贝加尔裂谷系及邻区断裂现今活动变化及成因(英文)     

S.I. Sherman　E.A.Gorbunova 《地学前缘》2008,15(3):337-347

已有的地质和地球物理方法无法对年、月、旬等现今时间尺度上的断层活动变化进行有效预测。运用基于地震活动定量指数运算程序的地理信息技术可以解决这个问题。这种方法被应用于贝加尔裂谷系(BRS)及邻区的研究当中。研究发现,断层活动变化发生在以几年为周期的时间尺度上,这无法用区域应力场的变化进行合理解释。沿着穿越贝加尔裂谷系的剖面编制了活动断层图以及地震活动定量指数曲线。提出的这种方法可以根据地震活动定量指数对活动断层进行仔细的分类,从而为解决地震中期预报相关问题开辟了重要途径。这种方法还被用来研究断层现今活动的时空变化和形成机制。研究发现,在实时尺度上断层活动具有高频发生的特征,这种现象可能是由于脆性岩石圈板内和块体内部运动产生的慢变形波的干扰导致的。利用变形波的通过速度可以对活动断层进行分组,各组具有不同的地质和地球物理特征参数,同时还可以对变形波波前的方向以及某一区域内主要断层在实时间隔内(地质上的瞬间)的活动情况进行预测。  相似文献   

Mudstone lithogeochemistry and formation conditions of Vendian deposits in the Shkapovo-Shikhan Basin     

A. V. Maslov  M. V. Isherskaya  Yu. L. Ronkin  M. T. Krupenin  N. P. Gorbunova  T. Ya. Gulyaeva  O. P. Lepikhina  O. Yu. Popova  G. M. Yatluk 《Lithology and Mineral Resources》2006,41(3):250-270

Variation of geochemical modules and indices in mudstones from the Upper Vendian Kairovo and Shkapovo groups of the Shkapovo-Shikhan Basin provides the comprehensive information on changes in maturity of the fine aluminosiliciclastic material delivered in the basin, characterizes the redox environment in bottom water, and makes it possible to reconstruct the rock composition in provenance and its evolution through time. The generally moderate maturity of the fine terrigenous clastic material suggests that a nearly semiarid-semihumid climate dominated in paleodrainage area throughout the Late Vendian. It has been established that reducing environment did not exist in bottom water of the central Shkapovo-Shikhan Basin throughout the Late Vendian. Intermediate rocks prevailed in the paleodrainage area. More silicic rocks could occur only in the early Staropetrovo and late Salikhovo times. Data points of mudstones from the Kairovo and Shkapovo Groups plotted on the Cr-Ni, Co-V, Co/Hf-Ce/Cr, La-Th, and La/Sm-Sc/Th diagrams indicate that both Archean and more mature Paleoproterozoic crustal blocks existed in different proportions in the Late Vendian within source areas.  相似文献   

Technogenic-tectonic earthquakes of the Dnieper–Donets aulacogen     

V. V. Adushkin  I. A. Sanina  I. P. Gabsatarova  G. N. Ivanchenko  E. M. Gorbunova 《Doklady Earth Sciences》2016,469(2):828-831

The Mikhnevo Seismic Group of the Institute of Geosphere Dynamics, Russian Academy of Sciences (IGD RAS), and the Malin mini-group in the region of the Dnieper–Donets aulacogen, within which prospecting and mountain-explosion works were carried out from 2007 to 2015 on industrial scales, recorded a series of seismic events. Special attention has been focused on analysis of the nature of three earthquakes in 2015. Application of the spectral discrimination method log(Pg/Lg) and cross-correlation tools allowed us to identify the seismic events in 2015 as a special technogenic-tectonic type.  相似文献   

Comparative Analysis of the Propagation Conditions of Millimeter Radio Waves at Radio Astronomy Polygons in Russia and Uzbekistan     

Bubukin  I. T.  Rakut  I. V.  Agafonov  M. I.  Yablokov  A. A.  Pankratov  A. L.  Gorbunova  T. Yu.  Gorbunov  R. V. 《Astronomy Reports》2021,65(7):598-614

Astronomy Reports - The feasibility of expanding the evaluation parameters was discussed when selecting the “Karadag” test site for the installation of millimeter-wave antennas based on...  相似文献   

Evaluation ofCitrullus colocynthis, a desert plant native in Israel, as a potential source of edible oil     

Dan Schafferman  Alex Beharav  Ella Shabelsky  Zohara Yaniv 《Journal of Arid Environments》1998,40(4):431-439

Citrulus colocynthis(wild gourd) is a desert plant of the Cucurbitaceae, naturally adapted to arid environments. It was known in biblical times as a source of seed oil and its fruits were used as an efficient laxative. Accessions were collected in Israel and evaluated as a potential oil seed crop adapted to arid zones. It was found that its oil composition is similar to safflower oil, with a total of 80-85% unsaturated fatty acids. A potential yield of oil of 250-400 l ha⁻¹was calculated. The best yield was obtained during the first 4 weeks of the 10-week maturation period. Yield potential should be estimated under desert conditions in order to evaluate the plant's economic future as a crop suitable for an arid environment.  相似文献   

Vulnerability and its discontents: the past,present, and future of climate change vulnerability research     

James D. Ford  Tristan Pearce  Graham McDowell  Lea Berrang-Ford  Jesse S. Sayles  Ella Belfer 《Climatic change》2018,149(2):189-204

The agri-food sector must adapt to changes in climate variability, while also helping to mitigate climate change. Measures termed ‘triple-win’ mitigate and adapt to climate change, while also improving soil health, thereby increasing yields. These measures might appear to be the easiest to implement, but in practice, barriers prevent full realisation. This study aims to move beyond previous research efforts that identify and categorise barriers by (i) revealing hidden barriers, (ii) understanding the interactions between barriers and (iii) exploring ways to address barriers. A case study focusing on crop rotation as a triple-win strategy in Ukraine demonstrates how a participant-driven iterative research approach can achieve these objectives. During semi-structured interviews with farmers and stakeholders, crop rotation emerged as an area of considerable dissensus with stakeholders commonly citing the greedy behaviour of producers as the problem. Further discussion indicated that the political economy of Ukraine caused financial constraints for producers and Q methodology allowed for additional clarity on the opposing views of crop rotation. Three factors emerged: producer insecurity, national insecurity and business insecurity. These three perspectives reveal contrasting priorities with producer insecurity and business insecurity concerned with the conditions under which producers must operate, while national insecurity has a focus on improving agricultural production to benefit the nation. Consensus statements across all factors could provide first steps to addressing barriers and an opportunity to open discussions amongst stakeholders. Finally, barriers arising from political processes demonstrate that climate policy needs to be integrated with other sector-specific policy decisions.  相似文献   

Study of neotectonic activity of morphostructures in the central part of the east european craton by remote sensing methods     

V. V. Adushkin  I. A. Sanina  I. S. Vladimirova  Yu. V. Gabsatarov  E. M. Gorbunova  G. N. Ivanchenko 《Izvestiya Physics of the Solid Earth》2014,50(2):169-176

The combined approach is used for studying recent tectonic activity in the central part of the East European Craton (EEC).This approach incorporates the methods of automated lineament analysis and satellite geodesy with the conventional geological mapping analysis. The space tectonic map (space image based) is reconstructed, and morphostructures that are active at the recent and present tectonic stage are delineated by processing the Landsat image mosaic. The direction and rate of horizontal displacement of crustal blocks, which is caused by deep geodynamical processes, are determined using the GPS data. The study is preliminary since only few GPS stations within the EEC have sufficiently long time series of observations.  相似文献   

Hydrologic response of underground reservoirs to seismic vibrations     

G. G. Kocharyan  E. A. Vinogradov  E. M. Gorbunova  V. K. Markov  D. V. Markov  L. M. Pernik 《Izvestiya Physics of the Solid Earth》2011,47(12):1071-1082

The response of the water level in wells to seismic impacts from remote earthquakes and explosions are analyzed. It is shown that in most cases the magnitude of the postseismic change in the water level scales as a square root of the amplitude of the deformation wave. The intensity of persistent changes averages a dynamical deformation of 1–5 cm/μstrain. Noticeable deviations from the mentioned range are possible, depending on the particular structural features of the layer.  相似文献   

Paragenesis of unusual Fe-cordierite (sekaninaite)-bearing paralava and clinker from the Kuznetsk coal basin,Siberia, Russia     

Rodney Grapes  Sophia Korzhova  Ella Sokol  Yurii Seryotkin 《Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology》2011,162(2):253-273

Sekaninaite (X_Fe > 0.5)-bearing paralava and clinker are the products of ancient combustion metamorphism in the western part of the Kuznetsk coal basin, Siberia. The combustion metamorphic rocks typically occur as clinker beds and breccias consisting of vitrified sandstone–siltstone clinker fragments cemented by paralava, resulting from hanging-wall collapse above burning coal seams and quenching. Sekaninaite–Fe-cordierite (X_Fe = 95–45) is associated with tridymite, fayalite, magnetite, ± clinoferrosilite and ±mullite in paralava and with tridymite and mullite in clinker. Unmelted grains of detrital quartz occur in both rocks (<3 vol% in paralavas and up to 30 vol% in some clinkers). Compositionally variable siliceous, K-rich peraluminous glass is <30% in paralavas and up to 85% in clinkers. The paralavas resulted from extensive fusion of sandstone–siltstone (clinker), and sideritic/Fe-hydroxide material contained within them, with the proportion of clastic sediments ≫ ferruginous component. Calculated dry liquidus temperatures of the paralavas are 1,120–1,050°C and 920–1,050°C for clinkers, with calculated viscosities at liquidus temperatures of 10^1.6–7.0 and 10^7.0–9.8 Pa s, respectively. Dry liquidus temperatures of glass compositions range between 920 and 1,120°C (paralava) and 920–960°C (clinker), and viscosities at these temperatures are 10^9.7–5.5 and 10^8.8–9.7 Pa s, respectively. Compared with worldwide occurrences of cordierite–sekaninaite in pyrometamorphic rocks, sekaninaite occurs in rocks with X_Fe (mol% FeO/(FeO + MgO)) > 0.8; sekaninaite and Fe-cordierite occur in rocks with X_Fe 0.6–0.8, and cordierite (X_Fe < 0.5) is restricted to rocks with X_Fe < 0.6. The crystal-chemical formula of an anhydrous sekaninaite based on the refined structure is | \textK_0.02 |(\textFe_1.54^{2 +} \textMg_0.40 \textMn_0.06 )_{\Upsigma 2.00}^M [(\textAl_1.98 \textFe_0.02^{2 +} \textSi_1.00 )_{\Upsigma 3.00}^T1 (\textSi_3.94 \textAl_2.04 \textFe_0.02^{2 +} )_{\Upsigma 6.00}^T2 \textO₁₈ ]. \left| {{\text{K}}_{0.02} } \right|({\text{Fe}}_{1.54}^{2 + } {\text{Mg}}_{0.40} {\text{Mn}}_{0.06} )_{\Upsigma 2.00}^{M} [({\text{Al}}_{1.98} {\text{Fe}}_{0.02}^{2 + } {\text{Si}}_{1.00} )_{\Upsigma 3.00}^{T1} ({\text{Si}}_{3.94} {\text{Al}}_{2.04} {\text{Fe}}_{0.02}^{2 + } )_{\Upsigma 6.00}^{T2} {\text{O}}_{18} ].  相似文献   

Integration of Remote Sensing &amp; GIS to Manage the Sustainable Development in the Nile Valley Desert Fringes of Assiut-Sohag Governorates,Upper Egypt     

Mostafa kamel  El Sayed M. Abu El Ella 《Journal of the Indian Society of Remote Sensing》2016,44(5):759-774

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