GWR enhances the accuracy for mapping SOC density. 相似文献
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The status of medical facilities and personnel in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, at the end of the fourth five-year plan (1985–1990)
was reviewed and analyzed regarding the standards of services and workload of health personnel for the different regions and
urban/rural areas in the Kingdom. Innovative indices for the quantitative analysis of medical facilities were developed. The
analysis of health facilities in Saudi Arabia shows that the Kingdom enjoys a high standard of medical facilities. However,
there are maldistribution of clinical resources and personnel between regions and between urban/rural areas. Utilization of
these indices for the reallocation of medical facilities and personnel to ensure even distribution of services for all inhabitants
of the Kingdom was illustrated. In addition, indices give a guideline for the future planning and the rate of increase of
these facilities that keeps the standard of medical services in the proper class desired with minimum resources wastage. 相似文献
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Helsen Samuel van Lipzig Nicole P. M. Demuzere Matthias Vanden Broucke Sam Caluwaerts Steven De Cruz Lesley De Troch Rozemien Hamdi Rafiq Termonia Piet Van Schaeybroeck Bert Wouters Hendrik 《Climate Dynamics》2020,54(3):1267-1280
Climate Dynamics - Convection-permitting models (CPMs) have been proven successful in simulating extreme precipitation statistics. However, when such models are used to study climate change,... 相似文献
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A national satelite telecommunication model, which can be started by using Arabsat, was proposed to overcome the self-limiting
geographical barrier and the maldistribution of clinical resources in the Kingdom. A national medical and phrmaceutical survey
performed by the King Saud University showed an overwhelming acceptance of telemedicine (95.2%), telepharmaceutical (97%),
telediagnosis (95.4%), urgent teleconsultation (for urgent operations) (74.5%) and for linking ambulance with hospitals (85.1%),
continuing education via Arabsat (for physicians) (88.9%), medical technical staff (96.5%), pharmacists (75%) and public (91.5%),
commercial marketing computer link for drug product and medical supply (92%) and centralizing Drug and Poison Information
Centre (DPIC) (to provide information on drug interaction) (96%), drug substitution (92.5%) of novel and delivery systems
(90.5%). Implementation of both telemedicine and telepharmaceutical services shall have an implication on improving the competency
of medical staff, better health-care impact on citizen and better utilization of medical resources. 相似文献
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