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Carlos M. Alonso-Hernández Fabio Conte Cristina Misic Mattia Barsanti Miguel Gómez-Batista Misael Díaz-Asencio Anabella Covazzi-Harriague Federica G. Pannacciulli 《Continental Shelf Research》2011,31(7-8):749-757
The main environmental features of the Gulf of Batabanó, Cuba, Caribbean, were investigated through the analyses of surface sediments collected at 23 sites. In order to highlight the potential threats affecting the sedimentary compartment of this area, samples were analysed for: granulometry, mineralogy, heavy metals concentration (As, Cd, Cu, Mn, Ni, Pb, Zn), organic carbon, total nitrogen and radionuclides. Findings were compared with published data and “grey” literature.Results showed: granulometric homogeneity and a widespread carbonatic condition all over the gulf, probably due to stable bathymetry and lack of terrigenous input (except for the La Coloma basin); a rather pristine environment for what concerns heavy metals pollution, except for La Coloma where a large arsenic input was recorded; very low levels of natural and artificial radioactivity; a relevant quantity of sedimentary organic matter, providing biota with useful substrate for feeding and enhancing the food-web development while indirectly supplying lobster fisheries. Combined data highlighted the impact of the Dique Sur in reducing terrigenous input in the coastal area.Future studies should focus on dating of sediment cores for identifying and quantifying the changes acting in the gulf and on investigating the origins of the large arsenic input to La Coloma. 相似文献
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A survey of a Ligurian tourist harbour was carried out during winter 2006 and summer 2007 in order to study the organic matter (OM) turnover through extracellular enzymatic activity. Seawater and sediments were sampled at six stations, three inside the port boundaries, one outside the port and two in an area influenced by the outflow of a minor river (Boate). The seawater showed OM turnover times similar to other oligo-mesotrophic coastal areas, and low concentrations of chlorophyll-a and inorganic nutrients. The sediments, instead, revealed high OM loads and a predominance of proteolysis. A significant reduction of the OM loads was observed in the outside station, indicating that the OM accumulation was due to the structures and activities of the harbour and to the Boate influence. The OM biotic recycling via enzymatic activity was enhanced especially during summer. Although the carbohydrates were probably highly refractory, their turnover was notably faster, due to glycolytic enzymatic activity that was enhanced more than the proteolytic in both the sediment and in the seawater. This suggested that the removal and recycling of OM were potentially efficient, and prevented the shift to eutrophication of the Rapallo harbour area. 相似文献
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Organic matter (OM) features, degradation and remineralisation were studied in the seawater of a natural coastal site (Marine Protected Area of Portofino) and at an urbanised coastal site (Quarto, Genoa city) of the Ligurian Sea. The accumulation of low trophic value OM and the persistence of phytoplanktonic biomass throughout the year were observed only at the urbanised site. Efficient OM degradation and remineralisation via high-activity (two times higher than at the Portofino site) hydrolytic enzymatic activities (alkaline phosphatase and leucine aminopeptidase) were recorded. This active degradation indicated a generally good resistance of the Quarto system to environmental pressures (coastal inputs and anthropogenic influence). However, the high potential release of recycled inorganic nutrients and the favourable environmental conditions (i.e. higher seawater temperature at the Quarto site and allochthonous inputs), could encourage unpredictable development of the autotrophic fraction, including an already observed dystrophic blooming of toxic microalgae. 相似文献
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Seawater and sediment were collected on a monthly basis from a shallow (10.5 m depth) coastal site in the Ligurian Sea (NW Mediterranean) from November 1993 to December 1994 to determine the main environmental forces that influenced the biogeochemical processes and to study the relationships between the availability and lability of the organic matter (OM) and hydrolytic enzymatic activity. The current direction throughout the sampling year was influenced by the climatic conditions, which showed significant correlations with north atlantic oscillation (NAO) index values. The current generally flowed northwards in spring. This could cause significantly lower transparency values than in the summer, when an eastward current probably reduced the allochthonous input of material from the main local watercourse and contributed to turning the conditions from mesotrophic to oligotrophic. Spring and summer were separated by transitional periods more than by the canonical autumn and winter seasons. These transitions were characterised by a reduction in salinity values and by resuspension caused by water column mixing and a current flowing towards the southwest. The significant inverse correlations of the chlorophyll-a and protein concentrations, bacterial abundance and proteolysis of the bottom seawater and transparency showed the direct influence of resuspension on the organic matter dynamics. Moreover, OM trophic quality influenced the bacterial parameters and the enzymatic activities. The glycolytic β glucosidase and chitinase activities and their bacterial cell-specific hydrolytic rates were higher when substrates such as hydrolysable proteins were available, while they decreased when refractory compounds were abundant. The low leucine aminopeptidase: β glucosidase ratio values observed in the water column were presumably related to the potential ease with which microbes obtained protein-derived materials and energy, the protein hydrolysable fraction being estimated at ca. 90%. The significant correlations of protein with the chlorophyll-a concentrations suggested an autotrophic-derived origin, although the higher chlorophyll-a values corresponded to lower hydrolysable protein concentrations and an increase in the autotrophic biomass at the surface was correlated with a reduction in the proteolytic affinity for substrates, suggesting that a recent origin did not necessarily mean higher trophic availability. 相似文献
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Anabella Medina Machín Javier Marcello Antonio I. Hernández-Cordero Javier Martín Abasolo Francisco Eugenio 《地理信息系统科学与遥感》2019,56(2):210-232
Vegetation mapping is a priority when managing natural protected areas. In this context, very high resolution satellite remote sensing data can be fundamental in providing accurate vegetation cartography at species level. In this work, a complete processing methodology has been developed and validated in a complex vulnerable coastal-dune ecosystem. Specifically, the analysis has been carried out using WorldView-2 imagery, which offers spatial and spectral resolutions. A thorough assessment of 5 atmospheric correction models has been performed using real reflectance measures from a field radiometry campaign. To select the classification methodology, different strategies have been evaluated, including additional spectral (23 vegetation indices) and spatial (4 texture parameters) information to the multispectral bands. Likewise, the application of linear unmixing techniques has been tested and abundance maps of each plant species have been generated using the library of spectral signatures recorded during the campaign. After the analysis conducted, a new methodology has been proposed based on the use of the 6S atmospheric model and the Support Vector Machine classification algorithm applied to a combination of different spectral and spatial input data. Specifically, an overall accuracy of 88,03% was achieved combining the corrected multispectral bands plus a vegetation index (MSAVI2) and texture information (variance of the first principal component). Furthermore, the methodology has been validated by photointerpretation and 3 plant species achieve significant accuracy: Tamarix canariensis (94,9%), Juncus acutus (85,7%) and Launaea arborescens (62,4%). Finally, the classified procedure comparing maps for different seasons has also shown robustness to changes in the phenological state of the vegetation. 相似文献
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