Aerosol particle chemical characteristics measured from aircraft in the lower troposphere during ACE‐2     

Martina Schmeling  Lynn M. Russell  Carynelisa Erlick  Donald R. Collins  Haflidi Jonsson  Qing Wang  Peter Kregsamer  Christina Streli 《Tellus. Series B, Chemical and physical meteorology》2000,52(2):185-200

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Indication for circular organization of column sprite elements associated with Eastern Mediterranean winter thunderstorms     

Elyakom Vadislavsky  Yoav Yair  Carynelisa Erlick  Colin Price  Eran Greenberg  Roy Yaniv  Baruch Ziv  Nàama Reicher  Adam Devir 《Journal of Atmospheric and Solar》2009,71(17-18):1835-1839

We report synchronized optical observations of sprites in Israel during the winters of 2006/7–2007/8. Based on several events, we suggest that the elements of columniform sprites are organized in spaced intervals on the circumference of a circle centered directly above, or a little offset, to the vertical direction from the parent lightning. In 2D images most of the cases show columns to be arranged in highly eccentric elliptical forms or in straight rows. The analysis of the optical images provided the geometrical dimensions of the columns and their spatial organization. We used an electrostatic model of the QE field with reasonable assumptions on the location and magnitude of the cloud charge center, constrained by ELF evaluation of the Charge Moment Change in the parent flash, to show that the observed diameter of the columnar arrangement closely matches the conventional breakdown field line contour at the same altitude.  相似文献