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A well-pronounced order in the vertical and horizontal arrangement of sediments was observed in the kames ridges occurring within the compass of the Middle Polish (Riss) glaciation on the Lódź Upland in Central Poland. The order was also noticed in the distribution of the kamc sediments and in the directions of dips of layers. Palaeogeographical conclusions could be drawn concerning the mechanism of waning of the dead-ice cover, the directions of outflow of the ablation waters, the relief of surface underlying the glacier and its influence upon the present-day relief. Analysis of the Pleistocene kames brings new elements into the discussion on the course and extension of postglacial, mainly periglacial, denudation of the kamc landscape. 相似文献
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ZBIGNIEW PASŁAWSKI 《水文科学杂志》2013,58(3):295-301
ABSTRACT The occurrence of cyclic fluctuations and trends in water levels has been tested by examining a long-term series of mean annual water levels in 11 outflow lakes, mostly groove lakes, located in Northern Poland between 14° E and 23° E and situated at different altitudes up to 120 m above sea level. Analysis of the occurrence of cyclic fluctuations of water levels has been carried out by means of mass curves. The regression method together with the moving average method applied to 10-year values of mean annual water levels were used to establish the trend in water levels. On the basis of the research completed, it has been stated that long-term fluctuations of mean annual water levels of the lakes under investigation, in spite of the absence of a distinct periodicity, are characterized by a cycle with a 23-year period. The studies of the trends of mean annual water levels revealed a negative tendency ranging from—0·059 to—0·402 cm per annum. 相似文献
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Abstract The flood that occurred in summer 1997 in Poland, affecting the drainage basins of the Odra and the Vistula, caused 54 fatalities and material losses of the order of billions of US$. The flood struck a large part of the country and caused inundation of 665 000 ha of land. The number of evacuees was 162 thousand. The rhetoric commonly used in Poland refers to the Great Flood of 1997 as an event whose scale exceeded all imagination about the possible size of the disaster. Indeed, historic maxima of river stage and flow rate were considerably exceeded. From the hydrological point of view, this flood was a very rare event, with a return period in some river cross-sections of the order of a thousand years and more. As this natural disaster, striking a dynamically developing country-in-transition, attracted much international interest, a holistic view of it is presented. Attempts to answer the questions: “Could the disaster have been avoided?” and “What lessons can be learnt from the flood?” are also made. 相似文献
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ZBIGNIEW W. KUNDZEWICZ 《水文科学杂志》2013,58(5):799-804
Abstract There has been no ubiquitously and unanimously accepted definition of the term ecohydrology (hydro-ecology). The present contribution aims to stir discussion, which may lead to getting closer to a consensus on the interpretation of the notion. A robust finding, holding across a range of existing definitions, is that the dynamically developing area of ecohydrology holds potential to be a very important tool serving sustainable development and management of water resources. 相似文献
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By KRISTIN RYPDAL NATHAN RIVE TERJE K. BERNTSEN ZBIGNIEW KLIMONT TORBEN K. MIDEKSA GUNNAR MYHRE RAGNHILD B. SKEIE 《Tellus. Series B, Chemical and physical meteorology》2009,61(4):625-641
Abatement of particulate matter has traditionally been driven by health concerns rather than its role in global warming. Here we assess future abatement strategies in terms of how much they reduce the climate impact of black carbon (BC) and organic carbon (OC) from contained combustion. We develop global scenarios which take into account regional differences in climate impact, costs of abatement and ability to pay, as well as both the direct and indirect (snow-albedo) climate impact of BC and OC. To represent the climate impact, we estimate consistent region-specific values of direct and indirect global warming potential (GWP) and global temperature potential (GTP). The indirect GWP has been estimated using a physical approach and includes the effect of change in albedo from BC deposited on snow. The indirect GWP is highest in the Middle East followed by Russia, Europe and North America, while the total GWP is highest in the Middle East, Africa and South Asia. We conclude that prioritizing emission reductions in Asia represents the most cost-efficient global abatement strategy for BC because Asia is (1) responsible for a large share of total emissions, (2) has lower abatement costs compared to Europe and North America and (3) has large health cobenefits from reduced PM10 emissions. 相似文献
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Stratigraphy of eolian deposits in Wolin Island and the surrounding area, North-West Poland 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
RYSZARD K. BORÓWKA PRZEMYSLAW GONERA RZEJ KOSTRZEWSKI BOLESAW NOWACZYK ZBIGNIEW ZWOLI&#;SKI 《Boreas: An International Journal of Quaternary Research》1986,15(4):301-309
Dunes and eolian cover sands play an important role in the morphology of Wolin Island and the surrounding area. From radiocarbon dates, palynological data, archaeological evidence and the study of Swedish maps from 1694, it can be inferred that the above forms accumulated in the Late Vistulian (Older Dryas and Younger Dryas) and Holocene periods, mostly in the Subboreal and Sub-Atlantic periods. The development of eolian processes was due to climatic conditions during the Late Vistulian as well as the Holocene human involvement in the environment of dune-covered areas and the absence of a vegetation cover on sand spits emerging successively from the sea. 相似文献
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InSAR技术在矿区沉降监测中的应用研究 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
介绍了应用InSAR技术监测矿区地表沉降以及地下开采活动的原理;利用重轨差分InSAR技术获得了峰峰矿区地表ENVISAT和JERS 1的雷达形变干涉相位图;分析了在矿区地表沉降过程中ENVISATC波段和JERS 1 L波段形变干涉相位图的相干特性、相位特性以及干涉测量技术在矿区地表沉降监测中应用的可行性和局限性。实验结果表明,利用C波段和L波段雷达数据可以实施对矿区地表沉降的监测,但是C波段雷达受到空间干涉基线的限制更加严格,如果要实现对矿区地表沉降的监测,需要充分利用每个卫星回访时期的雷达数据,建立长时序的星载雷达形变干涉相位图序列,才能较好地实现矿区地表沉降监测。 相似文献