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Industrial sites are key factors in urban and regional land use planning. Therefore, determining the location of industrial areas is a critical and complex process for development and success. Industrial site selection aims in identifying the most suitable sites for industry creation, considering a set of influential criteria. Therefore, site selection generally and industrial site selection specifically can be categorised as a multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) problem that requires detailed evaluation of various dimensions. This study developed a set of clusters containing 10 selection criteria for industrial site selection in Isfahan metropolitan area, Iran. The relationships between the criteria and clusters were modelled and analysed using analytical hierarchy process (AHP) and analytical network process (ANP). AHP and ANP agree in finding distance to water bodies and distance to other industries as the most and least important selection criteria. Four patches have been identified as suitable alternatives for industrial construction. While AHP found Borkhar Patch 1 as the most appropriate alternative, ANP demonstrated the superiority of Ardestan Patch over others. Conducting a sensitivity analysis for the models confirmed both models robustness in industrial site selection decisions. 相似文献
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Sayed Zia Mohammadi Daryoush Afzali Mohammad Ali Taher Hedayat Darijani 《洁净——土壤、空气、水》2010,38(2):140-145
In the present article, a procedure for the simultaneous separation and preconcentration of trace amounts of cadmium and zinc is proposed. It is based on the adsorption of cadmium and zinc ions onto a column of Amberlite XAD‐4 resin loaded with aluminon reagent. Cadmium and zinc ions are quantitatively retained on the column in the pH range from 6.5–7.5, at a flow rate of 2 mL min–1. The cadmium and zinc ions are eluted with 5.0 mL of 5 mol L–1 HNO3 solution. Cadmium and zinc are measured by flame atomic absorption spectrometry (FAAS). In the present case, 0.1 μg of cadmium and 0.5 μg of zinc can be concentrated in the column from 1000 mL of aqueous sample, where their concentrations are as low as 0.1 and 0.5 ng mL–1, respectively. The relative standard deviations, for seven replicated determinations of 1.0 μg mL–1 of cadmium and zinc, are 1.2 and 1.1%, respectively. The detection limits for cadmium and zinc in the original solution are 0.02 and 0.11 ng mL–1, respectively. The interference of a large number of anions and cations has been studied and the optimized conditions are utilized for the determination of trace amounts of cadmium and zinc in different environmental and standard samples. 相似文献
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This technical note presents an analytical expression for the total passive pressure on a retaining wall from the c–? soil backfill subjected to both horizontal and vertical seismic inertial forces. The developed expression has been analysed for the special cases, and the results have been found identical to those proposed by earlier researchers on the subject. A numerical example, presented to illustrate the steps for the calculation of total dynamic passive pressure using the developed general expression, shows that the design value of total dynamic passive pressure as a resistance to the retaining wall movement should be obtained with upward vertical seismic inertial force in combination with the direction of horizontal seismic force towards the backfill. 相似文献
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Chameleon scalar field is a new model, which introduced to provide a mechanism for exhibiting accelerating universe. Chameleon
field has several interesting aspects, such as field dependence on the local matter density. For this model we introduce a
new kind of potential which has run away form and satisfies chameleon constraints. The results are acceptable in comparison
with the other potentials which studied up to now. 相似文献
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Afghanistan straddles the Gondwana-Eurasia boundary. Most of its major structural areas comprise large plutonic belts. Based on some 700 major element analyses, the typology of the eleven main plutonic belts has been determined. These belts differ from each other. On the whole, they display a very broad range of petrographic types (from nepheline-syenites and gabbros to leucocratic muscovite-tourmaline granites) and a wide diversity of magmatic associations (from cafemic or alumino-cafemic associations of various types: tholeiitic, calc-alkaline, subalkaline i.e. monzonitic, alkaline, peralkaline, to various aluminous ones). Taking into account the typology of the belts and chronological data, four major intrusive stages have been recognized and related to the geodynamic evolution of Afghanistan (and Central Asia): (1) aluminous Lower Palaeozoic (ca. 500 Ma) stage, related to linear crustal thinning at the Gondwana scale; (2) cafemic and alumino-cafemic Triassic (ca. 230 Ma) stage, related to southward-dipping subduction of oceanic crust beneath an island arc involving a large continental strip detached from the southern Asia margin; (3) cafemic and alumino-cafemic Cretaceous (ca. 100 Ma) stage, dominantly related to subduction of oceanic crust under marginal Gondwana fragments; (4) Eocene-Oligocene stage (ca. 35 Ma), induced by the India-Eurasia collision, including two quite different groups of intrusives: (a) a cafemic and alumino-cafemic group, related to extensional phenomena dominantly associated with the westward extrusion of Central Afghanistan along the Herat fault; these phenomena occurred on both sides of the Gondwana-Palaeozoic Asia boundary; (b) an aluminous group, resulting from crustal thickening in marginal Gondwana fragments.
Publication of the C.R.P.G., contribution n 665. 相似文献
Zusammenfassung Afghanistan liegt beiderseits der Grenze zwischen Gondwana und Eurasien. Die meisten seiner gro\en Strukturgebiete sind mit bedeutenden Plutongürteln verbunden. Die Typologie der elf wichtigsten Plutongürtel ist mit Hilfe von etwa 700 chemischen Analysen vorgelegt. Diese Gürtel unterscheiden sich voneinander. Sie sind insgesamt mit einer gro\en Varietät petrographischer Typen (von Nephelin-Syeniten und Gabbros bis zu Muskovit- und Turmalin-Leukograniten) und magmatischer Assoziationen (von cafemischen oder alumocafemischen Assoziationen verschiedener Natur: tholeiitische, kalkalkalische, subalkalische i.e. monzonitische, alkalische, peralkalische, bis alumische Assoziationen) gebildet. Von der so definierten Typologie sowie von chronologischen Angaben aus wurden vier Phasen von plutonischen Intrusionen klargestellt, die mit der geodynamischen Entwicklung von Afghanistan und Zentral-Asien verbunden sind: (1) Frühpaläozoische alumische Phase (ca. 500 MA), mit linearen Krustenverdünnungen von Gondwana verbunden; (2) Triadische cafemische und alumo-cafemische Phase (ca. 230 MA), einer südlich unter Inselbogen ozeanischen Subduktion verbunden, die einen von dem Asiensüdrand getrennten breiten Kontinentstreifen einschlie\t; (3) cafemische und alumocafemische Kreidephase (ca. 100 MA), hauptsächlich an der unter des Gondwana Randpartien ozeanische Subduktionen gebunden; (4) eine Eozän-Oligozänphase (ca. 35 MA), die-durch die Indien-Eurasien Kollision eingeleitet-zwei ganz verschiedene Plutongruppen einschlie\t: (a) eine cafemische und alumo-cafemische Gruppe, die an Entspannungen beschränkt ist; diese sind meistens der nach Westen und der Heratspaltung entlang Zentral-Afghanistans Extrusion gebunden; sie sind beiderseits der Gondwana-Paläozoischasien Grenze lokalisiert, (b) eine alumische Gruppe, die aus einer Krustenverdickung von mehreren Gondwana Randteilen erfolgt.
Résumé L'Afghanistan s'étend de part et d'autre de la limite Gondwana-Eurasie. La plupart de ses grands domaines structuraux sont associés à d'importantes ceintures plutoniques. Sur la base de quelque 700 analyses chimiques (éléments majeurs), la typologie des onze principales ceintures plutoniques a été établie. Ces ceintures diffèrent les unes des autres. Globalement, elles montrent une très grande diversité de types pétrographiques (depuis des syénites néphéliniques et des gabbros jusqu'à des leucogranites à muscovite — tourmaline) et d'associations magmatiques (depuis des associations cafémiques ou alumino-cafémiques de nature variée: tholéiitique, calcoalcaline, subalcaline i.e. monzonitique, alcaline, peralcaline, jusqu'à divers types d'associations alumineuses). Partant notamment de la typologie ainsi définie et de données chronologiques, quatre principaux épisodes plutoniques ont été mis en évidence et reliés à l'évolution géodynamique de l'Afghanistan (et de l'Asie Centrale): (1) épisode alumineux d'âge PaléozoÏque inférieur (ca. 500 Ma), lié à des amincissements crustaux linéaires à l'échelle du Gondwana; (2) épisode cafémique et alumino-cafémique d'âge Triasique (ca. 230 Ma), lié à une subduction, vers le Sud, de croûte océanique sous un arc insulaire impliquant une large bande continentale détachée de la marge asiatique méridionale; (3) épisode cafémique et alumino-cafémique d'âge Crétacé (ca. 100 Ma), principalement lié à des subductions de croûtes océaniques sous divers fragments marginaux du Gondwana; (4) épisode Eocène-Oligocène (ca. 35 Ma), induitpar la collision Inde-Eurasie et comprenant deux groupes plutoniques tout à fait différents: (a) un groupe cafémique et alumino-cafémique, lié à des phénomènes distensifs principalement associés à l'extrusion vers l'Ouest, le long de la faille de Hérat, de l'Afghanistan Central; ces phénomènes sont intervenus de part et d'autre de la limite Gondwana-Asie paléozoÏque; (b) un groupe alumineux, résultant d'épaississements crustaux dans divers fragments marginaux du Gondwana.
. . 700 11 . , ( - ) ( , : , , , . . , , ). , , . 1. — 500 -, ; 2. — 230 -, ; 3. 100 -, . . , 4. — 35 -, - : ) , , Herat; , ) , , .
Publication of the C.R.P.G., contribution n 665. 相似文献
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