排序方式： 共有21条查询结果，搜索用时 31 毫秒
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阐述空间数据和空间关系不确定性的概念、来源及建模,并研究利用模糊理论进行空间区域的划分,以及利用模糊九交模型对空间对象拓扑关系进行描述分析. 相似文献
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庐山运动 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本文简述了庐山隆-滑构造的基本特征。在中元古代双桥山群底部的顺层韧变带中，把前人的断层构造砾或沉积成因的巨厚层状变质复成分砾岩，自上而下分离出三层砾：上部砾、中部砾、下部砾。其中上部砾为断层构造砾；中部砾不是砾，而是构造分泌物；下部砾为沉积底砾。在此基础上，同时参考研究区早元古代星子群与中元古代双桥山群构造、岩浆活动、变质作用等方面的差异，建立了“庐山运动”，其活动时间为2200～1800Ma，这可以与华北及华南其它地区同时期的构造运动相对比，但庐山运动的强度相对较弱，表现为以垂直隆升为特色的造陆运动，它曾使研究区早元古代晚期至少遭受过长达200Ma（1800～1600Ma）的风化、剥蚀作用。 相似文献
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山西省五台山—恒山地区脉状金矿成矿的地球动力学 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
０ 前 言（代序）该文集命名为“成矿的地球动力学”,表明它只是矿床学中一项较基础性的研究;把脉状金矿作为研究对象,则应属于金矿区域成矿学的范畴。展望２１世纪,资源、环境乃是人类生存与发展之本,因此矿床学所肩负的使命必将更加艰巨。虽然人类利用矿产资源已有数千年的历史,但作为地质科学的重要组成部分—矿床学到１６世纪中叶才萌芽,１９世纪才形成具有较完整理论的学科。如果说矿床学的基本任务是确定这种或那种矿床在地壳中的生成条件和分布规律,矿床的形成又非孤立和偶然的事件,它是一定地质构造背景和地质历史条件下… 相似文献
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白鹤滩水电站位于我国西南高陡山区,是我国实施“西电东送”的国家重大工程之一。水库两岸是地质灾害高易发区,传统的地质灾害调查手段存在工作效率低、危险性高、无法覆盖高位隐患点等弊端。联合星载合成孔径雷达干涉测量技术(InSAR)与无人机航测技术应用于广域地灾隐患探测对于库区地灾隐患广域识别、掌握其分布规律及辅助后续重点防治具有重要意义。本文基于142景Sentinel-1卫星升降轨影像,采用时间序列InSAR技术对白鹤滩库区重点库岸段蓄水前两岸活动性坡体进行探测,同时利用无人机航测技术对其进行了野外验证与辅助分析,根据航片生成的数字高程模型(DEM)、数字正射影像图(DOM)、三维模型等航摄数字产品,结合形变与地形地貌特征,确定了32处地灾隐患点。并结合隐患点的形变量级、形变面积、是否涉水、是否具有明确威胁对象等因素给出了防治建议,建立了全面而准确的蓄水前地灾隐患灾害库。最后基于此案例对两种技术优势特长、适用范围以及如何高效联合应用进行了总结。本文揭示了两种技术在广域地灾隐患识别时的结合应用,无人机航测不仅能对InSAR技术探测到的形变区进行验证,同时InSAR也可以指导重点航测区域,提高航测飞行效率。通过结合两项技术提供的实时与历史信息、形变与地质信息可实现综合研判,形成基于空天遥感技术的高效库岸地质灾害综合遥感识别方法。 相似文献
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Darren M. Parsons Mark A. Morrison Simon F. Thrush Crispin Middleton Matt Smith Keren T. Spong Dane Buckthought 《Marine Ecology》2013,34(4):492-500
Estuarine and sheltered coastal habitats that contain physical structure are potentially important nurseries for juvenile fish. Many of these structured habitats, however, are potentially vulnerable to stressors such as elevated turbidity. Quantifying the benefits that structured habitats provide to juvenile fish may therefore be an important step in the management process. We investigated the value of structured habitat for juvenile fishes in northeastern New Zealand, using artificial seagrass units (ASUs) with varying blade density. ASUs were predominantly settled by juvenile snapper (Pagrus auratus) and spotty (Notolabrus celidotus). The density of both snapper and spotty was greatest on ASUs with the highest blade density. For snapper, a gradient in abundance was present (with higher abundance closer to the harbour mouth), suggesting either a gradient in the supply of recruits or a potential recruitment shadow effect. The size distribution of juvenile snapper (12–70 mm fork length) was very similar on both sampling trips, despite the 2‐month interim period, suggesting an ontogenetic habitat shift dependent on size. The condition of juvenile snapper from ASUs with the highest blade density was also greater than the other ASU treatments. Overall, these results provide new empirical evidence that habitats with physical structure within shallow estuarine systems are important to early stage juvenile fishes such as snapper, and indicate that the location‐specific context of that habitat is also likely important. 相似文献
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Failure mechanism and kinematics of the deadly June 24th 2017 Xinmo landslide,Maoxian, Sichuan,China 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
Xuanmei Fan Qiang Xu Gianvito Scaringi Lanxin Dai Weile Li Xiujun Dong Xing Zhu Xiangjun Pei Keren Dai Hans-Balder Havenith 《Landslides》2017,14(6):2129-2146
At 5:38 am on the 24th June, 2017, a catastrophic rock avalanche destroyed the whole village of Xinmo, in Maoxian County, Sichuan Province, China. About 4.3 million m3 of rock detached from the crest of the mountain, gained momentum along a steep hillslope, entrained a large amount of pre-existing deposits, and hit the village at a velocity of 250 km/h. The impact produced a seismic shaking of ML = 2.3 magnitude. The sliding mass dammed the Songping gully with an accumulation body of 13 million m3. The avalanche buried 64 houses; 10 people were killed and 73 were reported missing. The event raised great concerns both in China and worldwide. Extensive field investigation, satellite remote sensing, UAV aerial photography, and seismic analysis allowed to identify the main kinematic features, the dynamic process, and the triggering mechanism of the event. With the aid of ground-based synthetic aperture radar monitoring, the hazard deriving from potential further instabilities in the source area has been assessed. The preliminary results suggest that the landslide was triggered by the failure of a rock mass, which had been already weakened by the Ms 7.5 Diexi earthquake in 1933. Several major earthquakes since then, and the long-term effect of gravity and rainfall, contributed to the mass failure. The high elevation, slope angle, and vegetation cover in the source area hinder geological field investigation and make hazard assessment difficult. Nonetheless, monitoring and prevention of similar collapses in mountainous areas must be carried out to protect human lives and infrastructures. To this aim, the integrated use of modern high-precision observation technologies is strongly encouraged. 相似文献
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库岸滑坡失稳会造成严重的危害并带来巨大的经济损失。合成孔径雷达干涉测量(Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar, InSAR)已成为滑坡探测领域的重要技术手段。时序InSAR具备识别滑坡隐患的能力,但是面对海量数据,该技术仍然存在数据处理耗时久、识别效率低等问题。因此,提出一种基于InSAR相位梯度叠加的滑坡隐患快速识别方法,该方法采用改进后的Sobel算子对InSAR差分干涉对进行梯度运算,去除各项误差后,采用梯度叠加方式快速识别发生形变的区域。通过该方法在毛尔盖库岸成功快速识别出23处滑坡隐患,识别结果可靠性高,并且具备更优秀的微弱形变探测能力。在识别速度方面,相较于Stacking-InSAR和SBAS-InSAR分别提升1.4和1.9倍,该方法能从海量数据中快速且准确识别滑坡隐患,可以为广域滑坡隐患的快速识别提供借鉴与参考。 相似文献
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深水Stokes波列的不稳定调制演化与实际海面的瞬变性、波浪破碎、畸形波等海洋现象密切相关,且波列在长期演化的过程中,演化特性会随着时间尺度的增加而改变,前人的研究多是针对其空间分布特性,对于波列内部能量的分布和变化趋势尚不清楚,因此引入熵的概念用于描述调制Stokes波列长期演化过程中任意时刻波浪场中不同频率波浪能量分布的均匀性。通过高阶谱方法数值模型,模拟了不同初始波陡条件下调制Stokes波列波数谱熵值的长期演化,给出不同阶段初始波陡和熵的关系,并将稳定状态熵值及谱形与典型海浪谱进行对比分析,发现调制Stokes波列长期演化的波数谱熵值和谱形均趋向实测JONSWAP谱,表明其经过长期演化发展,谱变宽变连续,波场内的能量分布趋向均匀并保持动态的平衡,同时也更加趋近于真实海浪。 相似文献
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“天-空-地”协同滑坡监测技术进展 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
滑坡灾害是全球范围内发生频率最高、分布范围最广、造成损失最重的自然灾害之一,严重威胁着人类生命财产和重大工程设施的安全。科学监测是实现滑坡预警预报与主动防范的重要技术前提,经过多年的技术攻关,融合高分辨率光学遥感、卫星InSAR、无人机摄影测量、无线传感网络(WSN)等多种新技术方法,滑坡监测已从传统点式人工监测逐步发展到“天-空-地”多维协同监测,在我国地质灾害风险识别与监测预警方面取得显著成效。本文结合多年来对滑坡发生机理与变形破坏过程的研究认识,从天(光学遥感和InSAR)、空(无人机摄影测量)、地(全球导航卫星系统、裂缝计等专业监测)三维立体角度对我国滑坡监测技术的最新研究进展进行了系统总结,分析讨论了不同技术在工程实践中的技术优势和适用性,构建了滑坡变形破坏全过程的“天-空-地”协同监测技术体系,为滑坡地质灾害的科学防范提供一种新的思维范式和经验指导。 相似文献