α液体闪烁法测定天然水中的镭     

Burn.  WC 宁晶 《国外铀金地质》1994,11(3):274-281,286

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生态工程工作中的工程地质学     

科瓦.  WC  宁致远 《国土资源信息化》1997,(12):9-11

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The influence of 70 and 120 kHz tonal signals on the behavior of harbor porpoises (Phocoena phocoena) in a floating pen     

Kastelein RA  Verboom WC  Jennings N  de Haan D  van der Heul S 《Marine environmental research》2008,66(3):319-326

Two harbor porpoises in a floating pen were subjected to five pure tone underwater signals of 70 or 120kHz with different signal durations, amplitudes and duty cycles (% of time sound is produced). Some signals were continuous, others were intermittent (duty cycles varied between 8% and 100%). The effect of each signal was judged by comparing the animals' surfacing locations and number of surfacings (i.e. number of respirations) during test periods with those during baseline periods. In all cases, both porpoises moved away from the sound source, but the effect of the signals on respiration rates was negligible. Pulsed 70kHz signals with a source level (SL) of 137dB had a similar effect as a continuous 70kHz signal with an SL of 148dB (re 1muPa, rms). Also, a pulsed 70kHz signal with an SL of 147dB had a much stronger deterring effect than a continuous 70kHz signal with a similar SL. For pulsed 70kHz signals (2s pulse duration, 4s pulse interval, SL 147dB re 1muPa, rms), the avoidance threshold sound pressure level (SPL), in the context of the present study, was estimated to be around 130dB (re 1muPa, rms) for porpoise 064 and around 124dB (re 1muPa, rms) for porpoise 047. This study shows that ultrasonic pingers (70kHz) can deter harbor porpoises. Such ultrasonic pingers have the advantage that they do not have a "dinner bell" effect on pinnipeds, and probably have no, or less, effect on other marine fauna, which are often sensitive to low frequency sounds.  相似文献   

HRCLDAS-V1.0和ERA5海面风场对比评估分析     

渠鸿宇  黄彬  赵伟  宋佳凝  郭乙莹  胡海川  曹越男 《热带气象学报》2022,38(4):569-579

基于2020年中国近海31个浮标的逐小时数据,使用统计分析方法对中国气象局高分辨率陆面数据同化系统(HRCLDAS-V1.0)和欧洲中期天气预报中心第5代全球大气再分析数据(ERA5)海面风场进行了系统的检验,检验结果表明：两者在我国近海均具有较高的可信度,风速平均绝对误差(MAE)分别为1.16 m/s和1.09 m/s,风向MAE分别为23°和22°。随着风力增大两者的风速准确度均有所降低,当风力等级≥10级时,前者准确度优于后者;对于风向而言,随着风力增大,两者准确度均升高。此外,选取2020年典型的两次冷空气过程和2008号台风“巴威”过程,检验两者在不同天气过程影响下的准确度,两类融合产品均能较好地再现冷空气过程引起的风向变化,而对不同强度的冷空气过程下的风速反映存在差异;对于台风引起的大风,在风速较低时两者风速均具有不错的表现,但HRCLDAS-V1.0对峰值强度的表现优于ERA5。  相似文献   

一次入海气旋在黄渤海造成的海雾过程分析     

柳龙生  黄彬 《高原气象》2022,(6):1460-1470

利用0.25°×0.25°逐小时ERA5再分析数据、中国气象局地面观测资料和卫星遥感监测资料对2020年5月2-4日移入黄海的温带气旋引发大范围的海雾过程进行了分析,结果表明：（1）本次海雾主要发生在入海气旋的西侧和北侧,同时具有平流冷却雾和锋面雾的性质。（2）黄渤海雾发生期间气海温差在0.5～2.5℃,2 m高度露点温度略高于海温。（3）在气旋西侧和北侧都出现了雨转雾的现象,并且从青岛L波段雷达监测温度廓线显示在500 m和1500 m高度上出现“双逆温”。（4）气旋造成的湿空气辐合是本次海雾过程的重要水汽来源,降水的加湿和蒸发冷却效应同样使得近海面大气饱和度快速增长。（5）黄渤海大部海域感热通量和潜热通量均为负值,湍流热通量主要表现为大气向海洋输送,气旋造成的垂直风切变增强了大气机械湍流,使得大气和海洋进行充分的热量交换从而促进海雾在垂直方向发展。  相似文献   

中国近海大风的天气学分型     

吕爱民  杨柳妮  黄彬  木翔翔 《海洋气象学报》2018,(1)

利用2010—2014年地面观测站(包括288个海岛站、380个沿海气象站、28个浮标站、37个船舶站、53个气象观测塔、13个海上平台站、9个沿海风廓线仪等)和高空气象观测站资料,采用天气学分型和统计分析方法,对2010—2014年285次中国近海6级及以上大风天气个例进行了分析,将近海的大风天气过程归纳为冷空气型、温带气旋型和热带气旋型3种类型。其中冷空气型又分为小槽东移型、小槽发展型和横槽转竖型;温带气旋型又分为东海气旋型、黄渤海气旋型和蒙古气旋型。这些分型可为海上大风预报预警提供天气学背景参考依据。  相似文献   

深水含烃珊瑚礁形成的一种新理论     

Davi.  WC 王旭日 《地质科学译丛》1991,8(4):56-57

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A new approach for detecting and mapping sewage impacts   总被引：12，自引：0，他引：12  

Costanzo SD  O'Donohue MJ  Dennison WC  Loneragan NR  Thomas M 《Marine pollution bulletin》2001,42(2):149-156

Increased nitrogen loading has been implicated in eutrophication occurrences worldwide. Much of this loading is attributable to the growing human population along the world's coastlines. A significant component of this nitrogen input is from sewage effluent, and delineation of the distribution and biological impact of sewage-derived nitrogen is becoming increasingly important. Here, we show a technique that identifies the source, extent and fate of biologically available sewage nitrogen in coastal marine ecosystems. This method is based on the uptake of sewage nitrogen by marine plants and subsequent analysis of the sewage signature (elevated delta 15N) in plant tissues. Spatial analysis is used to create maps of delta 15N and establish coefficient of variation estimates of the mapped values. We show elevated delta 15N levels in marine plants near sewage outfalls in Moreton Bay, Australia, a semi-enclosed bay receiving multiple sewage inputs. These maps of sewage nitrogen distribution are being used to direct nutrient reduction strategies in the region and will assist in monitoring the effectiveness of environmental protection measures.  相似文献   

斜坡再调整：海底扇—裙形成的一个新模式     

Ross  WC 刘子忠 《地质科学译丛》1995,12(1):71-74

在提出海底峡谷和海底扇－裙形成的新模式中，可利用盆地充填的数值模拟表示斜坡均衡作用的简单概念。该模式认为，侵蚀削蚀、沉积物跌积（ｂｙ－ｐａｓｓ）和海底扇－裙复合体海相超覆的形成与沉积盆地内自然地理的变化状况相关。盆地边缘可划分为两种类型：（１）进积边缘表示均衡的沉积剖面朝向盆地推进。它形成于沉积物扩散作用和重力流作用与沉积物供给、盆地沉降及盆地自然地理相均衡的背景；（２）当上部坡度超过均衡坡度时形  相似文献   

人为振动,震颤与地震     

Kowa.  WC 刘云生 《物探化探译丛》1998,(6):38-41

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